（此系仲景原文）
中寒伤寒。截然两途。仲景论中溷杂而未及辩。以致后世之医。阴阳不明。寒热错治。其害大矣。愚以中寒者。
其证内外皆寒而多虚。伤寒者。其证外寒内热而多实。又中寒之寒真。伤寒之寒假。伤寒有传变。其势稍缓。中寒
每直入。其势最急。丹溪云。治之稍迟。去生甚速。指中寒也。愚因就六经篇原文。摘其中寒论例。悉为解释。俾
学人皆知中寒之证。与伤寒迥别。得此书而自无误治云尔。
太阳病。发汗。遂漏不止。其人恶风。小便难。四肢微急。难以屈伸者。桂枝加附子汤主之。（此条病。乃太
阳真寒证。风寒之邪。由背而入。直中少阴少停于表。即头项痛。腰脊强。其与热病有别者。止微痛微强耳。因其
人卫外之阳气本虚。不发热而但恶寒。此为阳虚人病中风证。粗工不察。误投麻黄等汤以发其汗。腠理大开。遂漏
不止。皮表不固。则其人恶风。又小便难者。汗外泄而亡津液。阳气内虚。不能施化也。四肢微急。难以屈伸者。
四肢为诸阳之本。汗多亡阳而脱液。液脱。则筋骨无以滋养。故微急而屈伸不利也。与桂枝汤以敛津液。加炮附子
以复阳气。）
（此方自原论中第十卷集入于此）
于桂枝汤方内。加附子一枚。炮去皮。破八片。余根据桂枝汤法煎服。
或问上条本太阳病误发汗。汗出不止。其用桂枝汤无疑矣。何为而加炮附子。余答云。内台方议云。病患阳气
不足而得太阳病。则知其人阳气本虚。及得病。又误发汗。汗多亡阳。阳气耗竭不作郁热。因成真阴证。非附子大
辛热之剂。不能散其余邪。复其阳气。
太阳病。下之后。脉促。胸满者。桂枝去芍药汤主之。若微恶寒者。去芍药方中。加附子汤主之。（此条病。
亦太阳真寒证。阳气内虚。故不发热。况风寒之邪在经。本无可下之法。下后脉促者。此胃腑未实。不应下而下之。
胃中阳气大伤。其脉必促而无力。胸中虚满。按之必软而不痛。乃邪客胸中而无实热也。太阳之经。风寒未解。故
用桂枝汤以散客邪。去芍药者。成注云。芍药益阴。阳虚者非所宜也。若其人又微恶寒。夫恶寒而日微。非发热恶
寒之比。此阳虚已极。故于去芍药方中。加炮附子。以温经助阳气。）
桂枝去芍药汤方
（此方并下方俱从原论中第十卷集入于此）
于桂枝汤方内。去芍药。余根据桂枝汤法。
（这是张仲景的原文）
中寒与伤寒，是两条截然不同的路径。张仲景的著作中将二者混杂论述而未加辨析，导致后世的医生阴阳不分，寒热错治，其危害极大。我认为，中寒的症状表现为内外皆寒且多属虚证；伤寒的症状表现为外寒内热且多属实证。此外，中寒之寒邪为真寒，伤寒之寒邪为假寒；伤寒有传变过程，病势相对缓和；而中寒往往直中脏腑，病势最为急迫。朱丹溪曾说：“治疗稍迟，离死亡就非常快了”，指的就是中寒这种情况。我因此针对《六经篇》中的原文，摘取其中关于中寒的论述条例，全部进行解释，使学习的人都知道中寒的证候与伤寒截然不同，得到这本书就能避免误治了。
太阳病，经过发汗治疗后，汗漏不止。病人怕风，小便困难，四肢轻微拘急，难以屈伸，应当用桂枝加附子汤主治。（这一条的病证，属于太阳真寒证。风寒之邪从背部侵入，直接中入少阴，稍停留于体表，就会出现头项痛、腰脊强直。它与热病的区别在于，只是轻微的疼痛和僵硬。因为病人的卫外阳气本来虚弱，所以不发热只恶寒。这是阳虚之人患中风证。粗心的医生没有察觉，错误地投予麻黄汤等方剂来发汗，导致腠理大开，于是汗漏不止。皮表不固，所以病人怕风。又因为小便困难，是因为汗液外泄导致津液亡失，阳气内虚，不能气化施布。四肢轻微拘急、难以屈伸，是因为四肢为诸阳之本，汗多导致亡阳脱液，津液脱失，筋骨失去滋养，所以轻微拘急且屈伸不利。给予桂枝汤以收敛津液，加入炮附子以恢复阳气。）
（这个方子是从原论第十卷收集并编入此处的）
在桂枝汤方中加入一枚附子，炮制后去皮，破成八片。其余按照桂枝汤的方法煎煮服用。
有人问：上一条原本是太阳病误用发汗法，导致汗出不止，使用桂枝汤是毫无疑问的，为什么要加入炮附子？我回答说：《内台方议》认为，病人阳气不足而患上太阳病，就知道此人阳气本虚。等到患病后，又误用发汗法，汗多导致亡阳，阳气耗竭而不产生郁热，因而成为真阴证（真寒证）。如果不是附子这种大辛大热的药物，就不能驱散残余的邪气，恢复阳气。
太阳病，经过攻下治疗后，脉象急促，胸部胀满，应当用桂枝去芍药汤主治。如果伴有轻微恶寒的，应当在去芍药的方剂中加入附子，即桂枝去芍药加附子汤主治。（这一条的病证，也是太阳真寒证。阳气内虚，所以不发热。况且风寒之邪在经络，本来就没有攻下的方法。攻下之后出现脉促，这是因为胃腑未实，不应下而误下，导致胃中阳气大伤，脉象必然促而无力。胸中虚满，按压时必定柔软且不痛，这是邪气客居胸中而没有实热。太阳经的风寒尚未解除，所以用桂枝汤来疏散客邪。去掉芍药的原因，如成无己注解说：芍药益阴，对于阳虚者是不适宜的。如果病人又出现轻微恶寒，这里的“微”恶寒，不同于发热伴恶寒的情况。这是阳气虚损到了极点，所以在去芍药的方剂中加入炮附子，以温通经脉、助长阳气。）
桂枝去芍药汤方
（这个方子和下面那个方子都是从原论第十卷收集并编入此处的）
在桂枝汤方中去掉芍药。其余按照桂枝汤的方法煎煮。
(This is the original text by Zhang Zhongjing.)
Zhonghan (Cold Damage from Internal Cold) and Shanghan (Exogenous Cold Damage) are two distinct pathways. In Zhang Zhongjing's treatises, these two are mixed together without differentiation, leading to physicians of later generations failing to distinguish between Yin and Yang, and treating cold and heat conditions incorrectly, which causes great harm. I believe that in Zhonghan, the symptoms manifest as cold inside and outside with a tendency towards deficiency; in Shanghan, the symptoms manifest as external cold and internal heat with a tendency towards excess. Furthermore, the cold in Zhonghan is "true cold," whereas the cold in Shanghan is "false cold." Shanghan involves transmission and progression, with a relatively slower momentum; Zhonghan often strikes directly into the organs, with the most urgent momentum. Zhu Danxi said, "If treatment is delayed even slightly, death approaches very quickly," referring specifically to Zhonghan. Therefore, I have selected the relevant clauses regarding Zhonghan from the original text of the "Six Channels Chapter" and explained them all, so that students may know that the syndrome of Zhonghan is completely different from Shanghan, and by using this book, they can avoid misdiagnosis and mistreatment.
In Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang Channel), after sweating therapy, perspiration continues to leak profusely. The patient fears wind, has difficulty urinating, slight stiffness in the four limbs making flexion and extension difficult. Guizhi Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction plus Prepared Aconite Root) should be used to govern this condition. (This clause describes a True Cold syndrome of the Taiyang channel. Wind-cold pathogens enter from the back, strike directly into Shaoyin, and pause briefly at the exterior, causing headache, neck stiffness, and spinal rigidity. The difference from heat diseases lies only in the mildness of pain and stiffness. Because the patient's defensive Yang Qi was originally deficient, there is no fever, only aversion to cold. This is a Wind-stroke syndrome in a person with Yang deficiency. Unskilled doctors failed to observe this and mistakenly administered Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) or similar formulas to induce sweating. This caused the pores to open widely, resulting in continuous leakage of sweat. With the exterior not secured, the patient fears wind. Regarding the difficulty in urination: profuse sweating leads to the loss of body fluids, and internal Yang deficiency prevents proper Qi transformation and distribution. The slight stiffness and difficulty in limb movement occur because the four limbs are the root of all Yang channels; excessive sweating leads to the loss of Yang and depletion of fluids. When fluids are depleted, sinews and bones lose nourishment, resulting in slight stiffness and impaired mobility. Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is given to conserve body fluids, and Pao Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) is added to restore Yang Qi.)
(This formula was collected from Volume 10 of the original treatise and inserted here.)
To the Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) formula, add one Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), prepared, peeled, broken into eight pieces. Prepare and administer the remaining ingredients according to the method for Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction).
Someone asked: The previous clause originally described Taiyang disease where mistaken sweating therapy led to unceasing perspiration. Using Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is unquestionable. Why add Pao Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root)? I answer: According to Neitai Fangyi (Discussions on Formulas of the Inner Platform), if a patient with insufficient Yang Qi contracts Taiyang disease, it indicates that their Yang Qi was originally deficient. After contracting the disease, mistaken sweating therapy causes profuse sweating and loss of Yang Qi. The Yang Qi is exhausted without generating stagnant heat, thus becoming a True Yin (True Cold) syndrome. Only a potent hot and pungent agent like Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) can disperse residual pathogens and restore Yang Qi.
In Taiyang disease (Disease of the Taiyang Channel), after purgative therapy, the pulse is rapid/urgent, and there is chest fullness. Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Moutan Cortex/Paeoniae Radix) should be used to govern this. If there is slight aversion to cold, add Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) to the Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Moutan Cortex/Paeoniae Radix), i.e., Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Fuzi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Moutan Cortex/Paeoniae Radix plus Prepared Aconite Root) should be used. (This clause also describes a True Cold syndrome of the Taiyang channel. Internal Yang Qi is deficient, hence there is no fever. Moreover, wind-cold pathogens in the meridians do not warrant purgation. After mistaken purgation, the pulse becomes rapid/urgent because the Stomach Fu organ is not full/excess, yet purgation was applied. This severely injures the Yang Qi in the Stomach, causing the pulse to be rapid/urgent and forceless. There is empty fullness in the chest, which feels soft and non-tender upon pressure, indicating pathogenic factors lodged in the chest without excess heat. The wind-cold on the Taiyang meridian has not resolved, so Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is used to dispel the lodged pathogens. Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) is removed because, as Cheng Wuji noted, Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) benefits Yin and is unsuitable for those with Yang deficiency. If the patient additionally exhibits slight aversion to cold, this "slight" aversion differs from the aversion to cold accompanying fever. This indicates extreme Yang deficiency. Therefore, Pao Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) is added to the Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Moutan Cortex/Paeoniae Radix) to warm the meridians and assist Yang Qi.)
Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Moutan Cortex/Paeoniae Radix) Formula
(Both this formula and the following one were collected from Volume 10 of the original treatise and inserted here.)
Remove Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix) from the Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) formula. Prepare and administer the remaining ingredients according to the method for Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction).