If delivery occurs before the gestational period is complete and the fetal Qi (vital energy) has not fully matured, it is termed Ban Chan (spontaneous abortion). This is generally due to deficiency of Qi in the Chong and Ren vessels in the pregnant woman, which fails to nourish the fetus, leading to instability of fetal Qi. It may also result from falls, bumps, sprains, or drops that damage and disturb Qi and Blood, or from febrile diseases such as warm malaria. All these can cause spontaneous abortion and must not be taken lightly; convalescence requires ten times the care of a normal delivery. Xue Lizhai stated: "Spontaneous abortion is more severe than term delivery. Term delivery is like a ripe chestnut falling naturally, whereas spontaneous abortion is like picking it unripe, breaking its shell and severing its root." However, many people neglect this and die as a result. The treatment method should focus on tonifying Zang-Fu organ Qi, generating new Blood, and removing Blood stasis. If delivery is threatened before full term with abdominal pain, Xiong Gui Bu Zhong Tang (Cnidium and Angelica Decoction to Tonify the Middle) with added Zhi Mu (Anemarrhena Rhizome) should be used to stop it. If bleeding continues after delivery, Renshen Huangqi Tang (Ginseng and Astragalus Decoction) should be used to tonify. If there is heart and abdominal pain after delivery, Danggui Chuanxiong Tang (Angelica and Ligusticum Decoction) is indicated. For spontaneous abortion due to weak fetal Qi, Bazhen Tang (Eight Treasure Decoction) is used to consolidate. If there is excessive bleeding accompanied by fever, Shengyu Tang (Supreme Healing Decoction) is used. If sweating continues uncontrollably, Dushen Tang (Single Ginseng Decoction) should be used urgently. If there is fever, irritability, intense thirst, red face, and a洪大 (surging and large) yet empty pulse, Danggui Buxue Tang (Angelica Tonifying Blood Decoction) is indicated. If there is body heat, red face, and a deep and faint pulse, Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) with Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) and Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) is used. Danxi said: "Deficiency and damage of Qi and Blood fail to nourish the fetus, causing it to fall spontaneously. Tracing to the root, this is because fire-heat consumes things, which is the natural order of creation. 'Bing Yuan' attributes uterine prolapse to wind-cold injuring the Zi Zang (uterus), which misses the true nature of the condition." I observed a Mrs. Jia who inevitably miscarried around three months of pregnancy. Her pulse was large and powerless on the left hand, and choppy upon heavy pressure, indicating Blood deficiency. As she was young, I only tonified Middle Qi so that Blood would naturally flourish. It was early summer, so I taught her to brew Baizhu Tang (Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction) thickly and take one Qian of Huangqin (Scutellaria Root) powder. After taking 30-40 doses, she successfully preserved the pregnancy. Another woman in her thirties always miscarried. Observing her irritable and angry temperament, dark complexion, and solid Qi, I determined this was due to excessive Minister Fire failing to generate Qi and instead consuming Qi and damaging Essence. Therefore, I prescribed Huangqin, Baizhu, Danggui, and Gancao, starting from the second month until the end of the third month, after which she gave birth to a son.

Jisheng Xiong Gui Bu Zhong Tang
Treats spontaneous abortion caused by weak Qi and Blood during pregnancy, which fail to protect and nourish. Taking this formula ensures safety. Frequent miscarriage in early pregnancy, if untreated, leads to infertility.
Xiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Wuweizi (Schisandra Fruit), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried with clam powder, each 1 Qian), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, honey-fried), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, wine-soaked), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome, each 1.5 Qian), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 0.7 Qian), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex, coarse skin removed, stir-fried to remove silk threads, 1 Qian), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root, each 0.5 Qian).
One variation adds Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 0.8 Qian); remove if there is fire-heat. Take all ingredients as one dose, decoct in two Zhong of water until one Zhong remains. Take at any time.

Ejiao Tang
Treats recurrent miscarriage with unbearable abdominal pain.
Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried until bead-like), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, baked), Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, slightly stir-fried), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, baked), Duzhong (Eucommiae Cortex, coarse skin removed, roasted, each 1.5 Qian), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, 0.8 Qian).
Decoct in one and a half Zhong of water until seven parts remain. Take warm. Generally, treatment should consider which meridian corresponds to the current month and treat accordingly to nurture the fetus.

Renshen Huangqi Tang
Treats postpartum Qi deficiency with continuous bleeding.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, roasted), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizome, stir-fried), Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, stir-fried), Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, each 1 Qian), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried, 2 Qian).
Take as one dose, decoct in water and drink.

Longgu San
Treats continuous bleeding during pregnancy.
Longgu (Fossilized Bones), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, each 5 Qian), Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, 3 Qian), Diyuyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, stir-fried), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix), Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, each 4 Qian), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen, 3 Qian), Niujiaoshan (Buffalo Horn Scale, roasted until charred, 6 Qian).
Grind all into fine powder. Take 3 Qian per dose, mixed with rice water before meals.

Qianjin Formula for Stopping Bleeding After Miscarriage:
Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, fresh juice, one small cup) mixed with Daizheshi (Haematitum, 1 Qian powder). Take three times daily.

Another Formula
Treats continuous bleeding and abdominal pain.
Ejiao (Donkey-Hide Gelatin, 1 Liang stir-fried), Aiye (Artemisiae Argyi Folium, 0.5 Liang).
Decoct in one large cup of water until six parts remain. Strain and take on an empty stomach.

Another Formula
Treats continuous bleeding and pain, also treats urinary incontinence.
Jialing (Chicken Feather, burnt to ash, finely ground). Take 2 Qian with warm wine. Repeat after a short while until effective.

Honglan Hua San
Treats retained blood after miscarriage causing rushing sensation to the heart, suffocation, unconsciousness, and loss of awareness.
Honglan (Stir-fried slightly), Nanrenfa (Human Hair, burnt to retain properties), Jingmo (Beijing Ink, burnt red), Xuexie (Daemonorops Draco Resin, ground), Puhuang (Typhae Pollen, stir-fried through paper, equal parts).
Grind into fine powder. Mix 2 Qian with a small half cup of child's urine. Take immediately for effect.

Lujiao San
Treats incomplete expulsion of blood after miscarriage, causing irritability, fullness, mania, dizziness, and alternating chills and fever.
Lujiaoxie (Deer Antler Scraps, 1 Liang, stir-fried and powdered).
Decoct Douchi (Fermented Soybeans, 1 He) in one large bowl of water until six parts remain. Divide into three doses. Mix with 2 Qian of Deer Antler Powder. Take three times daily.

Danggui Tang
Treats retention of placenta after miscarriage.
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, stir-fried), Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix, wine-soaked and baked, each 1.5 Qian), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis, 1.5 Qian), Huashi (Talcum, ground, 2 Qian), Dongkuizi (Malvae Semen, stir-fried, 2 Qian), Qumaisui (Persicariae Herba, 1 Qian).
Decoct in one large cup of water until seven parts remain. Take warm. If not expelled, take again.

Another Formula
Wash the face with water, add a little vinegar. Miraculous effect.

Danggui Chuanxiong Tang
Treats heart and abdominal pain or fever with aversion to cold after spontaneous abortion.
Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata), Baishaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, stir-fried), Honghua (Carthami Flos), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Qingpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Viride), Yanshusuo (Corydalis Rhizoma, stir-fried), Zelan (Leonuri Herba), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), Taoren (Persicae Semen, equal parts).
Decoct in water. Add a small cup of child's urine and wine. Take warm.
If pressing the abdomen increases pain, this is Blood stasis. Use this formula or Shixiao San (Formula see Blood Syncope). If pressing does not increase pain, this is Blood deficiency. Use Siwu Tang plus Renshen, Fuling, and Baizhu. If pain is accompanied by vomiting, this is Stomach deficiency. Use Liujunzi Tang.

Danggui Buxue Tang (Formula see Deficient Heat with Irritability).

Shengyu Tang
Treats post-miscarriage Blood deficiency causing irritability, restlessness in sleep, or five-palm heat.
Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, steamed in wine for half a day), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix, wine-soaked), Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome), Renshen (Ginseng Radix, each 1 Qian), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, wine-soaked), Huangqi (Astragali Radix, roasted, each 0.8 Qian).
Decoct in water and drink.