伤寒医下之续得下利清谷不止身疼痛者急当救里后身疼痛清便自调者急当救表救里宜四逆汤（方在太阴三）救表宜
桂枝汤（方在太阳五）
伤寒表病下之败其里阳续得下利清谷不止已成太阴自利而身体疼痛表证未解是表里皆病然急当救里不暇及表也救里
之后利止便调然后表之身疼痛者急当救之盖表邪不解恐里阴复郁而生寒故救之宜急救里宜四逆以温中救表宜桂枝以解外
伤寒而不用麻黄者里阳既虚不敢过汗也（此与太阴下利腹胀满章彼此互文救表即攻表攻表即发表）
发汗后身疼痛脉沉迟者桂枝加芍药生姜各一两人参三两新加汤主之
汗泄血中温气阳虚肝陷故脉沉迟经脉凝涩风木郁遏故身疼痛新加汤甘草补其脾精桂枝达其肝气芍药清风木之燥生姜
行经络之瘀人参补肝脾之阳以温营血而充经脉也
桂枝（三两） 甘草（二两炙） 大枣（十二枚） 芍药（四两） 生姜（四两） 人参（三两）
于桂枝汤内加芍药生姜各一两人参三两余根据前法
太阳病桂枝证医反下之利遂不止脉促者表未解也喘而汗出者葛根黄连黄芩汤主之
太阳病桂枝证有表邪而无里邪医反下之败其中气利遂不止此当温里若脉促者是表未解也盖病在经络不解表而攻里表
阳承里虚而内陷为里阴所拒不得下达表里束迫故见促象（脉来数时止复来者曰促）若喘而汗出者是胃气上逆肺阻而为喘
肺郁生热气蒸而为汗也虽内有四逆证外有桂枝证而热在胸膈二方俱不能受宜葛根连芩汤主之葛根达阳明之郁芩连清君相
之火胸膈整肃然后中下之寒徐可议温也 桂枝证解表而用葛根以喘而汗出胸膈郁蒸宜葛根之辛凉不宜桂枝之辛温也
伤寒病，医生误用攻下法，随后出现下利不止、排泄物中夹杂未消化食物的症状，同时身体疼痛。此时应当紧急救治里证；待里证治愈后，若身体仍然疼痛且大小便正常，则应当紧急救治表证。救治里证适宜使用四逆汤（方剂见太阴篇第三），救治表证适宜使用桂枝汤（方剂见太阳篇第五）。
伤寒表证被误用攻下法，损伤了里阳，随后出现下利不止、排泄物中夹杂未消化食物的症状，这已经形成了太阴病的自发性下利，但身体疼痛的表证仍未解除，这是表里同病。然而，此时必须紧急救治里证，无暇顾及表证。在救治里证之后，如果腹泻停止、大便调畅，然后再治疗表证。对于身体疼痛的症状，应当紧急救治。这是因为表邪不解，恐怕里阴再次郁结而产生寒邪，所以要及时救治。救治里证适宜紧急使用四逆汤来温中散寒，救治表证适宜使用桂枝汤来解表散邪。
治疗伤寒而不用麻黄汤，是因为里阳已经虚弱，不敢过度发汗。（这与太阴病下利腹胀满章节的内容互为补充：救治表证即攻击表邪，攻击表邪即发表。）
发汗治疗后，身体疼痛，脉象沉迟，应当主用桂枝加芍药生姜各一两人参三两新加汤。
汗出导致血中温气外泄，阳气虚损，肝气下陷，所以脉象沉迟；经脉凝滞涩涩，风木之气郁遏，所以身体疼痛。新加汤中，甘草补益脾精，桂枝通达肝气，芍药清润风木之燥，生姜疏通经络之瘀滞，人参补益肝脾之阳，以温养营血并充盈经脉。
药物组成：桂枝（三两）、甘草（二两，炙）、大枣（十二枚）、芍药（四两）、生姜（四两）、人参（三两）。
这是在桂枝汤的基础上，增加芍药和生姜各一两，增加人参三两，其余按照前法煎服。
太阳病，属于桂枝证范畴，医生反而误用攻下法，导致腹泻不止，脉象急促，说明表证仍未解除。如果出现气喘且出汗的症状，应当主用葛根黄连黄芩汤。
太阳病桂枝证本有表邪而无里邪，医生反而误用攻下法，损伤了中气，导致腹泻不止。这种情况本应温补里阳，但如果脉象急促，说明表证仍未解除。因为病邪在经络未解，若不先解表而直接攻里，表阳因里虚而内陷，被里阴所拒，不能下达，表里相互束缚逼迫，所以出现促脉（脉搏跳动快速，时有间歇，止后复来）。如果出现气喘且出汗，这是胃气上逆，肺气受阻所致气喘；肺郁而生热，热气蒸腾所致出汗。虽然体内有四逆汤证的寒象，体表有桂枝汤证的表象，但热邪位于胸膈，上述两个方剂均不适用，适宜主用葛根黄连黄芩汤。葛根能通达阳明经的郁滞，黄芩、黄连能清泻君火与相火，使胸膈气机整肃，然后中下焦的寒邪才可以慢慢议定温补之法。桂枝证本应用桂枝解表，但因伴有气喘出汗、胸膈郁蒸，适宜用葛根的辛凉性质，而不宜用桂枝的辛温性质。
In the disease of cold damage (Shanghan), if a physician mistakenly employs purgation, followed by persistent diarrhea with undigested food in the stool and body pain, one must urgently treat the interior syndrome. After the interior is treated, if body pain persists but bowel movements are normal, one must urgently treat the exterior. To treat the interior, Si Ni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction) [see Taiyin Chapter 3] is appropriate; to treat the exterior, Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) [see Taiyang Chapter 5] is appropriate.
When exterior syndromes of cold damage are mistakenly purged, damaging the interior Yang, leading to persistent diarrhea with undigested food, this has evolved into spontaneous diarrhea characteristic of Taiyin syndrome, while the exterior symptom of body pain remains unresolved. This constitutes both exterior and interior involvement. However, urgent treatment of the interior is required, leaving no time for the exterior. After treating the interior, once diarrhea ceases and stools normalize, the exterior can then be treated. For persistent body pain, urgent treatment is necessary because unresolved exterior pathogens may cause interior Yin to stagnate again, generating cold. Therefore, urgent treatment of the interior with Si Ni Tang to warm the middle is indicated, and treatment of the exterior with Guizhi Tang to release the exterior is indicated.
Ma Huang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) is not used in treating cold damage when interior Yang is deficient, as excessive sweating is contraindicated. (This complements the chapter on Taiyin diarrhea with abdominal fullness: treating the exterior is equivalent to attacking the exterior, which is releasing the exterior.)
After sweating therapy, if body pain persists and the pulse is deep and slow, Gui Zhi Jia Shao Yao Sheng Jiang Ge Yi Ren Shen San Liang Xin Jia Tang (Guizhi Decoction with Added Peony, Ginger, One Person, Three Liang of Ginseng, New Formula) should be administered.
Sweating depletes the warming Qi within the blood, causing Yang deficiency and Liver Qi sinking, resulting in a deep and slow pulse. Stagnant meridians and suppressed Wind-Jade (Liver Wood) cause body pain. In Xin Jia Tang, Gan Cao (Licorice Root) tonifies Spleen essence; Gui Zhi (Cinnamon Twig) unblocks Liver Qi; Shao Yao (Peony Root) clears dryness of Wind-Jade; Sheng Jiang (Fresh Ginger) moves stasis in the meridians; and Ren Shen (Ginseng Root) tonifies Liver and Spleen Yang to warm Ying Blood and fill the meridians.
Ingredients: Gui Zhi (Three Liang), Gan Cao (Two Liang, honey-fried), Da Zao (Twelve Dates), Shao Yao (Four Liang), Sheng Jiang (Four Liang), Ren Shen (Three Liang).
This formula adds one Liang each of Shao Yao and Sheng Jiang, and three Liang of Ren Shen to Guizhi Tang, following the previous decoction method.
In Taiyang disease presenting as a Guizhi pattern, if a physician mistakenly uses purgation, causing persistent diarrhea and a rapid pulse indicating the exterior remains unresolved, and if wheezing and sweating occur, Ge Gen Huang Lian Huang Qin Tang (Kudzu, Coptis, and Scutellaria Decoction) should be administered.
Taiyang Guizhi patterns have exterior pathogens without interior pathogens. Mistaken purgation damages Middle Qi, causing persistent diarrhea. Normally, warming the interior is indicated. However, if the pulse is rapid (Cu), it indicates the exterior is unresolved. Since the pathogen is in the meridians and unresolved, attacking the interior without releasing the exterior causes Exterior Yang to sink inward due to interior deficiency. Rejected by interior Yin and unable to descend, the binding pressure between exterior and interior results in a rapid pulse (characterized by frequent beats with occasional pauses). If wheezing and sweating occur, this is due to Stomach Qi rebelling upward obstructing Lung Qi (causing wheezing) and Lung stagnation generating heat that steams outward (causing sweating). Although there are interior signs resembling Si Ni patterns and exterior signs resembling Guizhi patterns, the heat is located in the chest and diaphragm, making both previous formulas unsuitable. Ge Gen Huang Lian Huang Qin Tang is indicated. Ge Gen (Kudzu Root) resolves Yangming stagnation; Huang Qin (Scutellaria Root) and Huang Lian (Coptis Rhizome) clear Ministerial and Sovereign fire, restoring order to the chest and diaphragm. Only then can the cold in the middle and lower jiao be gradually addressed with warming. While Guizhi patterns typically use Guizhi to release the exterior, the presence of wheezing, sweating, and chest-diaphragmatic stagnation favors the acrid-cool nature of Ge Gen over the acrid-warm nature of Guizhi.