唇皆属于脾。脾受邪则唇为之病。若风胜则唇为之动。寒胜则唇为之揭。热胜则唇烈。
燥胜
则唇干。气郁则生疮血少则惨而无色。上唇内有白点。虫食上部。下唇内有白点。虫食下部
。兰唇紧小不能开合。饮食不得。不急治即死。毋忽。毋忽。
泻胃汤 治唇肿干烈便秘烦渴。
葛根 桔梗 桔壳（各二钱） 大黄（三钱） 前胡 杏仁（各一钱）
水煎食后服。
又方 治唇不润。
生地 当归 天门冬 麦门冬 黄 （各二钱） 升麻（六分）
水煎食后服。
又方 治唇生白点。
芜荑（炒） 干漆（炒烟尽各等分）
上为末。每服五分滚汤调下。
又方 治兰唇。
青皮（ 灰） 橄榄（ 灰各等分）
上共和匀猪脂调搽。
又方 补缺唇舌。
鲜蟹（ 灰五钱） 乳香（五分） 没药（四分）
上为极细末。搽上即生肉。
（吐血 便血 尿血 血汗 血潜 鼻血 五窍出血）
血乃水谷之精。化于脾生于心。藏于肝。布于肺。施于肾。善调摄者不妄作劳。则血之
运于身者。无一息之停。自然肌肤润泽筋脉和畅何病之有。后生少年辈恃其壮盛。恣情酒色。而
贫穷劳苦之人。又不暇自惜。涉远负重奔走于衣食。而无日夜之安宁。其能不伤于血乎。伤
于上部则胸臆痛。伤于中部。则两胁中脘痛。伤于下部。则小腹痛。由是吐血。衄血。便血
。尿血。之病作矣。夫吐血。与衄血无异。但所由之经不同而要之皆裹于脾也。脾能裹血。
不能使血之不升。胃火上蒸。则血从口出。肺火上腾。则血从鼻出。然有轻重之差焉。衄血
太甚。始于吐血无异。不甚不足为虑也。至于吐血虽不甚。而实为可畏。用药者其可以混施
耶。夫吐血固甚于衄血矣。而就其吐血言之。则亦自有轻重。如一咯一块者。胃口血也。其
所从来者近。痰中见血色如玛瑙而成块者。亦胃口血也。其所从来者亦近。二者势若可畏。
而犹可调理。法当任其自出。又必看其色不鲜者。旧血也。勿以药止之。其色鲜者。新血也
。所积者必不甚多。宜以药止之。盖旧血终不归经。不任其自出。及于增剧
。新血终当归经。若所出者多。则损人矣。故宜药止之。以引血归经。此皆可以调理而愈者
也。若痰中见血。或一点之小。或一丝之细。语其势若无可畏。而病根反深。此血非胃口之
血也。乃从肺脏中来。肺为虚火所逼。血从痰出故也。其所以少者何也。盖肺脏以气为主。
本多气而少血。是以所出者亦少也。肺脏之血本少。又火逼而出之则肺以枯。而无以领一身
之气矣。所害不亦大乎至于五窍出血者。势如潮涌。耳目口鼻一齐逆流。药不及煎针不及下
。死在顷刻间。此犹血症之至极者也。医者岂可无急治之法。若夫渗入肠间。从下部而出
。则为肠风。为脏毒。为溺血其病易治。
非若上焦之血也。又有从汗孔出者。为肌衄从舌出者。为舌衄。从委中穴出。为 血。皆有
治法。诸血见若身热脉大者难治。是火邪热甚也。身凉脉净者易治。是正气复也。治法未见
血。则宜消宜和。既见血。则宜凉宜止。旧血未尽。则化其血。新血未尽。则补其血。因其
势之轻重。而为缓急之施。则无不中矣若妇人崩漏。女子月信。则自见本科。而此不及载
云。
嘴唇都归属于脾。脾受到邪气侵袭，嘴唇就会发生病变。如果风邪偏胜，嘴唇就会颤动；寒邪偏胜，嘴唇就会张开（揭）；热邪偏胜，嘴唇就会干裂；燥邪偏胜，嘴唇就会干燥；气机郁结，就会生疮；血少，嘴唇就会惨白而无血色。上唇内有白点，是虫蚀上部；下唇内有白点，是虫蚀下部。兰唇（一种严重的唇部疾病，表现为嘴唇紧缩变小，不能开合），导致饮食无法进入，如果不紧急治疗就会死亡，切勿忽视，切勿忽视。
泻胃汤：治疗嘴唇肿胀、干燥干裂、便秘、烦躁口渴。
葛根、桔梗、桔壳（各二钱）、大黄（三钱）、前胡、杏仁（各一钱）。
用水煎煮，饭后服用。
又一方：治疗嘴唇不滋润。
生地、当归、天门冬、麦门冬、黄芩（各二钱）、升麻（六分）。
用水煎煮，饭后服用。
又一方：治疗嘴唇生白点。
芜荑（炒制）、干漆（炒至烟尽，各等分）。
以上药物研为细末。每次服用五分，用滚开水调服。
又一方：治疗兰唇。
青皮（烧灰）、橄榄（烧灰，各等分）。
以上药物混合均匀，用猪脂调和后涂抹患处。
又一方：治疗补缺唇舌。
鲜蟹（烧灰五钱）、乳香（五分）、没药（四分）。
以上药物研为极细末。涂抹患处即可生肉。
（吐血、便血、尿血、血汗、血潜、鼻血、五窍出血）
血液是水谷精微所化。在脾运化，在心生成，在肝贮藏，在肺布散，在肾施泄。善于调养的人不会妄自劳累，那么血液在体内的运行就没有一刻停止，自然肌肤润泽、筋脉和畅，会有什么疾病呢？后辈年轻人倚仗身体强壮，放纵情欲饮酒色欲；而贫穷劳苦之人，又没有闲暇爱惜自己，跋涉远方、背负重物，奔波于衣食生计，没有日夜安宁的时刻，怎么能不损伤血液呢？损伤在上部，则胸膈疼痛；损伤在中部，则两胁及中脘疼痛；损伤在下部，则小腹痛。由此吐血、衄血（鼻出血）、便血、尿血等疾病就发作了。夫吐血与衄血没有本质区别，只是所涉及的经脉不同，但归根结底都与脾有关。脾能统摄血液，但不能使血液不向上逆行。如果胃火上蒸，血液就从口出；肺火上腾，血液就从鼻出。然而有轻重的差别。衄血如果太严重，开始时的表现与吐血无异，如果不严重就不必担忧。至于吐血，虽然看起来不严重，但实际上值得畏惧。用药的人怎么可以混淆施用呢？夫吐血固然比衄血严重，但就吐血而言，也有轻重之分。如咯出一块血的，是胃口之血，其来源较近；痰中带血，血色如玛瑙结成块的，也是胃口之血，其来源也较近。这两种情况势头似乎可畏，但还可以调理。治法应当任其自然排出，还要看血色不鲜艳的，是旧血，不要用药物强行止血。血色鲜艳的，是新血，积聚的必然不多，适宜用药物止血。因为旧血终究不能回归经脉，如果不任其自然排出，等到病情加重；新血终究应当回归经脉，如果流出过多，就会损害人体。所以适宜用药物止血，以引导血液回归经脉。这些都可以经过调理而痊愈。如果在痰中看到带血，或者只是一点小，或者只是一丝细，从势头看似乎不可怕，但病根反而深。这种血不是胃口之血，而是从肺脏中来。这是因为肺脏被虚火逼迫，血液随痰而出。为什么量少呢？因为肺脏以气为主，本来多气而少血，所以流出的也少。肺脏之血本少，又被火逼迫而出，就会导致肺干枯，从而无法统领一身之气，危害难道不大吗？至于五窍出血的情况，势如潮涌，耳目口鼻一齐逆流出血，药物来不及煎煮，针灸来不及施行，顷刻间就会死亡。这是血症中最极端的状况。医生怎么能没有紧急救治的方法呢？如果血液渗入肠间，从下部而出，就是肠风、脏毒、溺血，这些病容易治疗，不像上焦之血那样危急。又有从汗孔而出的，称为肌衄；从舌而出的，称为舌衄；从委中穴而出的，称为 血（此处原文可能有缺字或通假，通常指特定部位出血，依原文保留），都有治疗方法。各种出血症，如果身热脉大的，难治，这是火邪热盛的表现；身凉脉静的，易治，这是正气恢复的表现。治法方面，未见血时，宜消宜和；既见血时，宜凉宜止。旧血未尽，则化解瘀血；新血未复，则补益血液。根据病情的轻重，采取缓急不同的施治方法，就没有不中的了。至于妇人崩漏、女子月经，自有专门科目记载，此处不再赘述。
The lips all belong to the Spleen. When the Spleen is invaded by pathogenic factors, diseases of the lips occur. If Wind pathogen prevails, the lips will tremble; if Cold prevails, the lips will gape open; if Heat prevails, the lips will crack and dry; if Dryness prevails, the lips will be dry; if Qi stagnation occurs, sores will generate; if Blood is deficient, the lips will appear pale and colorless. White spots inside the upper lip indicate worms eroding the upper part; white spots inside the lower lip indicate worms eroding the lower part. Lan Chuan (a severe condition characterized by tight, small lips unable to open or close) prevents eating and drinking; if not treated urgently, it leads to death. Do not neglect this. Do not neglect this.
Xie Wei Tang (Drain Stomach Decoction): Treats swollen, dry, cracked lips, constipation, irritability, and thirst.
Ge Gen (Puerariae Radix), Jie Geng (Platycodonis Radix), Jiao Ke (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium - aged tangerine peel), Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) [3 qian], Qian Hu (Peucedani Radix), Xing Ren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) [1 qian each].
Decoct in water and take after meals.
Another prescription: Treats non-moisturized lips.
Sheng Di (Rehmanniae Radix), Dang Gui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Tian Men Dong (Asparagi Radix), Mai Men Dong (Ophiopogonis Radix), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) [2 qian each], Sheng Ma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) [6 fen].
Decoct in water and take after meals.
Another prescription: Treats white spots on the lips.
Wu Yi (Chukangia Fructus) (stir-fried), Gan Xi (Resina Ferulae) (stir-fried until smoke ceases), equal parts.
Grind into fine powder. Take 5 fen each time, mixed with boiling water.
Another prescription: Treats Lan Chuan.
Qing Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride) (burned to ash), Gan Lan (Canarii Fructus) (burned to ash), equal parts.
Mix evenly and apply with lard (Porcini Adeps).
Another prescription: Treats cleft lip and tongue repair.
Xian Xie (Fresh Crab) (burned to ash, 5 qian), Ru Xiang (Boswelliae Resina) (5 fen), Mo Yao (Myrrhae Resina) (4 fen).
Grind into extremely fine powder. Apply to the site to promote flesh regeneration.
(Hematemesis, Hematochezia, Hematuria, Hemohidrosis, Occult Blood, Epistaxis, Bleeding from Five Orifices)
Blood is refined from food and drink. It is transformed by the Spleen, generated by the Heart, stored in the Liver, distributed by the Lung, and administered by the Kidney. Those who manage their health well do not overexert themselves, allowing blood circulation to cease not even for an instant, resulting naturally in moist skin and smooth meridians, leaving no room for disease. Young people relying on their vigor indulge in alcohol and lust; while the poor and laborious have no time to cherish themselves, traveling far, bearing heavy loads, and rushing for livelihood without day or night rest. How can they not injure their blood? Injury in the upper jiao causes chest and diaphragm pain; injury in the middle jiao causes pain in the hypochondrium and Zhongwan; injury in the lower jiao causes lower abdominal pain. Thus, diseases such as hematemesis, epistaxis, hematochezia, and hematuria arise. Hematemesis and epistaxis are essentially similar, differing only in the meridians involved, but ultimately both relate to the Spleen. The Spleen controls blood containment but cannot prevent upward rebellion of blood. If Stomach Fire steams upward, blood exits from the mouth; if Lung Fire rises upward, blood exits from the nose. However, there are differences in severity. Severe epistaxis initially resembles hematemesis; mild cases need not be worried about. Hematemesis, though seemingly mild, is actually formidable. Physicians must not mix treatments indiscriminately. Although hematemesis is generally more severe than epistaxis, it also has degrees. Coughing up a clump of blood indicates bleeding from the stomach opening, originating nearby; blood in sputum resembling agate clumps also indicates bleeding from the stomach opening, originating nearby. Both seem formidable but are manageable. The treatment should allow natural expulsion, observing that dark-colored blood is old blood; do not stop it with medicine. Bright red blood is new blood, likely accumulated in small amounts; it is appropriate to stop it with medicine. Old blood does not return to the vessels; if not allowed to exit naturally, the condition may worsen. New blood should return to the vessels; if excessive loss occurs, it harms the body. Therefore, stopping it with medicine to guide blood back to the vessels is appropriate. These conditions can be cured through regulation. If blood appears in sputum, whether as a small dot or a thin thread, although the presentation seems harmless, the root cause is deeper. This blood does not come from the stomach but from the Lungs. It is forced out by deficiency fire. Why is the amount small? Because the Lung governs Qi and naturally contains much Qi but little Blood. Since Lung blood is scarce, forcing it out by fire leads to Lung dryness, impairing its ability to command Qi throughout the body. Is the harm not great? In cases of bleeding from the five orifices, the flow surges like a tide, with eyes, ears, mouth, and nose bleeding simultaneously. Medicine cannot be decocted in time, acupuncture needles cannot be applied in time, and death occurs in an instant. This is the extreme of blood disorders. How can physicians lack urgent treatment methods? If blood seeps into the intestines and exits from the lower orifice, it is termed Chang Feng (Intestinal Wind), Zang Du (Visceral Toxin), or hematuria; these are easier to treat compared to upper jiao bleeding. Bleeding from sweat pores is called Ji Nu (Skin Epistaxis); bleeding from the tongue is She Nu (Tongue Epistaxis); bleeding from Weizhong BL-40 is [specific type] bleeding. All have treatments. For various bleeding syndromes, if accompanied by fever and large pulse, prognosis is poor due to excess heat-fire; if accompanied by cool body and quiet pulse, prognosis is good due to recovery of healthy Qi. Before bleeding occurs, treatment should focus on resolving and harmonizing; once bleeding occurs, treatment should focus on cooling and stopping. If old blood remains, resolve stasis; if new blood is deficient, tonify blood. Adjust urgency based on severity, and treatment will be effective. As for women’s metrorrhagia and menstrual irregularities, these are covered in their respective specialties and are not detailed here.