伤寒传变大法，已详《伤寒论注》及《心法要诀》中矣。然近世治四时伤寒者，咸
用河间两解等法，每多神效，诚治斯证之捷法也。今复采双解散。防风通圣散诸经验名
方，编为歌诀，附于心法之后，俾后之学人，知所变通，庶几于伤寒一证，经权常变，有
所遵循，而无遗法云。
双解通圣合六一，四时温热正伤寒，两许为剂葱姜豉，汗下兼行表里宣，强者加倍
弱减半，不解连进自然安，若因汗少麻倍入，便硬硝黄加倍添。
【注】名曰双解散者，以其能发表攻里，即防风通圣散、六一散二方合剂也。河间制
此，解利四时冬温春温，夏热秋热，正令伤寒。凡邪在三阳表里不解者，以两许为剂，加
葱、姜、淡豆豉煎服之，候汗下兼行，表里即解。形气强者，两半为剂，形气弱者，五
钱为剂。若初服因汗少不解，则为表实，倍加麻黄以汗之。因便硬不解，则为里实，倍
加硝黄以下之，连进二、三服；必令汗出下利而解也。今人不知其妙，以河间过用寒凉，
仲景伤寒初无下法，弃而不用，深可惜也。不知其法神捷，莫不应手取效，从无寒中痞结
之变，即有一、二不解者，非未尽法之善，则必已传阳明，故不解也。防风通圣散详在
后。
汗下已通仍不解，皆因不彻已传经，内热烦渴甘露饮，甚用白虎解毒清，有表热烦
柴葛解，表实大热三黄宁，里热尿赤凉天水，胃实不便大柴承。
【注】服双解散，汗下已通而仍不解者，皆因汗之彻，或已传经治之不及也。若表已
解而里有微热烦渴者，用桂苓甘露饮，以和太阳之里。若内热太甚，大热、大烦、大渴
者，用白虎汤合黄连解毒汤，以清阳明之里。若表未解又传阳明，身热而烦，用柴葛解肌
汤，以解两阳之邪。若表实无汗，大热而烦，用三黄石膏汤以清表里之热。若里有热，尿
赤而涩者，用凉膈散合天水散以清利之。若胃实潮热不大便有微表者，用大柴胡汤下之。
无表者三承气汤下之。桂苓甘露饮、白虎汤、大柴胡汤、三承气汤，已详伤寒要诀。六一
散、凉膈散，详在《杂病要诀》。
防风通圣散
防风通圣治风热，郁在三焦表里中，气血不宣经络壅，栀翘芩薄草归芎，硝黄芍术
膏滑石，麻黄桔梗共防荆，利减硝黄呕姜半，自汗麻去桂枝增。
【注】此方治一切风火之邪，郁于三焦表里经络，气血不得宣通。初感发热头痛，肤
疹传经，斑黄抽搐，烦渴不眠，便秘尿涩，皆可服之，功效甚奇，用之自知其妙也。
柴葛解肌汤
四时合病在三阳，柴葛解肌柴葛羌，白芷桔芩膏芍草，利减石膏呕半姜。
【注】此方陶华所制，以代葛根汤。凡四时太阳、阳明、少阳合病轻证，均宜以此汤
增减治之，增减者，谓如无太阳证者，减羌活，无少阳证者，减柴胡也。即柴胡、葛根、
羌活、白芷、桔梗、赤芍、石膏、黄芩、甘草也。下利减石膏，以避里虚也。呕加半夏、
生姜，以降里逆也。
黄连解毒汤 栀子金花汤 三黄石膏汤
阳毒热极疹斑呕，烦渴呻吟谵语狂，下
后便软热不已，连芩栀柏解毒汤，里实便硬当攻下，栀子金花加大黄，表实膏麻葱豆豉，
下利除膏入葛良。
【注】阳毒热极等证，或下后便软，壮热不已，宜黄连解毒汤，即黄连、黄芩、黄柏、
栀子也。若里实便硬当攻下者，宜加大黄、名栀子金花汤。若表实无汗，当发汗者，宜加
石膏、麻黄、淡豆豉。葱白，名三黄石膏汤。下利者，减石膏加葛根，避里不实也。
消毒犀角饮
消毒犀角表疹斑，毒壅咽喉肿痛难，犀角牛蒡荆防草，热盛加薄翘芩连。
【注】消毒犀角饮，即消毒饮之防风、荆芥、牛蒡子。甘草、加犀角也，热盛加连翘、
薄荷、黄芩、黄连也。
消斑青黛饮
消斑青黛消斑毒，参虎柴犀栀地元，黄连热实减参去，苦酒加入大黄煎。
【注】消斑青黛饮，即青黛。参虎，谓人参白虎汤。即人参、石膏、知母、甘草，柴
胡、犀角、山栀、生地。元参、黄连，用苦酒与水煎也。热甚便实者，减去人参加大黄
可也。
普济消毒饮
普济大头天行病，无里邪热客高巅，芩连薄翘柴升桔，蚕草陈勃蒡蓝元。
【注】普济消毒饮，治天行传染，大头瘟疫，无里可下者，是其邪热客于高巅。即黄
芩、黄连、薄荷、连翘、柴胡、升麻、桔梗、僵蚕、甘草。陈皮、马勃、牛蒡子、板蓝根。
元参也。
连翘败毒散
连翘败毒散发颐，高肿 红痛可除，花粉连翘柴胡蒡，荆防升草桔羌独，红花苏木
芎归尾，肿面还加芷漏芦，肿坚皂刺穿山甲，便燥应添大黄疏。
【注】连翘败毒散，治时毒发颐，高肿 红疼痛之阳证也。即连翘、天花粉、柴胡、牛
蒡子、荆芥、防风、升麻，甘草、桔梗、羌活、独活、红花、苏木、川芎、归尾。两颐
连面皆肿，加白芷漏芦。肿坚不消，加皂刺、穿山甲。大便燥结，加酒炒大黄。
都气汤 橘皮竹茹汤
呃逆肾虚都气汤，六味肉桂五味方，橘皮竹茹虚热主，橘竹参草枣生姜。
【注】都气汤，即六味地黄汤加肉桂、五味子也，橘皮竹茹汤，即橘红、竹茹、人参、
甘草、大枣、生姜也。
葳蕤汤
风温浮盛葳蕤汤，羌麻葛芷青木香，芎草石膏葳蕤杏，里实热甚入硝黄。
【注】风温初起，六脉浮盛，表实壮热汗少者，宜葳蕤汤，以发表风邪也，即羌活、麻
黄、葛根、白芷、青木香，川芎、甘草、石膏、葳蕤、杏仁也。里实热甚多汗者，加芒
硝、大黄、以攻里热也。
桂枝白虎汤
风温虚热汗出多，难任葳蕤可奈何，须是鼾睡而燥渴，方宜桂枝虎参合。
【注】风温初起脉浮有力，汗少壮热，宜与葳蕤汤。若脉虚身热汗多，难用葳蕤汤者，
合与桂枝白虎加人参汤。如不鼾睡，口中和而不燥不渴，身热汗多脉浮盛者，乃亡阳之
证，非风温也，即桂枝白虎加人参汤亦不可用也。
泻心导赤各半汤
越经无证如醉热，脉和导赤各半汤，芩连栀子神参麦，知滑犀草枣灯姜。
【注】越经，病名也。无证，谓无表里证也。无表里证，脉和而身热不解，形如醉人
者，是越经证也。宜泻心导赤各半汤治之，即黄连、黄芩、栀子、茯神、人参、麦冬、知
母、滑石、犀角、甘草、灯心、生姜、大枣也。
大羌活汤
两感伤寒病二经，大羌活汤草川芎，二防二术二活细，生地芩连知母同。
【注】两感，伤寒病名也。二经，谓一曰
太阳少阴，二曰阳明太阴，三曰少阳厥阴同病也。张洁古制大羌活汤治之，即甘草、川
芎、防风、防己、苍术、白术、羌活、独活、细辛、生地、黄芩、黄连、知母也。详在
《伤寒要诀》。
还阳散 退阴散 黑奴丸
阴毒还阳硫黄末，退阴炮乌干姜均。阳毒黑奴小麦疸，芩麻硝黄釜灶尘。
【注】还阳散，即石硫黄末，每服二钱，新汲水调下。良久寒热汗不出，再服之，汗
出愈。退阴散，即炮变色川乌，微炒干姜，等分为末，每服一钱，盐汤滚数沸服，四肢不
温，连服三次即温，热服若吐，冷服亦可。黑奴丸，即小麦成黑疽者，名曰小麦奴，黄芩、
麻黄、芒硝、大黄、釜底煤灶突烟梁上尘也。为末，蜜丸，重四钱，新汲水下。服后若渴
欲饮冷水者，令恣意饮之，须臾自当寒振汗出，腹响微利而解也。若不渴者，恐是阴极
似阳，服之反为害耳。
九味羌活汤
九味羌活即冲和，四时不正气为 。洁古制此代麻桂，羌防苍细芷芎合，生地草芩
喘加杏，无汗加麻有桂多，胸满去地加枳桔，烦渴知膏热自瘥。
【注】此汤即冲和汤。张洁古制此以代麻黄桂枝二汤。即羌活、防风、苍术、细辛、白
芷、川芎、生地、甘草、黄芩也。喘加杏仁，无汗加麻黄，有汗加桂枝。胸膈满闷，去生
地加枳壳、桔梗，快膈气也。烦渴引饮加知母、石膏，热自瘥也。
十神汤
十神外感寒气病，功在温经利气殊，升葛芎麻甘草芍，姜葱香附芷陈苏。
【注】此汤即升麻、葛根、川芎、麻黄、甘草、芍药、香附、白芷、陈皮、苏叶、生
姜、葱白也，能外发寒邪，内舒郁气，故曰寒气病。较之他剂，有温经利气之功殊也。
人参败毒散 荆防败毒散 仓廪散
人参败毒虚感冒，发散时毒疹痢良，参苓积桔芎草共，柴前薄荷与独羌，时毒减参
加翘蒡，血风时疹入荆防，表热噤痢加仓米，温热芩连实硝黄。
【注】人参败毒散，治气虚感冒时气之病。即枳壳、桔梗、川芎、茯苓、人参，甘草、柴
胡、前胡、薄荷，独活、羌活也。时毒，谓受四时不正之气，或肿两腮两颐，或咽喉肿
痛，根据本方减人参加牛蒡、连翘治之。时疹，谓初病即有之疹。血风，谓遍身瘙痒之疹。俱
根据本方减人参，加荆芥、防风治之，名荆防败毒散。表热无汗，噤口痢疾，根据本方加仓
米治之，名仓廪散。温病、热病热甚，俱加黄连、黄芩。胃实便硬，俱加芒硝、大黄也。
五积散
内伤生冷外感寒，五积平胃半苓攒，麻桂积桔归芎芍，姜芷加附逐阴寒，腹痛呕逆
吴萸入，有汗除麻桂枝添，虚加参术除积桔，妇人经痛艾醋煎。
【注】五积散，即芩术、陈皮、浓朴、甘草、半夏、茯苓、麻黄、官桂、枳壳、桔梗、
当归、川芎、白芍、干姜、白芷也。表重用桂枝，里重用官桂，阴寒肢冷加附子，腹痛
呕逆加吴茱萸，有汗除去麻黄加桂枝，气虚加人参、白术，除去枳桔。妇人经痛加艾叶，
醋煎服之。
升麻葛根汤
升葛芍草表阳明，下利斑疹两收功，麻黄太阳无汗入，柴芩同病少阳经。
【注】升麻、葛根、白芍、甘草，即升麻葛根汤也。阳明表邪不解，或数下利，及斑
疹不透者，均宜主之，若兼太阳无汗之表证，入麻黄。若兼少阳口苦耳聋，寒热往来，半
表里之证，加柴胡、黄芩也。
二圣救苦丹
初起时疫温热病，救苦汗吐下俱全，热实百发而百中，大黄皂角水为丸。
【注】此丹即大黄四两，皂角二两为末，水为丸也。每服三钱，无根水下。弱者、老
者、幼者、量减服之。此药施治于初起时疫，
传染伤寒，温病热病，热盛形气俱实者，百发百中。服后或汗、或吐、或下，三法俱全，
其病立解。
温胆汤
伤寒病后液津干，虚烦呕渴不成眠，乃是竹叶石膏证，胆经饮热此方先，口苦呕涎
烦惊悸，半苓橘草枳竹煎，气虚加参渴去半，再加麦粉热芩连。
【注】伤寒病后燥渴虚烦，乃竹叶石膏汤证，非温胆汤证，详在伤寒要诀。若少阳胆
经饮热，则口苦、呕烦、惊悸，是温胆汤证也，即半夏、茯芩、橘皮、甘草、枳实、竹
茹也。形气俱虚，或因汗、吐、下后及气虚者，均加人参。渴去半夏加麦冬、花粉，以
生津也。有热加黄芩、黄连，以清热也。
伤寒传变的一般规律，已经在《伤寒论注》和《心法要诀》中详细论述过了。然而近代治疗四季伤寒的人，都使用河间（刘完素）的“两解”等方法，往往取得显著疗效，这确实是治疗这种病症的简便方法。现在又采集双解散、防风通圣散等经验名方，编成歌诀，附在《心法要诀》之后，以便后来的学习者知道如何灵活变通，希望对于伤寒这一病证，在经权常变方面有所遵循，而不遗漏治疗方法。
双解散与通圣散合用六一散，适用于四季温热或正感寒邪的情况。每次服用剂量为“两许”（约一两），加入葱、姜、淡豆豉煎服，使发汗与攻下同时行效，表里之邪得以宣散。体质强者加倍用量，体质弱者减半；若服药后病不解，连续服用自然安宁。如果因为出汗少而病不解，麻黄加倍加入；如果因为大便硬结而病不解，芒硝、大黄加倍添加。
【注】名为双解散的原因，是因为它能发表攻里，即防风通圣散与六一散两个方剂合并而成的制剂。河间（刘完素）制定此方，用于解除四季冬温、春温、夏热、秋热以及正令伤寒。凡是邪气在三阳经表里之间未能解除的，以“两许”为剂量，加入葱、姜、淡豆豉煎服，等待汗出与泻下同时发生，表里之邪即可解除。形体正气强盛的，用半两为剂量；形体正气虚弱的，用五钱为剂量。如果初次服用因出汗少而病不解，说明是表实，加倍加入麻黄以发汗。如果因大便硬结而病不解，说明是里实，加倍加入芒硝、大黄以攻下，连续服用二、三服；必须让患者汗出且泻下才能痊愈。现在的人不知道其中的奥妙，认为河间过于使用寒凉药物，仲景治伤寒起初没有攻下法，于是弃置不用，非常可惜。不知道这种方法神速敏捷，没有不随手见效的，从未出现寒凝痞结的变证，即使有一两个未愈的，要么是没有完全运用好该法的精髓，要么就是病邪已经传入阳明经，所以不能解除。防风通圣散的详细内容在后面。
如果发汗攻下之后仍然不能解除，都是因为汗出不彻底或者病邪已经传入其他经络。如果内部有热、烦躁口渴，使用甘露饮；如果症状严重，使用白虎汤合黄连解毒汤清热；如果有表热、烦躁，使用柴葛解肌汤；如果是表实大热，使用三黄石膏汤平息；如果是里有热、尿色红赤，使用凉膈散合天水散；如果是胃实便秘伴有轻微表证，使用大柴胡汤攻下。无表证的，使用三承气汤攻下。桂苓甘露饮、白虎汤、大柴胡汤、三承气汤，已在《伤寒要诀》中详细说明。六一散、凉膈散，详见《杂病要诀》。
防风通圣散治疗风热邪气，郁结在三焦表里之间，导致气血不通、经络壅滞。方中含有栀子、连翘、黄芩、薄荷、甘草、当归、川芎、芒硝、大黄、白芍、白术、石膏、滑石、麻黄、桔梗、防风、荆芥。如果腹泻则减少芒硝、大黄；如果呕吐则加入生姜、半夏；如果自汗则去掉麻黄，增加桂枝。
【注】此方治疗一切风火邪气，郁结于三焦表里经络，导致气血不能宣通。初感发热头痛，皮肤疹子传经，斑黄抽搐，烦躁口渴失眠，便秘尿涩，都可以服用，功效奇特，使用后自知其妙。
柴葛解肌汤适用于四季合病在三阳经的情况。方中含有柴胡、葛根、羌活、白芷、桔梗、黄芩、石膏、白芍、甘草。如果腹泻则减少石膏；如果呕吐则加入半夏、生姜。
【注】此方由陶华制定，用来替代葛根汤。凡是四季太阳、阳明、少阳合病的轻证，都适宜用此汤加减治疗。所谓加减，是指如果没有太阳证，就减去羌活；如果没有少阳证，就减去柴胡。即包含柴胡、葛根、羌活、白芷、桔梗、赤芍、石膏、黄芩、甘草。腹泻时减少石膏，是为了避免损伤里气。呕吐时加入半夏、生姜，是为了降逆止呕。
黄连解毒汤、栀子金花汤、三黄石膏汤：
阳毒热极出现疹斑呕吐，烦躁口渴呻吟谵语狂乱，攻下后大便软但热不退，使用黄连解毒汤（黄连、黄芩、栀子、黄柏）。如果里实大便硬应当攻下，加大黄，名为栀子金花汤。如果表实无汗应当发汗，加入石膏、麻黄、淡豆豉、葱白，名为三黄石膏汤。如果腹泻，减去石膏加入葛根，以避免损伤里气。
【注】阳毒热极等证，或者攻下后大便软，壮热不退，适宜用黄连解毒汤，即黄连、黄芩、黄柏、栀子。如果里实大便硬应当攻下的，适宜加大黄，名为栀子金花汤。如果表实无汗，应当发汗的，适宜加入石膏、麻黄、淡豆豉、葱白，名为三黄石膏汤。腹泻的，减去石膏加入葛根，以避免里气不实。
消毒犀角饮治疗表疹斑，毒气壅滞咽喉肿痛难忍。方中含有犀角、牛蒡子、荆芥、防风、甘草。热盛时加入薄荷、连翘、黄芩、黄连。
【注】消毒犀角饮，即在消毒饮（防风、荆芥、牛蒡子、甘草）的基础上加入犀角。热盛时加入连翘、薄荷、黄芩、黄连。
消斑青黛饮消除斑毒。方中含有参虎（人参和白虎汤）、柴胡、犀角、栀子、生地、玄参、黄连。如果热甚便实，减去人参加入大黄煎服，并加入苦酒。
【注】消斑青黛饮，即青黛、人参、白虎汤（人参、石膏、知母、甘草）、柴胡、犀角、山栀、生地、玄参、黄连，用苦酒和水煎煮。热甚且大便实的，减去人参加入大黄即可。
普济消毒饮治疗大头天行病（大头瘟），无里邪，热客于头部高巅。方中含有黄芩、黄连、薄荷、连翘、柴胡、升麻、桔梗、僵蚕、甘草、陈皮、马勃、牛蒡子、板蓝根、玄参。
【注】普济消毒饮，治疗天行传染的大头瘟疫，无里证可下的，是其邪热客于头部高巅。即黄芩、黄连、薄荷、连翘、柴胡、升麻、桔梗、僵蚕、甘草、陈皮、马勃、牛蒡子、板蓝根、玄参。
连翘败毒散发颐（腮腺炎），高肿红痛可除。方中含有天花粉、连翘、柴胡、牛蒡子、荆芥、防风、升麻、甘草、桔梗、羌活、独活、红花、苏木、川芎、当归尾。如果面颊连面部皆肿，加白芷、漏芦。如果肿块坚硬，加皂刺、穿山甲。如果大便干燥，应添加大黄疏通。
【注】连翘败毒散，治疗时毒发颐，高肿红疼痛的阳证。即连翘、天花粉、柴胡、牛蒡子、荆芥、防风、升麻、甘草、桔梗、羌活、独活、红花、苏木、川芎、归尾。两腮连面皆肿，加白芷、漏芦。肿坚不消，加皂刺、穿山甲。大便燥结，加酒炒大黄。
都气汤治疗呃逆肾虚。方中含有六味地黄汤加肉桂、五味子。橘皮竹茹汤主治虚热呃逆。方中含有橘皮、竹茹、人参、甘草、大枣、生姜。
【注】都气汤，即六味地黄汤加肉桂、五味子。橘皮竹茹汤，即橘红、竹茹、人参、甘草、大枣、生姜。
葳蕤汤治疗风温浮盛。方中含有羌活、麻黄、葛根、白芷、青木香、川芎、甘草、石膏、葳蕤、杏仁。如果里实热甚，加入芒硝、大黄。
【注】风温初起，六脉浮盛，表实壮热汗少者，适宜用葳蕤汤，以发表风邪。即羌活、麻黄、葛根、白芷、青木香、川芎、甘草、石膏、葳蕤、杏仁。如果里实热甚多汗者，加入芒硝、大黄以攻里热。
桂枝白虎汤治疗风温虚热汗出多。如果难以承受葳蕤汤，且出现鼾睡、口燥渴的症状，才适宜用桂枝白虎加人参汤。
【注】风温初起脉浮有力，汗少壮热，适宜给予葳蕤汤。如果脉虚身热汗多，难以用葳蕤汤的，合用桂枝白虎加人参汤。如果不打鼾睡，口中平和而不燥不渴，身热汗多脉浮盛者，这是亡阳的证候，不是风温，即使是桂枝白虎加人参汤也不可用。
泻心导赤各半汤：如果越经证无表里证，如醉酒般发热，脉象平和，使用导赤各半汤。方中含有黄芩、黄连、栀子、茯神、人参、麦冬、知母、滑石、犀角、甘草、灯心草、生姜、大枣。
【注】越经，病名。无证，指无表里证。无表里证，脉象平和而身热不解，形态像醉人一样，这是越经证。适宜用泻心导赤各半汤治疗，即黄连、黄芩、栀子、茯神、人参、麦冬、知母、滑石、犀角、甘草、灯心草、生姜、大枣。
大羌活汤治疗两感伤寒病涉及两条经络。方中含有甘草、川芎、防风、防己、苍术、白术、羌活、独活、细辛、生地、黄芩、黄连、知母。
【注】两感，伤寒病名。二经，指一是太阳少阴同病，二是阳明太阴同病，三是少阳厥阴同病。张洁古制定大羌活汤治疗它，即甘草、川芎、防风、防己、苍术、白术、羌活、独活、细辛、生地、黄芩、黄连、知母。详见《伤寒要诀》。
还阳散、退阴散、黑奴丸：
阴毒用还阳散，即硫黄末。退阴散用炮制过的川乌和干姜，比例相等。阳毒用黑奴丸，含有小麦奴（成黑疸的小麦）、黄芩、麻黄、芒硝、大黄、釜底煤、灶突烟、梁上尘。
【注】还阳散，即石硫黄末，每次服用二钱，用新汲水调服。过一会儿如果寒热不出汗，再服用，汗出即愈。退阴散，即炮变色川乌，微炒干姜，等分为末，每次服用一钱，用盐汤滚几沸后服用，四肢不温，连续服用三次即温暖。热服如果呕吐，冷服也可以。黑奴丸，即小麦成黑疸者，名为小麦奴，加上黄芩、麻黄、芒硝、大黄、釜底煤、灶突烟、梁上尘。研为末，蜜丸，重四钱，用新汲水送服。服药后如果口渴想喝冷水，让他随意饮用，不久自然会寒战出汗，腹部作响轻微腹泻而痊愈。如果不渴，恐怕是阴极似阳，服用反而有害。
九味羌活汤即冲和汤，治疗四季不正之气致病。张洁古制定此方代替麻黄汤和桂枝汤。方中含有羌活、防风、苍术、细辛、白芷、川芎、生地、甘草、黄芩。喘加杏仁，无汗加麻黄，有汗加桂枝。胸满去生地加枳壳、桔梗，烦渴加知母、石膏，热自瘥。
【注】此汤即冲和汤。张洁古制定此方以代替麻黄、桂枝二汤。即羌活、防风、苍术、细辛、白芷、川芎、生地、甘草、黄芩。喘加杏仁，无汗加麻黄，有汗加桂枝。胸膈满闷，去生地黄加枳壳、桔梗，以宽胸理气。烦渴引饮加知母、石膏，热自除。
十神汤治疗外感寒气病，功效在于温经利气。方中含有升麻、葛根、川芎、麻黄、甘草、芍药、香附、白芷、陈皮、苏叶、生姜、葱白。
【注】此汤即升麻、葛根、川芎、麻黄、甘草、芍药、香附、白芷、陈皮、苏叶、生姜、葱白，能外发寒邪，内舒郁气，所以叫寒气病。与其他药剂相比，有温经利气的特殊功效。
人参败毒散、荆防败毒散、仓廪散：
人参败毒散治疗气虚感冒时气，发散时毒、疹痢效果好。方中含有人参、茯苓、枳壳、桔梗、川芎、甘草、柴胡、前胡、薄荷、独活、羌活。时毒减人参加连翘、牛蒡子。血风时疹加入荆芥、防风，名为荆防败毒散。表热噤口痢疾加仓米，名为仓廪散。温热病热甚加黄连、黄芩。胃实便硬加芒硝、大黄。
【注】人参败毒散，治疗气虚感冒时气之病。即枳壳、桔梗、川芎、茯苓、人参、甘草、柴胡、前胡、薄荷、独活、羌活。时毒，指受四时不正之气，或肿两腮两颐，或咽喉肿痛，根据本方减人参加牛蒡、连翘治疗。时疹，指初病即有的疹子。血风，指遍身瘙痒的疹子。都根据本方减人参，加荆芥、防风治疗，名为荆防败毒散。表热无汗，噤口痢疾，根据本方加仓米治疗，名为仓廪散。温病、热病热甚，俱加黄连、黄芩。胃实便硬，俱加芒硝、大黄。
五积散治疗内伤生冷外感寒邪。方中含有平胃散（苍术、厚朴、陈皮、甘草）、二陈汤（半夏、茯苓）、麻黄、桂枝、枳壳、桔梗、当归、川芎、白芍、干姜、白芷。加附子逐阴寒。腹痛呕逆加吴茱萸。有汗除去麻黄加桂枝。虚加人参、白术，除去枳壳、桔梗。妇人经痛加艾叶，醋煎服。
【注】五积散，即苍术、白术、陈皮、厚朴、甘草、半夏、茯苓、麻黄、官桂、枳壳、桔梗、当归、川芎、白芍、干姜、白芷。表重用桂枝，里重用官桂，阴寒肢冷加附子，腹痛呕逆加吴茱萸，有汗除去麻黄加桂枝，气虚加人参、白术，除去枳壳、桔梗。妇人经痛加艾叶，醋煎服之。
升麻葛根汤治疗表阳明证，对下利和斑疹不透都有功效。兼太阳无汗加入麻黄。兼少阳口苦耳聋、寒热往来半表里证，加入柴胡、黄芩。
【注】升麻、葛根、白芍、甘草，即升麻葛根汤。阳明表邪不解，或数下利，及斑疹不透者，均适宜主用此方。如果兼有太阳无汗的表证，加入麻黄。如果兼有少阳口苦耳聋、寒热往来、半表里的证候，加入柴胡、黄芩。
二圣救苦丹治疗初起时疫温热病，汗、吐、下三法俱全。热实证百发百中。方中大黄四两，皂角二两为末，水为丸。
【注】此丹即大黄四两，皂角二两研为末，水泛为丸。每次服用三钱，用无根水送服。弱者、老者、幼者，酌情减量服用。此药施治于初起时疫、传染伤寒、温病热病，热盛形气俱实者，百发百中。服药后或汗、或吐、或下，三法俱全，其病立解。
温胆汤治疗伤寒病后津液干枯，虚烦呕渴不成眠。这其实是竹叶石膏汤的证候，但胆经饮热也可先用此方。口苦呕涎、烦惊悸，用半夏、茯苓、橘皮、甘草、枳实、竹茹煎服。气虚加人参，渴去半夏加麦冬、花粉。再加麦粉、热加黄芩、黄连。
【注】伤寒病后燥渴虚烦，是竹叶石膏汤证，不是温胆汤证，详见《伤寒要诀》。如果少阳胆经饮热，则口苦、呕烦、惊悸，是温胆汤证，即半夏、茯苓、橘皮、甘草、枳实、竹茹。形气俱虚，或因汗、吐、下后及气虚者，均加人参。渴去半夏加麦冬、花粉，以生津液。有热加黄芩、黄连，以清热。
The general principles of the transmission and transformation of Shanghan (Cold Damage) have been detailed in *Shanghan Lun Zhu* (Commentary on the Treatise on Cold Damage) and *Xinfa Yaojue* (Essential Principles of Clinical Practice). However, contemporary practitioners treating seasonal cold damage often employ Hejian's (Liu Wansu's) "Liangjie" (Dual Resolution) methods, which frequently yield remarkable efficacy. This is indeed a swift method for treating such conditions. Herein, we have collected empirical famous formulas such as Shuangjie San (Double Resolution Powder) and Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia and Gardenia Decoction), compiled them into rhythmic verses, and appended them after *Xinfa Yaojue*, so that future students may know how to adapt flexibly. It is hoped that regarding the syndrome of Shanghan, one will have guidelines for following the constant principles while adapting to changing circumstances, thereby not omitting any therapeutic methods.
Combining Shuangjie San with Tongsheng San and Liuyi San is indicated for seasonal warm-heat or true cold damage syndromes. The dosage is "liang xu" (approximately 1 tael/30g), decocted with Scallion (Congbai), Ginger (Shengjiang), and Fermented Soybean (Douchi). This promotes simultaneous sweating and purging, dispersing pathogenic factors from both the exterior and interior. For those with strong constitution, double the dose; for those with weak constitution, halve it. If the condition does not resolve, continuous administration will naturally bring peace. If perspiration is insufficient and the condition persists, double the amount of Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄); if stool is hard and the condition persists, double the amounts of Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
[Note] It is named "Shuangjie San" (Double Resolution Powder) because it can release the exterior and purge the interior; it is a combined preparation of Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia and Gardenia Decoction) and Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder). Hejian (Liu Wansu) formulated this to resolve winter-warmth, spring-warmth, summer-heat, autumn-heat, and true cold damage of the four seasons. Whenever pathogens are unresolved in the Taiyang, Yangming, and Shaoyang meridians affecting both exterior and interior, use "liang xu" (approx. 30g) as the dose, decocted with Scallion (Congbai), Ginger (Shengjiang), and Fermented Soybean (Douchi). Wait for simultaneous sweating and purging, at which point exterior and interior pathogens will be resolved. For those with robust form and qi, use half a liang (approx. 15g); for those with deficient form and qi, use 5 qian (approx. 15g). If initial administration fails to resolve due to lack of sweat, it indicates exterior excess; double the Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) to induce sweating. If failure to resolve is due to hard stool, it indicates interior excess; double the Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) to purge. Administer continuously for two or three doses; resolution requires both sweating and purging. Modern people do not understand its subtleties, arguing that Hejian overuses cold-natured herbs and that Zhang Zhongjing initially did not use purging methods for Shanghan, thus discarding it. This is a great pity. They fail to realize the method's divine speed and efficacy, which rarely fails to work instantly, without causing cold-stagnation or palpitations. Even if one or two cases do not resolve, it is either due to incomplete application of the method's excellence or because the pathogen has already transmitted to the Yangming meridian. Details of Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia and Gardenia Decoction) follow later.
If sweating and purging have been performed but the condition remains unresolved, it is due to incomplete sweating or transmission to other meridians. If there is internal heat, irritability, and thirst, use Ganlu Yin (Sweet Dew Drink). If severe, use Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) combined with Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) to clear heat. If there is exterior heat and irritability, use Chaige Jieji Tang (Bupleurum and Kudzu Muscle-Releasing Decoction). If there is exterior excess with high fever, use Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction) to calm. If there is interior heat with red urine, use Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) combined with Tianshui San (Heavenly Water Powder). If there is stomach excess with constipation and slight exterior symptoms, use Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) to purge. If there is no exterior symptom, use the Three Chengqi Decoctions to purge. Guiling Ganlu Yin (Guiling Sweet Dew Drink), Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction), and the Three Chengqi Decoctions are detailed in *Shanghan Yaojue*. Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder) and Liangge San (Cool the Diaphragm Powder) are detailed in *Zabing Yaojue*.
Fangfeng Tongsheng San (Saposhnikovia and Gardenia Decoction) treats wind-heat pathogens stagnating in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) affecting both exterior and interior, causing Qi and Blood obstruction and meridian congestion. Ingredients include Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝), Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 白芍), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Talcum (Huashi, 滑石), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), and Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥). Reduce Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) if diarrhea occurs; add Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜) and Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) if vomiting occurs; remove Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) and increase Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) if spontaneous sweating occurs.
[Note] This formula treats all wind-fire pathogens stagnating in the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and meridians of the exterior and interior, preventing the free flow of Qi and Blood. It is suitable for initial contraction with fever and headache, skin rashes transmitting through meridians, jaundice, convulsions, irritability, thirst, insomnia, constipation, and dysuria. Its efficacy is remarkable.
Chaige Jieji Tang (Bupleurum and Kudzu Muscle-Releasing Decoction) is applicable when diseases of the four seasons involve the three Yang meridians simultaneously. Ingredients include Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao, 赤芍), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草). Reduce Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) if diarrhea occurs; add Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) and Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜) if vomiting occurs.
[Note] Formulated by Tao Hua, this decoction replaces Gegen Tang (Kudzu Decoction). It is suitable for mild cases of concurrent involvement of the Taiyang, Yangming, and Shaoyang meridians in the four seasons. Modifications include removing Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活) if there are no Taiyang symptoms, and removing Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡) if there are no Shaoyang symptoms. It contains Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Paeoniae Radix Rubra (Chishao, 赤芍), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草). Reducing Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) during diarrhea avoids damaging interior Qi. Adding Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) and Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜) during vomiting directs rebellious Qi downward.
Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction), Zhizi Jinhua Tang (Gardenia Golden Flower Decoction), and Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction):
Yang poison with extreme heat presenting with rashes, spots, and vomiting; irritability, thirst, groaning, delirium, and mania; persistent high fever despite soft stools after purging—use Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction), consisting of Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbo, 黄柏), and Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子). If interior excess with hard stool requires purging, add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄), naming it Zhizi Jinhua Tang (Gardenia Golden Flower Decoction). If exterior excess with no sweat requires sweating, add Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Fermented Soybean (Douchi, 淡豆豉), and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白), naming it Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction). If diarrhea occurs, remove Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) and add Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根) to avoid injuring interior deficiency.
[Note] For conditions like Yang poison with extreme heat, or persistent high fever with soft stools after purging, Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction) is appropriate, comprising Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Phellodendri Cortex (Huangbo, 黄柏), and Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子). For interior excess requiring purging, add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) to create Zhizi Jinhua Tang (Gardenia Golden Flower Decoction). For exterior excess requiring sweating, add Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Fermented Soybean (Douchi, 淡豆豉), and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白) to create Sanhuang Shigao Tang (Three Yellows and Gypsum Decoction). For diarrhea, remove Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) and add Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根) to protect interior integrity.
Xiaodu Xijiao Yin (Detoxifying Calves' Horn Drink) treats exterior rashes and spots, with toxic stagnation causing difficult throat swelling and pain. Ingredients include Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角 - note: substitute with Buffalo Horn/Niujiaohuang in modern practice), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草). If heat is severe, add Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连).
[Note] Xiaodu Xijiao Yin (Detoxifying Calves' Horn Drink) is Xiaodu Yin (Detoxifying Drink) containing Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), plus Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角). If heat is severe, add Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连).
Xiaoban Qingdai Yin (Indigo Decoction for Eliminating Spots) eliminates spot toxins. Ingredients include Renshen (Ginseng) and Baitu (White Tiger Decoction components: Ginseng, Gypsum, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Licorice), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Scrophulariae Radix (Yuanshen, 元参), and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连). Decoct with Vinegar (Ku Jiu, 苦酒) and water. If heat is severe and stool is solid, remove Ginseng and add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
[Note] Xiaoban Qingdai Yin (Indigo Decoction for Eliminating Spots) consists of Indigo Naturalis (Qingdai, 青黛), Renshen (Ginseng), and Baitu (White Tiger Decoction: Ginseng, Gypsum, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, Licorice), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Scrophulariae Radix (Yuanshen, 元参), and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), decocted with Vinegar (Ku Jiu, 苦酒) and water. For severe heat and solid stool, remove Ginseng and add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
Puji Xiaodu Yin (Great Relief Detoxifying Drink) treats Dato Tianxing Bing (Big Head Epidemic), where there is no interior pathogen, and heat resides in the high peaks (head). Ingredients include Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan, 僵蚕), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Mopane Gum (Mabo, 马勃), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), Isatidis Radix (Banlangen, 板蓝根), and Scrophulariae Radix (Yuanshen, 元参).
[Note] Puji Xiaodu Yin (Great Relief Detoxifying Drink) treats contagious Big Head Plague without interior excess requiring purging, indicating heat pathogens residing in the head. It contains Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Bombyx Batryticatus (Jiangcan, 僵蚕), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Mopane Gum (Mabo, 马勃), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), Isatidis Radix (Banlangen, 板蓝根), and Scrophulariae Radix (Yuanshen, 元参).
Lianqiao Baidu San (Forsythia Detoxifying Powder) treats Parotitis (Fa Yi), characterized by high swelling, redness, and pain. Ingredients include Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen, 天花粉), Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Carthami Flos (Honghua, 红花), Sappan Lignum (Sumu, 苏木), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dangguiwei, 当归尾). If swelling extends from cheeks to face, add Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷) and Leuzeae Rhizoma (Loulu, 漏芦). If swelling is hard, add Gleditsiae Spina (Zaoci, 皂刺) and Manis Squama (Chuanshanjia, 穿山甲). If stool is dry, add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) fried with wine.
[Note] Lianqiao Baidu San (Forsythia Detoxifying Powder) treats Yang syndromes of epidemic toxin parotitis with high swelling, redness, and pain. It contains Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘), Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen, 天花粉), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子), Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Carthami Flos (Honghua, 红花), Sappan Lignum (Sumu, 苏木), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), and Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Dangguiwei, 当归尾). For swelling extending from cheeks to face, add Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷) and Leuzeae Rhizoma (Loulu, 漏芦). For hard swelling, add Gleditsiae Spina (Zaoci, 皂刺) and Manis Squama (Chuanshanjia, 穿山甲). For dry stool, add Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) fried with wine.
Duqi Tang (Duqi Decoction) treats hiccups due to Kidney Deficiency. Ingredients include Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) plus Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子). Jupi Zhuru Tang (Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shaving Decoction) treats hiccups due to Deficient Heat. Ingredients include Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Jupi, 橘皮), Bambusae Folium (Zhuru, 竹茹), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣), and Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜).
[Note] Duqi Tang (Duqi Decoction) is Liuwei Dihuang Wan (Six-Ingredient Pill with Rehmannia) plus Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi, 五味子). Jupi Zhuru Tang (Tangerine Peel and Bamboo Shaving Decoction) consists of Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Jupi, 橘皮), Bambusae Folium (Zhuru, 竹茹), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣), and Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜).
Weiyu Tang (Weiyu Decoction) treats flourishing Wind-Warmth. Ingredients include Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Qingmuxiang, 青木香), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (Weiyu, 葳蕤), and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁). If interior excess with severe heat, add Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
[Note] For initial Wind-Warmth with floating and vigorous pulses, exterior excess with high fever and little sweat, Weiyu Tang (Weiyu Decoction) is indicated to release exterior wind pathogens. It contains Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum (Qingmuxiang, 青木香), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Polygonati Odorati Rhizoma (Weiyu, 葳蕤), and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁). For interior excess with severe heat and profuse sweat, add Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) to purge interior heat.
Guizhi Baihu Tang (Cinnamon Twig White Tiger Decoction) treats Wind-Warmth with deficient heat and profuse sweating. If the patient cannot tolerate Weiyu Tang, and presents with snoring sleep, dry mouth, and thirst, then Guizhi Baihu Tang Plus Ginseng (Cinnamon Twig White Tiger Decoction with Ginseng) is appropriate.
[Note] For initial Wind-Warmth with floating-strong pulses, little sweat, and high fever, Weiyu Tang (Weiyu Decoction) is indicated. If pulses are weak, body hot, and sweat profuse, making Weiyu Tang unsuitable, combine with Guizhi Baihu Tang Plus Ginseng (Cinnamon Twig White Tiger Decoction with Ginseng). If there is no snoring sleep, mouth is normal without dryness/thirst, body is hot with profuse sweat and floating-vigorous pulses, this is a Yang Collapse syndrome, not Wind-Warmth; even Guizhi Baihu Tang Plus Ginseng (Cinnamon Twig White Tiger Decoction with Ginseng) should not be used.
Xiexin Daochi Ge Ban Tang (Half-and-Half Xiexin and Daochi Decoction): If there are no symptoms of crossing meridians, but fever resembling drunkenness with harmonious pulses, use Daochi Ge Ban Tang (Half-and-Half Daochi Decoction). Ingredients include Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Polygalae Radix (Fushen, 茯神), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母), Talcum (Huashi, 滑石), Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Junci Medulla (Dengxin, 灯心), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜), and Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣).
[Note] Yuejing (Crossing Meridians) is a disease name. "No symptoms" means no exterior or interior symptoms. With no exterior/interior symptoms, harmonious pulses, unresolved fever, and appearance resembling a drunkard, this is a Yuejing syndrome. Treat with Xiexin Daochi Ge Ban Tang (Half-and-Half Xiexin and Daochi Decoction), containing Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi, 栀子), Polygalae Radix (Fushen, 茯神), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬), Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母), Talcum (Huashi, 滑石), Calvis Cornu (Xijiao, 犀角), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Junci Medulla (Dengxin, 灯心), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜), and Zizyphi Fructus (Dazao, 大枣).
Da Qianghuo Tang (Major Notopterygium Decoction) treats Lianggan Shanghan (Simultaneous Cold Damage of Two Meridians). Ingredients include Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu (Cangzhu, 苍术), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷 - *Note: Text says 'Er Huo', likely referring to Qianghuo and Duhuo*), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo, 独活), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母).
[Note] Lianggan (Simultaneous Infection) is a Shanghan disease name. "Two meridians" refers to Taiyang-Shaoyin, Yangming-Taiyin, or Shaoyang-Jueyin concurrent disease. Zhang Jiegu formulated Da Qianghuo Tang (Major Notopterygium Decoction) to treat it, containing Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 防己), Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu (Cangzhu, 苍术), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo, 独活), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连), and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母). See *Shanghan Yaojue* for details.
Huyang San (Restore Yang Powder), Tuiyin San (Push Away Yin Powder), Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill):
Yin Poison uses Huyang San (Restore Yang Powder), which is Sulfur (Liuhuang, 硫黄) powder. Tuiyin San (Push Away Yin Powder) uses processed Aconitum Carmichaelii Radix Preparata (Pao Wu, 炮乌) and dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 干姜) in equal parts. Yang Poison uses Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill), containing Wheat Slave (Xiaomai Nu, 小麦奴 - wheat infected with black mold), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝), Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄), Furnace Bottom Ash (Fuzhichen, 釜底尘), Chimney Smoke Ash (Zaotu Yan, 灶突烟), and Beam Dust (Liangshangchen, 梁上尘).
[Note] Huyang San (Restore Yang Powder) is Sulfur (Liuhuang, 硫黄) powder, 2 qian per dose, mixed with fresh well water. If chills, fever, and no sweat persist after some time, administer again; resolution occurs with sweating. Tuiyin San (Push Away Yin Powder) is processed Aconitum Carmichaelii Radix Preparata (Pao Wu, 炮乌) and mildly fried dried Ginger (Ganjiang, 干姜), powdered equally, 1 qian per dose, taken with boiling salt water. For cold limbs, take three consecutive doses until warmth returns. Take hot; if vomiting occurs, cold administration is also acceptable. Heinu Wan (Black Slave Pill) uses Wheat Slave (Xiaomai Nu, 小麦奴), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝), Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄), Furnace Bottom Ash (Fuzhichen, 釜底尘), Chimney Smoke Ash (Zaotu Yan, 灶突烟), and Beam Dust (Liangshangchen, 梁上尘). Powdered, honey-pilled, 4 qian each, taken with fresh well water. If thirsty for cold water after dosing, allow drinking freely; soon, chills, sweating, abdominal rumbling, and mild diarrhea will occur, resolving the illness. If not thirsty, suspect Yin Extreme mimicking Yang; administration may be harmful.
Jiuwei Qianghuo Tang (Nine-Ingredient Notopterygium Decoction) is also known as Chonghe Tang (Harmony Decoction), treating pathological qi of the four seasons. Zhang Jiegu formulated this to replace Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). Ingredients include Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu (Cangzhu, 苍术), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩). Add Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) for wheezing; add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) for no sweat; add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) for sweating. Remove Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地) and add Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗) for chest fullness; add Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母) and Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) for irritability and thirst.
[Note] This decoction is Chonghe Tang (Harmony Decoction). Zhang Jiegu formulated it to replace Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). It contains Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu (Cangzhu, 苍术), Asari Radix et Rhizoma (Xixin, 细辛), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩). Add Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) for wheezing; add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) for no sweat; add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) for sweating. For chest diaphragm fullness, remove Rehmanniae Radix Preparata (Shengdi, 生地) and add Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗) to promote Qi movement. For irritability and thirst, add Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母) and Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) to clear heat.
Shishen Tang (Ten-God Decoction) treats exterior contraction of cold qi, with special efficacy in warming meridians and benefiting Qi. Ingredients include Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu, 香附), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Perillae Folium (Zisu, 紫苏), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜), and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白).
[Note] This decoction contains Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Paeoniae Radix (Shaoyao, 芍药), Cyperi Rhizoma (Xiangfu, 香附), Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Perillae Folium (Zisu, 紫苏), Zingiberis Recens Rhizoma (Shengjiang, 生姜), and Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (Congbai, 葱白). It releases exterior cold pathogens and soothes interior stagnant Qi, hence called "Cold Qi Disease." Compared to other formulas, it has unique efficacy in warming meridians and benefiting Qi.
Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Detoxifying Powder), Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Detoxifying Powder), Canglin San (Granary Lin Powder):
Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Detoxifying Powder) treats Qi-deficient common colds with epidemic qi, effectively dispersing epidemic toxins, rashes, and dysentery. Ingredients include Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu, 前胡), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo, 独活), and Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活). For epidemic toxins, reduce Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) and add Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘) and Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子). For blood wind rashes, add Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥) and Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), naming it Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Detoxifying Powder). For exterior heat with anorexic dysentery, add Coicis Semen (Yimi, 薏苡仁), naming it Canglin San (Granary Lin Powder). For warm-heat diseases with severe heat, add Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩). For stomach excess with hard stool, add Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
[Note] Renshen Baidu San (Ginseng Detoxifying Powder) treats Qi-deficient common colds with epidemic qi. It contains Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡), Peucedani Radix (Qianhu, 前胡), Menthae Haplocalycis Herba (Bohe, 薄荷), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duhuo, 独活), and Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活). Epidemic toxin refers to contraction of abnormal qi of the four seasons, causing malar swelling or sore throat; treat based on this formula by reducing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) and adding Arctii Fructus (Niubangzi, 牛蒡子) and Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘). Time rash refers to rashes appearing at onset. Blood wind refers to generalized itchy rashes; treat based on this formula by reducing Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) and adding Schizonepetae Spica (Jingjie, 荆芥) and Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), naming it Jingfang Baidu San (Schizonepeta and Saposhnikovia Detoxifying Powder). For exterior heat with anorexic dysentery, add Coicis Semen (Yimi, 薏苡仁) based on this formula, naming it Canglin San (Granary Lin Powder). For warm-heat diseases with severe heat, add Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩). For stomach excess with hard stool, add Mirabilitum (Mangxiao, 芒硝) and Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄).
Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) treats internal injury from raw/cold food and external contraction of cold. Ingredients include Pingwei San (Calm the Stomach Powder: Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu, Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex, Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction: Pinelliae Rhizoma, Poria), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 白芍), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜), and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷). Add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子) to dispel Yin cold. Add Cnidii Fructus (Wuyu, 吴茱萸) for abdominal pain and vomiting. If sweating, remove Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) and add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝). For deficiency, add Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), removing Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗). For women's menstrual pain, add Artemisiae Argyi Folium (Aiyè, 艾叶) and decoct with vinegar.
[Note] Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder) contains Atractylodis Rhizoma Cangzhu (Cangzhu, 苍术), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex (Houpo, 厚朴), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳), Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗), Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 白芍), Zingiberis Rhizoma (Ganjiang, 干姜), and Angelicae Dahuricae Radix (Baizhi, 白芷). Use Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) heavily for exterior, Cinnamomi Cortex (Rougui, 肉桂) heavily for interior. Add Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子) for Yin cold and cold limbs; add Cnidii Fructus (Wuyu, 吴茱萸) for abdominal pain/vomiting; remove Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) and add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) if sweating; add Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术) for Qi deficiency, removing Aurantii Fructus (Zhike, 枳壳) and Platycodonis Radix (Jiegeng, 桔梗). For women's menstrual pain, add Artemisiae Argyi Folium (Aiyè, 艾叶) and decoct with vinegar.
Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifuga and Kudzu Decoction) treats Yangming exterior syndrome, effective for diarrhea and non-emerging rashes/spots. Add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) for concurrent Taiyang no-sweat exterior syndrome. Add Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) for concurrent Shaoyang bitter taste, deafness, alternating chills/fever, half-exterior/half-interior syndrome.
[Note] Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma, 升麻), Puerariae Lobatae Radix (Gegen, 葛根), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Baishao, 白芍), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) constitute Shengma Gegen Tang (Cimicifuga and Kudzu Decoction). It is indicated for unresolved Yangming exterior pathogens, frequent diarrhea, or non-emerging rashes/spots. If concurrent with Taiyang no-sweat exterior syndrome, add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄). If concurrent with Shaoyang bitter taste, deafness, alternating chills/fever, half-exterior/half-interior syndrome, add Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu, 柴胡) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩).
Ersheng Jiuku Dan (Two-Sage Rescue-Bitter Pill) treats early-stage epidemic warm-heat diseases, encompassing sweating, vomiting, and purging methods. Highly effective for heat-excess patterns. Ingredients are Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) 4 liang and Periocystis Pericarpium (Zaojiao, 皂角) 2 liang, powdered and pillified with water.
[Note] This pill consists of Rheum Radix et Rhizoma (Dahuang, 大黄) 4 liang and Periocystis Pericarpium (Zaojiao, 皂角) 2 liang, powdered and pillified with water. Take 3 qian per dose with "rootless water" (rainwater/snowmelt). Reduce dose for weak, elderly, or young patients. This medicine is applied to early-stage epidemics, contagious Shanghan, warm-heat diseases with severe heat and robust constitution, with near-perfect efficacy. After administration, sweating, vomiting, or purging may occur; all three methods are complete, and the illness resolves immediately.
Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction) treats post-Shanghan dryness, fluid depletion, deficient irritability, vomiting, thirst, and insomnia. This is actually a Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) pattern, but Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction) can be used first for Gallbladder Meridian fluid-heat. For bitter taste, vomiting saliva, irritability, and palpitations, decoct Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Aurantii Fructus (Zhishi, 枳实), and Bambusae Folium (Zhuru, 竹茹). Add Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参) for Qi deficiency; remove Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) and add Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬) and Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen, 天花粉) for thirst; add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) for heat.
[Note] Post-Shanghan dryness, thirst, and deficient irritability are Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction) patterns, not Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction) patterns; see *Shanghan Yaojue*. If Shaoyang Gallbladder Meridian has fluid-heat, presenting with bitter taste, vomiting/irritability, and palpitations, it is a Wendan Tang (Warm the Gallbladder Decoction) pattern, containing Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi, 陈皮), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), Aurantii Fructus (Zhishi, 枳实), and Bambusae Folium (Zhuru, 竹茹). For dual deficiency of form and qi, or post-sweating/vomiting/purging Qi deficiency, add Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma (Renshen, 人参). For thirst, remove Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia, 半夏) and add Ophiopogonis Radix (Maidong, 麦冬) and Trichosanthis Radix (Tianhuafen, 天花粉) to generate fluids. For heat, add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) and Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian, 黄连) to clear heat.