（血瘕。血肿 血风 热入血室。）
妇人鼓胀。虽有因于气食而成者。然成于血者。则居多焉。成于气食者。腹虽胀而经不
闭。
充满。其始发之时。小腹先膨久则上连中脘。胀紧如鼓。青筋绽露。而血鼓之症成矣。其有
因产后恶血不下。逆而上升。渗入于皮肤。充积于中宫。上腾于面。而成紫色者。此必死之
癖块。虽有因痰与气食而成者。然成于血者居多焉。痰与气食而成块。虽成而不碍于经
水
怒气。留滞于两腋小腹之间。故成血癖也。
血肿。与水肿不同。先因月信不通。而后肿。名曰血肿。乃瘀血化水。闭塞胞门。流走
四肢
血风者。经水逆上。攻于脑间。头目闷迷。不省人事。甚至满面满头。皆成赤斑者。此
水适临。感冒风邪所致。盖风之为气。善行而数变。其势易上而难下其经水为风所激。故致
倒流而上行也。
热入血室者。何以致之。必其经水临行时。或犯热症。因而经止。经随热而入于血室。
则往
破血散聚汤 治血鼓肿胀。坚硬如石。朝宽暮急。脐凸发喘。
桃仁 红花 归尾 牛膝（各一钱） 三棱 蓬术（各二钱） 苏木 木通 官桂 青皮
穿山甲（各八分） 酒煎空心服。
神仙蒸脐法 治血鼓血瘕。血疯等症。（方见噎膈门）
桂红丸 治血瘕血痞。神效。
官桂 红花 桃仁 当归梢 阿魏（各一两） 广木香（一两五钱） 白豆蔻 蓬术 血见
愁穿山甲（一两二钱）
上为末。醋打米糊为丸。每服三钱。早晚一服。酒下。
消肿丸 治血肿等症。
人参 当归 大黄（九蒸过各一两） 桂心 瞿麦 苏木 白茯苓 葶苈子 广木香（各
一两四钱） 木通（五两）
上为末。以木通煎汤法为丸每服二钱。空心米饮送下。
消肿饮 治症同前。
五灵脂 肉桂 川芎 当归（各一钱五分） 牛膝 青皮（各一钱） 玄胡索 黑牵牛（各
二钱） 生姜五片。空心煎服。
紫金锭 治血鼓。并血瘕血肿。酒磨三钱服。（方见痰门）
祛风治血汤 治一切血风等症。
防风 当归 川芎（各一钱五分） 荆芥 红花 生地 桃仁 青皮 香附 天麻（各一
钱二分） 水酒各一钟煎服。
又方 治症同前。
苍耳草（阴干） 小蓟（阴干）
上为末。每服二钱。酒调下。
清热凉血饮 治热入血室。
麦门冬 丹皮 赤茯苓（各一钱二分） 连翘 秦艽 生地 当归 川芎（各一钱五分）
黄芩 赤芍（各一钱） 灯心三十茎。不拘时服。
（血瘕，即腹部结块；血肿，指血液瘀滞肿胀；血风，指经血逆乱引发的风证；热入血室，指外邪热毒侵入子宫。）
妇女出现鼓胀病，虽然有的因气滞和食积引起，但由血瘀引起的占大多数。由气滞和食积引起的，腹部虽然胀满，但月经不会闭止。在疾病初发时，小腹部先膨胀，久而久之向上连及中脘穴部位，腹部胀紧如鼓，青筋暴露，这就形成了血鼓病症。有的因为产后恶露不下，逆气上升，渗入皮肤，充积于中焦脾胃，上泛至面部，导致面色呈紫色，这必定是死症中的癖块。虽然有因痰湿和气食积滞形成块状的，但由血瘀形成的居多。痰湿与气食积滞形成的块状物，虽然形成后不影响月经，但怒气会导致气血留滞于两腋和小腹之间，从而形成血癖。
血肿，与水湿引起的水肿不同。它首先是因为月经不通，然后才出现肿胀，称为血肿，这是瘀血化为水湿，闭塞胞宫之门，流注走窜于四肢所致。
所谓血风，是指经血逆乱上行，攻冲脑部，导致头目昏闷迷乱，不省人事，甚至满面满头都出现赤色斑块。这是因为正值经期，感受风邪所致。因为风邪这种气机，善于游走且变化多端，其势容易上行而难以下降。经血被风邪所激扰，导致倒流而上行。
所谓热入血室，是如何导致的呢？必定是在月经将要来潮时，或者患上了热性病，因而导致月经突然停止。经血随着热邪一起进入血室（子宫），则……
破血散聚汤：治疗血鼓引起的肿胀，腹部坚硬如石头，早晨症状较轻傍晚加重，肚脐突出，气喘。
药材：桃仁、红花、当归尾、牛膝（各一钱）；三棱、蓬术（各二钱）；苏木、木通、官桂、青皮、穿山甲（各八分）。用酒煎煮，空腹服用。
桂红丸：治疗血瘕、血痞，效果神奇。
药材：官桂、红花、桃仁、当归梢、阿魏（各一两）；广木香（一两五钱）；白豆蔻、蓬术、血见愁、穿山甲（一两二钱）。
以上药物研为细末，用醋调和米糊制成丸药。每次服用三钱，早晚各一次，用酒送服。
消肿丸：治疗血肿等症。
药材：人参、当归、大黄（经过九次蒸制，各一两）；桂心、瞿麦、苏木、白茯苓、葶苈子、广木香（各一两四钱）；木通（五两）。
以上药物研为细末，用木通煎煮的汤液作为粘合剂制成丸药。每次服用二钱，空腹时用米饮送下。
消肿饮：治疗的病症同上。
药材：五灵脂、肉桂、川芎、当归（各一钱五分）；牛膝、青皮（各一钱）；玄胡索、黑牵牛（各二钱）；生姜五片。空腹煎煮服用。
紫金锭：治疗血鼓，以及血瘕、血肿。用酒磨碎三钱服用。（方剂见痰门章节）
祛风治血汤：治疗一切血风等症。
药材：防风、当归、川芎（各一钱五分）；荆芥、红花、生地、桃仁、青皮、香附、天麻（各一钱二分）。用水和酒各一杯煎煮服用。
又一方：治疗的病症同上。
药材：苍耳草（阴干）、小蓟（阴干）。
以上药物研为细末。每次服用二钱，用酒调服。
清热凉血饮：治疗热入血室。
药材：麦门冬、丹皮、赤茯苓（各一钱二分）；连翘、秦艽、生地、当归、川芎（各一钱五分）；黄芩、赤芍（各一钱）；灯心草三十茎。不拘时间服用。
(Blood mass [Xue Jia], blood swelling [Xue Zhong], wind from blood [Xue Feng], heat entering the blood chamber [Re Ru Xue Shi].)
In women,鼓胀 (abdominal distension resembling a drum), although it may arise from Qi stagnation and food retention, is predominantly caused by blood stasis. When caused by Qi stagnation and food retention, the abdomen is distended but menstruation does not cease. At the onset of the disease, the lower abdomen swells first; over time, the distension extends upward to connect with the Zhongwan point (CV12). The abdomen becomes tight and drum-like, with visible subcutaneous veins, thereby forming the syndrome of 血鼓 (blood drum). In some cases, due to the failure of lochia to discharge after childbirth, rebellious Qi ascends, infiltrates the skin, accumulates in the middle jiao (spleen and stomach), and rises to the face, causing a purple discoloration. This is invariably a fatal mass (Pi Ku). Although masses can also form due to phlegm and Qi/food retention, those formed by blood are more common. Masses formed by phlegm and Qi/food retention, while they may not obstruct menstruation, cause Qi stagnation and anger to lead to Qi and blood stasis between the lateral hypochondrium and the lower abdomen, thus forming 血癖 (blood pi-mass).
Blood swelling (Xue Zhong) differs from edema caused by water-dampness. It initially arises from amenorrhea, followed by swelling, hence named blood swelling. This occurs when stagnant blood transforms into water, blocking the opening of the uterus (Bao Men), and flows to the four limbs.
Wind from blood (Xue Feng) refers to menstrual blood flowing rebelliously upward, attacking the brain, resulting in dizziness, mental confusion, and loss of consciousness. In severe cases, red spots appear all over the face and head. This is caused by contracting wind-pathogens during menstruation. Wind, as a pathogenic factor, is agile and changes frequently; its pathogenic force tends to ascend and is difficult to descend. Stimulated by wind, menstrual blood flows backward and ascends.
What causes heat entering the blood chamber (Re Ru Xue Shi)? It must be that during the time when menstruation is about to commence, the patient contracts a heat-pathogen, causing menstruation to stop abruptly. The menstrual blood then enters the blood chamber (uterus) along with the heat...
Po Xue San Ju Tang (Break Blood and Disperse Aggregation Decoction): Treats abdominal distension and swelling caused by blood drum, where the abdomen is hard as stone, symptoms are milder in the morning and worse in the evening, the umbilicus protrudes, and there is asthma/dyspnea.
Ingredients: Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Gui Wei (Cinnamomi Ramulus? No, Dang Gui Wei - Angelicae Sinensis Radix Caulis), Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix) (each 1 qian); San Leng (Sparganii Rhizoma), Peng Zhu (Curcumae Rhizoma) (each 2 qian); Su Mu (Sappan Lignum), Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis), Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Chuan Shan Jia (Manis Squama) (each 8 fen). Decoct with wine and take on an empty stomach.
Shen Xian Zheng Qi Fa (Divine Master’s Umbilical Steaming Method): Treats blood drum, blood mass, and wind from blood. (Formula see section on Dysphagia and Food Impaction).
Gui Hong Wan (Cinnamon Twig and Safflower Pill): Treats blood mass and blood痞 (fullness/stagnation), with miraculous efficacy.
Ingredients: Guan Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Dang Gui Shao (Angelicae Sinensis Radix Cauda), A Wei (Asafetidae Resina) (each 1 liang); Guang Mu Xiang (Costi Radix) (1.5 liang); Bai Dou Kou (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Peng Zhu (Curcumae Rhizoma), Xue Jian Chou (Patriniae Herba), Chuan Shan Jia (Manis Squama) (1.2 liang).
Grind the above into powder, mix with vinegar and rice paste to form pills. Take 3 qian per dose, morning and evening, washed down with wine.
Xiao Zhong Wan (Reduce Swelling Pill): Treats blood swelling and other syndromes.
Ingredients: Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, steamed nine times) (each 1 liang); Gui Xin (Cinnamomi Cortex), Qu Mai (Dianthi Herba), Su Mu (Sappan Lignum), Bai Fu Ling (Poria), Ting Li Zi (Lepidii Semen), Guang Mu Xiang (Costi Radix) (each 1.4 liang); Mu Tong (Akebiae Caulis) (5 liang).
Grind the above into powder, use Mu Tong decoction to bind into pills. Take 2 qian per dose, washed down with rice drink on an empty stomach.
Xiao Zhong Yin (Reduce Swelling Decoction): Treats the same syndromes as above.
Ingredients: Wu Ling Zhi (Trogopterori Faeces), Rou Gui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (each 1.5 qian); Niu Xi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) (each 1 qian); Yan Hu Suo (Corydalis Rhizoma), Hei Qian Niu (Pharbitidis Semen) (each 2 qian); Fresh Ginger (5 slices). Decoct and take on an empty stomach.
Zi Jin Ding (Purple Gold锭/Lozenge): Treats blood drum, as well as blood mass and blood swelling. Grind 3 qian with wine and take. (Formula see section on Phlegm).
Qu Feng Zhi Xue Tang (Expel Wind and Regulate Blood Decoction): Treats all types of wind from blood and other syndromes.
Ingredients: Fang Feng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 1.5 qian); Jing Jie (Schizonepetae Spica), Hong Hua (Carthami Flos), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Tao Ren (Persicae Semen), Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Xiang Fu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Tian Ma (Gastrodiae Rhizoma) (each 1.2 qian). Decoct with water and wine (one cup each) and take.
Another Prescription: Treats the same syndromes as above.
Ingredients: Cang Er Cao (Xanthii Herba, dried in shade), Xiao Ji (Cirsii Herba, dried in shade).
Grind the above into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, mixed with wine.
Qing Re Liang Xue Yin (Clear Heat and Cool Blood Decoction): Treats heat entering the blood chamber.
Ingredients: Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Tuber), Dan Pi (Moutan Cortex), Chi Fu Ling (Poria with Red Mycelium) (each 1.2 qian); Lian Qiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Qin Jiao (Gent macrophyllae Radix), Sheng Di Huang (Rehmanniae Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuan Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (each 1.5 qian); Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix), Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra) (each 1 qian); Deng Xin Cao (Junci Medulla) (30 stems). Take at any time.