附子辛甘大热有大毒 为阳中之阳，故走而不守，入手太阳浮中沉无所不
至，非身表凉四肢厥，不可用。
四逆汤散阴寒；
姜附汤复阳虚；
附子汤补胃，加桂枝和表；
白通汤温里；
真武汤除湿。
凡十六方同用。
干姜辛温大热 其性止而不移，属阳，可升可降，补下焦虚寒，温手足厥
冷，同附子温里，共甘草复阳。
桃花汤补不足；
理中丸止吐利；
人参汤解表；
陷胸丸开结。
凡十七方同用。
吴茱萸辛温大热有小毒 入太阴厥阴之经，治阴毒下气最速，开腠理散寒通
关节和胃，仲景主食谷欲呕，杂证治心腹绞痛。
细辛辛温 入少阴厥阴之经，主咳逆头痛下气，安五脏，破痰利水。
小青龙行水润燥；
乌梅丸温藏散寒；
四逆汤治内有久寒；
附子汤温少阴之气。
凡四方同用。
大黄苦寒 名号将军，夺壅滞去陈垢荡涤。
大承气攻短气腹满而喘；
小承气微和胃气，勿令大泄；
调胃承气治蒸蒸发热；
桃核承气下小腹急结；
陷胸汤下结热；
抵当汤逐瘀血；
泻心汤攻痞；
麻仁丸润肠。
凡十四方同用。
芒硝咸寒 伐伤寒大热，治关节不通，利大小便，除肠胃垢，佐大黄攻实
满，同甘草陷结胸。
枳实苦酸寒 有疏通决泄之功，破结消坚之效，解伤寒痞结，除胸胁痰癖。
大柴胡扶阴；
四逆散散热和胃，汤中麸炒开结，散内生宜。
凡六方同用。
浓朴苦温 苦以泻满，温以补胃，主伤寒头痛，散积冷逆气。
人参汤泄腹满；
麻仁丸下燥结；
伤寒大满大实，非承气无以攻下，承气有芒硝之峻，非枳朴无以泄气而
安胃。
凡六方同用。
附子，味辛、甘，性大热，有大毒。它属于阳中之阳，因此药性走窜而不固守，能通达手太阳经的浮、中、沉三部，无处不到。除非患者出现体表发凉、四肢厥冷的症状，否则不可使用。
四逆汤用于驱散阴寒；
姜附汤用于恢复阳气虚损；
附子汤用于补益胃气，若加入桂枝则可调和表邪；
白通汤用于温煦里寒；
真武汤用于祛除湿气。
以上共十六首方剂同用附子。
干姜，味辛，性温而大热。其药性静止而不游走，属阳，既可升提又可下降，能补益下焦的虚寒，温暖手足厥冷，与附子配合可温煦里寒，与甘草配合可恢复阳气。
桃花汤用于补益不足；
理中丸用于止住呕吐和腹泻；
人参汤用于解除表邪（注：此处原文“解表”在理中汤语境下通常指通过温中达到扶正祛邪或针对特定表里同病情况，依原文直译）；
陷胸丸用于开通结滞。
以上共十七首方剂同用干姜。
吴茱萸，味辛，性温而大热，有小毒。它进入太阴经和厥阴经，治疗阴毒之气下行最快，能开泄腠理、散寒、通利关节、调和胃气。张仲景常用它治疗进食后想呕吐的症状，在治疗杂病时则用于处理心腹部的绞痛。
细辛，味辛，性温。它进入少阴经和厥阴经，主要治疗咳嗽气逆、头痛、降气，能安定五脏，破除痰饮、利水消肿。
小青龙汤用于行水并滋润燥邪；
乌梅丸用于温补脏腑、散除寒邪；
四逆汤用于治疗体内有久寒的情况；
附子汤用于温煦少阴经的气机。
以上共四方同用吴茱萸和细辛（注：原文结构暗示这些方剂共用这两味药或在此类证候中使用）。
大黄，味苦，性寒，号称“将军”，能攻夺壅滞，去除陈旧的污垢，荡涤肠胃。
大承气汤用于攻治呼吸短促、腹部胀满且喘息的症状；
小承气汤用于轻微调和胃气，不让大便过度泄泻；
调胃承气汤用于治疗像蒸蒸发热一样的内热；
桃核承气汤用于攻下小腹部的急迫结块；
陷胸汤用于攻下结聚的热邪；
抵当汤用于驱逐瘀血；
泻心汤用于攻治痞塞；
麻仁丸用于润肠通便。
以上共十四首方剂同用大黄。
芒硝，味咸，性寒。它能挫败伤寒引起的大热，治疗关节不通畅，通利大小便，清除肠胃的垢浊，辅助大黄攻治实性胀满，与甘草配合可治疗结胸证。
枳实，味苦、酸，性寒。具有疏通决泄的功效，能破除结滞、消除坚积，解除伤寒引起的痞结，清除胸胁部的痰癖。
大柴胡汤用于扶持阴气（注：此处依原文直译，大柴胡通常和解少阳内泻热结，原文“扶阴”可能指特定语境或版本差异，依原文保留）；
四逆散用于散热、调和胃气，若在汤剂中使用麸炒过的枳实，可开通结滞，疏散内生之宜（注：“散内生宜”疑为“散内生郁”或类似含义之误，依原文直译）。
以上共六首方剂同用芒硝和枳实。
浓朴，味苦，性温。苦味能泻除胀满，温性能补益胃气，主要治疗伤寒引起的头痛，散除积冷和逆乱之气。
人参汤用于泄除腹部胀满；
麻仁丸用于攻下燥结。
对于伤寒导致的大满大实证，非承气汤不能攻下；承气汤中有芒硝的药力峻猛，若无枳实和浓朴，就无法泄除气机从而安和胃气。
以上共六首方剂同用浓朴。
Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), acrid and sweet in flavor, extremely hot in nature, possesses great toxicity. As the "yang within yang," its action is mobile rather than static, penetrating all levels (superficial, middle, deep) of the Hand-Taiyang channel without restriction. It should not be used unless the patient presents with coolness on the body surface and cold extremities (Jue).
Si Ni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) disperses yin-cold;
Jiang Fu Tang (Ginger and Aconite Decoction) restores yang deficiency;
Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) tonifies the stomach; when combined with Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction), it harmonizes the exterior;
Bai Tong Tang (White Pass Decoction) warms the interior;
Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) eliminates dampness.
Sixteen formulas in total utilize Fuzi.
Ganjiang (Dried Ginger Rhizome), acrid and warm-extremely hot, has a static nature that does not wander. It belongs to yang, capable of ascending and descending, tonifying deficiency-cold in the lower jiao, warming cold extremities, working with Fuzi to warm the interior, and working with Gancao (Licorice Root) to restore yang.
Taohua Tang (Peach Blossom Decoction) tonifies insufficiency;
Lizhong Wan (Regulate the Middle Pill) stops vomiting and diarrhea;
Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) resolves the exterior;
Xianxiong Wan (Chest Trap Pill) opens stagnation.
Seventeen formulas in total utilize Ganjiang.
Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus), acrid and warm-extremely hot, possesses slight toxicity. It enters the Taiyin and Jueyin channels, acting most rapidly to direct downward rebellious yin-toxic qi, opening the cou li (skin pores), dispersing cold, unblocking joints, and harmonizing the stomach. Zhang Zhongjing primarily uses it for vomiting desire after eating food, and in treating miscellaneous diseases for heart and abdominal cramping pain.
Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), acrid and warm, enters the Shaoyin and Jueyin channels. It primarily treats cough with reverse flow of qi, headache, directs qi downward, calms the five zang organs, breaks phlegm, and promotes urination.
Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) moves water and moistens dryness;
Wumei Wan (Mume Pill) warms the viscera and disperses cold;
Si Ni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) treats chronic internal cold;
Fuzi Tang (Aconite Decoction) warms the qi of the Shaoyin channel.
Four formulas in total utilize these herbs.
Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), bitter and cold, is nicknamed the "General." It overcomes stagnation, removes old filth, and purges the bowels.
Da Chengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) attacks shortness of breath, abdominal fullness, and wheezing;
Xiao Chengqi Tang (Minor Order the Qi Decoction) slightly harmonizes stomach qi, preventing severe purgation;
Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach Order the Qi Decoction) treats steaming-hot fever;
Taoren Chengqi Tang (Pit Order the Qi Decoction) purges acute binding in the lower abdomen;
Xianxiong Tang (Chest Trap Decoction) purges bound heat;
Didang Tang (Reach the Blood Pool Decoction) expels blood stasis;
Xiexin Tang (Drain the Epigastrium Decoction) attacks palpitations/fullness (pi);
Maren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill) moistens the intestines.
Fourteen formulas in total utilize Dahuang.
Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), salty and cold, subdues the high fever of Shanghan (Cold Damage), treats joint obstruction, benefits urination and defecation, removes intestinal filth, assists Dahuang in attacking excess fullness, and works with Gancao (Licorice Root) to treat chest binding.
Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), bitter and sour, cold, possesses the function of unblocking and draining, breaking binding and eliminating hardness, resolving shanghan-related pi (fullness/stagnation), and removing phlegm-pi in the chest and hypochondrium.
Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) supports yin;
Sini San (Four Reversal Powder) dissipates heat and harmonizes the stomach. When used in decoctions, bran-fried Zhishi opens binding and disperses internal stagnation.
Six formulas in total utilize Mangxiao and Zhishi.
Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex), bitter and warm. Bitterness drains fullness, while warmth tonifies the stomach. It primarily treats headache caused by shanghan, and disperses accumulated cold and rebellious qi.
Renshen Tang (Ginseng Decoction) drains abdominal fullness;
Maren Wan (Hemp Seed Pill) purges dry binding.
In cases of shanghan presenting with extreme fullness and excess, only Chengqi formulas can purge downwards. Since Chengqi formulas contain the harsh action of Mangxiao, without Zhishi and Houpo, one cannot drain qi to calm the stomach.
Six formulas in total utilize Houpo.