湿邪。多因膏粱酒醴。必患湿热。湿火之症。若其人色白而肥。肌肉柔软者。其体属阴。若外
感湿邪。不易化热。若内生之湿。多因茶汤生冷太过。必患寒湿之症。人身若一小天地。今
观先生治法。若湿阻上焦者。用开肺气。佐淡渗。通膀胱。是即启上闸。开支河。导水势下行
之理也。若脾阳不运。湿滞中焦者。用术朴姜半之属。以温运之。以苓泽腹皮滑石等渗泄
之。亦犹低 湿处。必得烈日晒之。或以刚燥之土培之。或开沟渠以泄之耳。其用药总以
苦辛寒治湿热。以苦辛温治寒湿。概以淡渗佐之。或再加风药。甘酸腻浊。在所不用。总之
肾阳充旺。脾土健运。自无寒湿诸症。肺金清肃之气下降。膀胱之气化通调。自无湿火湿
热暑湿诸症。若夫失治变幻。则有肿胀黄胆泄泻淋闭痰饮等类。俱于各门兼参之可也。（华岫云）
徐评 方案重复。令阅者生厌。编书者意欲何为。治湿不用燥热之品。皆以芳香淡渗之药。
疏肺气而和膀胱。此为良法。惟健脾消痰培土之方未备。则于固本之法。犹有缺耳。
某 脉右数大。议清气分中燥热。（气分热）
桑叶 杏仁 大沙参 象贝母 香豉 黑栀皮
卞 夏热秋燥致伤。都因阴分不足。（肺胃津液虚）
冬桑叶 玉竹 生甘草 白沙参 生扁豆 地骨皮 麦冬 花粉
某 燥火上郁。龈胀咽痛。当辛凉清上。（火郁上焦）
薄荷梗 连翘壳 生甘草 黑栀皮 桔梗 绿豆皮
王（六七） 老人舌腐。肉消肌枯。心事繁冗。阳气过动。致五液皆涸而为燥。冬月无妨。夏
月深处林壑。心境凝然。可以延年。（心阳过动伤液） 每早服牛乳一杯。
陈 秋燥复伤。宿恙再发。未可补涩。姑与甘药养胃。（胃阴虚）
麦冬 玉竹 北沙参 生甘草 茯神 糯稻根须
某 上燥治气。下燥治血。此为定评。今阳明胃腑之虚。因久病呕逆。投以辛耗破气。津液
劫伤。胃气不主下行。致肠中传送失司。经云。六腑以通为补。半月小效。全在一通补工夫。岂
徒理燥而已。议甘寒清补胃阴。
鲜生地 天冬 人参 甜梨肉 生白蜜
张 脉数虚。舌红口渴。上 干涸。腹热不饥。此津液被劫。阴不上承。心下温温液液。用炙甘草
汤。（热劫阴液）
炙甘草 阿胶 生地 麦冬 人参 麻仁
某（氏） 心中烦热。正值经来。而热渴不已。若清肺气大谬。用复脉法。
炙甘草 生地 阿胶 麦冬 枣仁 蔗浆
某 阳津阴液重伤。余热淹留不解。临晚潮热。舌色若赭。频饮救亢阳焚燎。究未能解渴。形脉
俱虚。难投白虎。议以仲景复脉一法。为邪少虚多。使少阴厥阴二脏之阴少苏。冀得胃关复
振。因左关尺空数不藏。非久延所宜耳。
人参 生地 阿胶 麦冬 炙草 桂枝 生姜 大枣
燥为干涩不通之疾。内伤外感宜分。外感者由于天时风热过胜。或因深秋偏亢之邪。始
必伤人上焦气分。其法以辛凉甘润肺胃为先。喻氏清燥救肺汤。及先生用玉竹门冬桑
叶薄荷梨皮甘草之类是也。内伤者。乃人之本病。精血下夺而成。或因偏饵燥剂所致。病
从下焦阴分先起。其法以纯阴静药。柔养肝肾为宜。大补地黄丸。六味丸之类是也。要知
是症大忌者苦涩。最喜者甘柔。若气分失治。则延及于血。下病失治。则槁及乎上。喘咳痿
厥。三消噫膈之萌。总由此致。大凡津液结而为患者。必佐辛通之气味。精血竭而为患者。
必藉血肉之滋填。在表佐风药而成功。在腑以缓通为要务。古之滋燥养营汤。润肠丸。五
仁汤。琼玉膏。一 丹。牛羊乳汁等法。各有专司也。（邵新甫）
徐评 有因风而燥。当兼治风案中未备。
湿邪。多因膏粱酒醴。必患湿热。湿火之症。若其人色白而肥。肌肉柔软者。其体属阴。若外感湿邪。不易化热。若内生之湿。多因茶汤生冷太过。必患寒湿之症。人身若一小天地。今观先生治法。若湿阻上焦者。用开肺气。佐淡渗。通膀胱。是即启上闸。开支河。导水势下行之理也。若脾阳不运。湿滞中焦者。用术朴姜半之属。以温运之。以苓泽腹皮滑石等渗泄之。亦犹低湿处。必得烈日晒之。或以刚燥之土培之。或开沟渠以泄之耳。其用药总以苦辛寒治湿热。以苦辛温治寒湿。概以淡渗佐之。或再加风药。甘酸腻浊。在所不用。总之肾阳充旺。脾土健运。自无寒湿诸症。肺金清肃之气下降。膀胱之气化通调。自无湿火湿热暑湿诸症。若夫失治变幻。则有肿胀黄胆泄泻淋闭痰饮等类。俱于各门兼参之可也。（华岫云）
徐评 方案重复。令阅者生厌。编书者意欲何为。治湿不用燥热之品。皆以芳香淡渗之药。疏肺气而和膀胱。此为良法。惟健脾消痰培土之方未备。则于固本之法。犹有缺耳。
某 脉右数大。议清气分中燥热。（气分热）
桑叶 杏仁 大沙参 象贝母 香豉 黑栀皮
卞 夏热秋燥致伤。都因阴分不足。（肺胃津液虚）
冬桑叶 玉竹 生甘草 白沙参 生扁豆 地骨皮 麦冬 花粉
某 燥火上郁。龈胀咽痛。当辛凉清上。（火郁上焦）
薄荷梗 连翘壳 生甘草 黑栀皮 桔梗 绿豆皮
王（六七） 老人舌腐。肉消肌枯。心事繁冗。阳气过动。致五液皆涸而为燥。冬月无妨。夏月深处林壑。心境凝然。可以延年。（心阳过动伤液） 每早服牛乳一杯。
陈 秋燥复伤。宿恙再发。未可补涩。姑与甘药养胃。（胃阴虚）
麦冬 玉竹 北沙参 生甘草 茯神 糯稻根须
某 上燥治气。下燥治血。此为定评。今阳明胃腑之虚。因久病呕逆。投以辛耗破气。津液劫伤。胃气不主下行。致肠中传送失司。经云。六腑以通为补。半月小效。全在一通补工夫。岂徒理燥而已。议甘寒清补胃阴。
鲜生地 天冬 人参 甜梨肉 生白蜜
张 脉数虚。舌红口渴。上干涸。腹热不饥。此津液被劫。阴不上承。心下温温液液。用炙甘草汤。（热劫阴液）
炙甘草 阿胶 生地 麦冬 人参 麻仁
某（氏） 心中烦热。正值经来。而热渴不已。若清肺气大谬。用复脉法。
炙甘草 生地 阿胶 麦冬 枣仁 蔗浆
某 阳津阴液重伤。余热淹留不解。临晚潮热。舌色若赭。频饮救亢阳焚燎。究未能解渴。形脉俱虚。难投白虎。议以仲景复脉一法。为邪少虚多。使少阴厥阴二脏之阴少苏。冀得胃关复振。因左关尺空数不藏。非久延所宜耳。
人参 生地 阿胶 麦冬 炙草 桂枝 生姜 大枣
燥为干涩不通之疾。内伤外感宜分。外感者由于天时风热过胜。或因深秋偏亢之邪。始必伤人上焦气分。其法以辛凉甘润肺胃为先。喻氏清燥救肺汤。及先生用玉竹门冬桑叶薄荷梨皮甘草之类是也。内伤者。乃人之本病。精血下夺而成。或因偏饵燥剂所致。病从下焦阴分先起。其法以纯阴静药。柔养肝肾为宜。大补地黄丸。六味丸之类是也。要知是症大忌者苦涩。最喜者甘柔。若气分失治。则延及于血。下病失治。则槁及乎上。喘咳痿厥。三消噫膈之萌。总由此致。大凡津液结而为患者。必佐辛通之气味。精血竭而为患者。必藉血肉之滋填。在表佐风药而成功。在腑以缓通为要务。古之滋燥养营汤。润肠丸。五仁汤。琼玉膏。一丹。牛羊乳汁等法。各有专司也。（邵新甫）
徐评 有因风而燥。当兼治风案中未备。
Dampness pathogen. It often arises from rich food and wine, inevitably leading to damp-heat or damp-fire syndromes. If a person has fair skin, is obese, and has soft muscles, their constitution belongs to Yin. If they contract external dampness, it is difficult for it to transform into heat. However, internally generated dampness often results from excessive consumption of tea, soup, cold drinks, and raw foods, inevitably leading to cold-damp syndromes. The human body is like a small heaven and earth. Observing the Master's treatment methods: if dampness obstructs the Upper Jiao (Upper Burner), one should open Lung Qi, assist with bland leaching agents, and unblock the Bladder. This follows the principle of opening the upper sluice, branching out rivers, and guiding water flow downward. If Spleen Yang fails to transport and dampness stagnates in the Middle Jiao (Middle Burner), use Atractylodis Rhizoma (Baizhu), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang), and Pinelliae Tuber (Banxia) to warm and transport; use Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie), Lagenariae Spongosperma (Fupi), and Talcum (Huashi) to leach and drain. This is akin to low-lying wet areas that must be dried by the scorching sun, cultivated with dry soil, or drained via ditches. Generally, bitter-pungent-cold herbs are used to treat damp-heat, and bitter-pungent-warm herbs to treat cold-damp, all assisted by bland leaching agents, or sometimes adding wind-dispelling herbs. Sweet, sour, greasy, and turbid substances are strictly avoided. In summary, if Kidney Yang is abundant and robust, and Spleen Earth functions smoothly, there will naturally be no cold-damp syndromes. If Lung Metal's clear and descending Qi descends properly, and Bladder Qi transformation flows smoothly, there will naturally be no damp-fire, damp-heat, or damp-summerheat syndromes. If mismanaged and transformed, conditions such as swelling, jaundice, diarrhea, stranguria, retention of urine, and phlegm-fluids may occur; these can be referenced in their respective sections. (Hua Xiuyun)
Xu's Commentary: The cases are repetitive, causing reader fatigue. What was the compiler's intention? Treating dampness without using drying-hot substances, but rather aromatic and bland-leaching herbs to diffuse Lung Qi and harmonize the Bladder, is an excellent method. However, formulas for strengthening the Spleen, resolving phlegm, and cultivating Earth are not fully prepared, leaving a gap in the method of consolidating the root.
Certain Patient: Pulse is rapid and large on the right. Propose clearing heat in the Qi Level (Qi Fen Re).
Mulberry Leaf (Sangye), Apricot Seed (Xingren), Large Ophiopogon Tuber (Dashashen), Fritillaria Bulb (Xiangbeimu), Fermented Soybean (Xiangchi), Gardenia Bark (Heizhipi).
Bian: Summer heat and autumn dryness caused injury, all due to insufficiency of the Yin aspect (Lung-Stomach Fluid Deficiency).
Winter Mulberry Leaf (Dongsangye), Polygonatum Rhizoma (Yuzhu), Raw Licorice Root (Shenggancao), White Ophiopogon Tuber (Baishashen), Raw Lablab Bean (Shengbiandou), Groundcherry Root Bark (Digupi), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Trichosanthes Root (Huafen).
Certain Patient: Dryness-fire constrained upward, causing swollen gums and sore throat. Should use pungent-cool to clear the upper burner (Fire Constrained in Upper Jiao).
Peppermint Stem (Boheteng), Forsythia Fruit (Lianqiaoqiao), Raw Licorice Root (Shenggancao), Gardenia Bark (Heizhipi), Platycodon Root (Jiegeng), Mung Bean Skin (Lvdoupi).
Wang (60-70 years old): Elderly patient with ulcerated tongue, wasted flesh, and emaciated muscles. Mind burdened with complex worries, Yang Qi moves excessively, causing the Five Fluids to dry up, resulting in dryness. Harmless in winter. In summer, dwelling deep in forests and valleys with a tranquil mind can prolong life (Heart Yang Excess Damaging Fluids). Drink one cup of cow's milk every morning.
Chen: Autumn dryness re-injures, old ailments recur. Tonification and astringency are not suitable yet. Temporarily use sweet medicines to nourish the Stomach (Stomach Yin Deficiency).
Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Polygonatum Rhizoma (Yuzhu), Glehnia Root (Beishashen), Raw Licorice Root (Shenggancao), Poria (Fushen), Glutinous Rice Rootlets (Nuodaogenxu).
Certain Patient: "Treat upper dryness by regulating Qi, treat lower dryness by regulating Blood" is a definitive evaluation. Now, deficiency of the Yangming Stomach Fu organ, due to prolonged vomiting and regurgitation, treated with pungent drugs that consume and break Qi, fluids were劫ed (severely damaged). Stomach Qi does not descend, causing failure of intestinal transmission. The Classics state: "The Six Fu organs are supplemented by unblocking." Small effect after half a month, entirely depending on the technique of tonifying through unblocking. Is it merely treating dryness? Propose sweet-cold clear-tonification of Stomach Yin.
Fresh Rehmannia Root (Xianshengdi), Asparagus Tuber (Tiandong), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Sweet Pear Flesh (Tianlirou), Raw White Honey (Shengbaimi).
Zhang: Pulse is rapid and deficient, tongue red, thirsty, upper body dry, abdomen hot without appetite. This indicates fluids have been seized, Yin cannot ascend. Heart area feels warm and fluid-like. Use Zhi Gancao Decoction (Heat Seizing Yin Fluids).
Prepared Licorice Root (Zhigancao), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao), Rehmannia Root (Shengdi), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Ginseng Root (Renshen), Sesame Seed (Maren).
Certain Patient (Lady): Vexation and heat in the heart, coinciding with menstruation, yet heat and thirst persist. Clearing Lung Qi would be a major error. Use the Fumai Method.
Prepared Licorice Root (Zhigancao), Rehmannia Root (Shengdi), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Ziziphus Seed (Zaoren), Sugarcane Juice (Zhejiang).
Certain Patient: Yang fluids and Yin liquids severely injured, residual heat lingers unresolved. Evening tidal fever, tongue color like hematite. Frequent drinking to save against hyperactive Yang burning, yet ultimately unable to quench thirst. Form and pulse both deficient, difficult to administer Baihu Tang. Propose Zhongjing's Fumai method. Due to less pathogen and more deficiency, allowing the Yin of the Shaoyin and Jueyin organs to slightly revive, hoping to restore Stomach Gate function. Because the left Guan and Chi positions are empty, rapid, and failing to store, this is not suitable for prolonged delay.
Ginseng Root (Renshen), Rehmannia Root (Shengdi), Donkey-hide Gelatin (Ejiao), Ophiopogon Tuber (Maidong), Prepared Licorice Root (Zhigancao), Cinnamon Twig (Guizhi), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang), Jujube (Dazao).
Dryness is a disease of dryness, astringency, and blockage. Internal injury and external contraction should be distinguished. External contraction arises from prevailing wind-heat in the seasons, or from exuberant pathogens in late autumn, initially injuring the Qi level of the Upper Jiao. The method prioritizes pungent-cool and sweet-moistening for Lung and Stomach, such as Yu Shi's Qingzao Jiufei Tang, and the Master's use of Polygonatum Rhizoma (Yuzhu), Ophiopogon Tuber (Mendong), Mulberry Leaf (Sangye), Peppermint (Bohe), Pear Skin (Lipi), and Licorice (Gancao). Internal injury is the person's fundamental disease, resulting from depletion of essence and blood downward, or due to biased intake of drying agents. The disease starts from the Yin aspect of the Lower Jiao. The method prefers pure Yin quiet herbs to softly nourish Liver and Kidney, such as Dabu Dihuang Wan and Liuwei Wan. Know that this syndrome greatly forbids bitter-astringent substances, and most favors sweet-soft ones. If Qi level is mismanaged, it extends to Blood; if lower disease is mismanaged, it withers upwards. Symptoms include asthma, cough, flaccidity, tetany, three consumptions, and hiccup/regurgitation, all originating here. Generally, when fluids coagulate causing disease, assist with pungent-unblocking aromas; when essence and blood exhaust causing disease, rely on animal-derived tonics. For exterior conditions, assist with wind-dispelling herbs to succeed; for Fu organs, slow unblocking is essential. Ancient methods like Zizao Yangying Tang, Runchang Wan, Wuren Tang, Qiongyu Gao, Yidan, and cattle/sheep milk each have specific applications. (Shao Xinpu)
Xu's Commentary: Some dryness arises from wind, requiring simultaneous treatment of wind, which is not fully covered in the cases.