《内经》曰∶苍天之气，清净则志意治，顺之则阳气固，虽有贼邪，弗能害也。又曰∶
冬不藏精者，春必病瘟。是以多感于房劳辛苦之人，安乐者未之有也，俗名瘟病。《杂着》
云∶冬温为病，此乃天时不正，阳气反泄，药忌温热。时行寒疫，却在温暖之时，时本温暖
而寒，反为病。此亦天时不正，阴气反逆，药忌寒凉。又云∶此病多发于春夏，一概相同者，
此天地之厉气，当参运气而施治也。
东垣云∶阳明邪热太甚，资实少阳相火而为之，视其肿势在何部，随经治之。当缓，勿
令重剂过其病所。阳明为邪，首大肿；少阳为邪，出于耳前后。先以酒炒芩、连、炙甘草煎，
少少不住服，再用大黄、鼠粘子煎，入芒硝等分，时时呷之，毋令饮食在后。及邪气已，只
服前药，未已，再煎，次第服之，取大便，邪气已，即止。阳明渴加石膏；少阳渴加瓜蒌根；
阳明行经升麻、芍药、葛根、甘草；太阳行经羌活
十神汤 治时令不正，瘟疫妄行。
升麻葛根汤 治大人小儿时气瘟疫，头痛发热。
柴胡升麻汤 治时行瘟疫，壮热恶风，头痛体疼，鼻塞咽干，咳嗽，涕唾稠粘。（方见
伤寒
小柴胡汤 治瘟疫内虚，发热，胸胁痞闷。渴加瓜蒌仁。（方见血门。）
竹叶石膏汤 伤寒时气，表里俱虚，遍身发热，心胸烦闷，得汗已解，内无津液，虚羸
少气，欲吐。（方见暑门。）
大青丸 治时行瘟疫发热，并劳役发热，上膈一切结热，神效。
薄荷 甘草 栀子 黄芩 黄连（各三钱） 大黄（八钱） 玄明粉，连翘（各六钱）
上为细末，用青蒿自然汁为丸如绿豆大，用雄黄为衣。治杂病发热者，朱砂、青黛为衣。
每服五六十丸，白滚汤送下。
黄连鲜毒汤 治时疫三日已汗解，或因饮酒复剧，若烦闷，干呕，口燥，呻吟，错语不
睡。（方见眼目门。）
荆防败毒散（《蕴要》方）
独活 前胡 人参 茯苓 川芎 枳壳 桔梗 甘草 荆芥 牛蒡子 薄荷（各一钱）
防风（一钱半） 羌活（一钱）
上 咀。水煎服。如内热加黄芩一钱；口渴加天花粉一钱。
四君子汤、四物汤（俱见补损门） 补中益气汤（方见内伤门。）
《黄帝内经》说：上天的气候，如果清净平和，人的意志就会安定；顺应这种气候，阳气就会固密，即使有贼邪之气，也不能伤害人体。又说：冬天没有藏精的人，春天必定会患瘟病。因此，这类病多发生在房事过度、辛勤劳苦的人身上，安乐享福的人很少得此病，俗称瘟病。《杂着》中说：冬温之病，这是由于天时不正，阳气反而外泄所致，用药忌讳温热。时行寒疫，却发生在温暖的时候，本来天气温暖却突然变冷，反而致病。这也是天时不正，阴气反而逆乱，用药忌讳寒凉。又说：这类病多在春夏季节多发，症状大体相同，这是天地间的厉气，治疗时应当参考五运六气的变化来施治。
李东垣说：阳明经邪热太盛，资助了少阳相火而发病，要观察肿胀部位在何处，顺着经络进行治疗。治疗应当缓和，不要用重剂药力超过病变部位。如果是阳明经受邪，头部首先肿大；如果是少阳经受邪，肿胀出现在耳朵前后。先用酒炒的黄芩、黄连和炙甘草煎汤，少量多次不间断服用，然后再用大黄、牛蒡子煎汤，加入等分的芒硝，时时小口饮用，不要让饮食落在后面。等到邪气已去，只服用前面的药（黄芩、黄连、甘草），如果病未痊愈，再煎服，依次服用，以通大便为度，邪气去除后即停药。如果阳明经受邪出现口渴，加石膏；少阳经受邪出现口渴，加瓜蒌根；治疗阳明经行经之邪，用升麻、芍药、葛根、甘草；治疗太阳经行经之邪，用羌活。
十神汤：治疗时令不正，瘟疫妄行。
升麻葛根汤：治疗大人小儿时气瘟疫，头痛发热。
柴胡升麻汤：治疗时行瘟疫，壮热恶风，头痛体疼，鼻塞咽干，咳嗽，涕唾稠粘。（方剂见伤寒门）
小柴胡汤：治疗瘟疫内虚，发热，胸胁痞闷。口渴加瓜蒌仁。（方剂见血门）
竹叶石膏汤：治疗伤寒时气，表里俱虚，遍身发热，心胸烦闷，得汗后病解，但体内无津液，身体虚弱消瘦，气短，想吐。（方剂见暑门）
大青丸：治疗时行瘟疫发热，以及劳役发热，上膈一切结热，效果神奇。
组成：薄荷、甘草、栀子、黄芩、黄连（各三钱），大黄（八钱），玄明粉、连翘（各六钱）。
将上述药材研为细末，用青蒿自然汁制作成如绿豆大小的丸药，用雄黄做外衣。治疗杂病发热者，用朱砂、青黛做外衣。每次服用五六十丸，用白开水送下。
黄连鲜毒汤：治疗时疫三天已经发汗解表，或因饮酒病情加重，出现烦闷，干呕，口燥，呻吟，胡言乱语，无法入睡。（方剂见眼目门）
荆防败毒散（出自《医学蕴要》方）
组成：独活、前胡、人参、茯苓、川芎、枳壳、桔梗、甘草、荆芥、牛蒡子、薄荷（各一钱），防风（一钱半），羌活（一钱）。
将药材切碎。用水煎服。如果内热加黄芩一钱；口渴加天花粉一钱。
四君子汤、四物汤（均见补损门）：补中益气汤（方剂见内伤门）。
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: When the Qi of Heaven is clear and peaceful, one's will and intention are regulated; complying with this, Yang Qi becomes solid. Even if there are pathogenic evils, they cannot cause harm. It also states: Those who do not store Essence during winter will inevitably suffer from plague in spring. Therefore, this disease is mostly contracted by those who engage in excessive sexual activity or hard labor; it is rarely seen in those living in comfort and ease. In common parlance, it is called "plague disease."
*Zazhuo* (Miscellaneous Writings) says: The disease of Winter Warmth arises because the weather is abnormal, causing Yang Qi to leak out abnormally; thus, medicinal treatments should avoid hot and warm properties. The "seasonal cold epidemic" occurs during warm periods when the naturally warm weather turns cold due to abnormal weather conditions, leading to illness caused by the counter-rebellion of Yin Qi; thus, medicinal treatments should avoid cold and cool properties. It further states: This disease often occurs in spring and summer with generally similar symptoms. This is the "miasma Qi" of heaven and earth; treatment should be administered by referring to the patterns of Five Movements and Six Qi (Wu Yun Liu Qi).
Li Dongyuan stated: When pathogenic heat in the Yangming channel is excessive, it fuels the Ministerial Fire of Shaoyang. One must observe which part is swollen and treat according to the affected channel. Treatment should be gentle; do not use heavy doses that exceed the extent of the disease. If Yangming is affected, swelling begins at the head; if Shaoyang is affected, swelling appears around the ears. First, decoct Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) fried in wine, along with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata (Zhigancao), and take small amounts continuously. Then, decoct Rheum Palmatum (Dahuang) and Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi), adding equal parts of Natrii Sulfas (Mangxiao), and sip frequently, ensuring no food intake lags behind. Once the pathogen has cleared, continue taking only the first prescription (Scutellariae Radix, Coptidis Rhizoma, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma Preparata); if the disease persists, decoct again and administer sequentially until bowel movements occur. Stop once the pathogen is expelled. If thirst occurs in Yangming, add Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao); if thirst occurs in Shaoyang, add Trichosanthis Radix (Gualougen). For treating pathogenic invasion along the Yangming channel, use Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao); for the Taiyang channel, use Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo).
**Shishen Tang** (Ten-God Decoction): Treats abnormalities of seasonal climate and rampant plague.
**Shengma Gegen Tang** (Cimicifuga and Kudzu Root Decoction): Treats seasonal qi plague in adults and children, presenting with headache and fever.
**Chaihu Shengma Tang** (Bupleurum and Cimicifuga Decoction): Treats seasonal plague with high fever, aversion to wind, headache, body pain, nasal congestion, dry throat, cough, and thick sticky sputum. (Formula see Section on Cold Damage)
**Xiaochaihu Tang** (Minor Bupleurum Decoction): Treats internal deficiency in plague with fever and chest/hypochondriac fullness. Add Trichosanthis Semen (Gualouren) for thirst. (Formula see Section on Blood)
**Zhuye Shigao Tang** (Phyllostachys Folium and Gypsum Decoction): Treats cold damage and seasonal qi with exterior and interior deficiency, generalized fever, mental restlessness in the chest and heart. After sweating resolves the exterior, but with no fluids remaining internally, leading to emaciation, shortness of breath, and nausea. (Formula see Section on Summerheat)
**Daqing Wan** (Great Cyan Pill): Treats fever from seasonal plague and fatigue-induced fever, as well as all heat accumulation in the upper jiao; highly effective.
Ingredients: Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) (each 3 qian); Rheum Palmatum (Dahuang) (8 qian); Natrii Sulfas (Xuanmingfen), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao) (each 6 qian).
Grind into fine powder. Use fresh juice of Artemisia annua Qinghao as a binder to form pills the size of mung beans. Coat with Realgar (Xionghuang). For fever from miscellaneous diseases, coat with Cinnabar (Zhusha) and Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai). Take 50-60 pills each time, washed down with plain boiled water.
**Huanglian Xiandu Tang** (Coptitis Fresh Poison-Clearing Decoction): Treats plague where sweating has resolved the condition after three days, but worsens due to alcohol consumption, presenting with restlessness, dry retching, dry mouth, groaning, delirious speech, and insomnia. (Formula see Section on Eyes)
**Jingfang Baidu San** (Atractylodes and Saposhnikovia Powder to Release the Exterior) (Formula from *Yunyao*):
Ingredients: Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Duohuo), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu), Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Poria (Fuling), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong), Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhike), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe) (each 1 qian); Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) (1.5 qian); Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) (1 qian).
Cut the herbs. Decoct in water and take orally. Add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) 1 qian for internal heat; add Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen) 1 qian for thirst.
**Sijunzi Tang** (Four Gentlemen Decoction) and **Sini Tang** (Note: Text says Siwu Tang, Four Substances Decoction) (Both see Section on Tonifying Deficiency): **Buzhong Yiqi Tang** (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) (Formula see Section on Internal Injury).