伤寒者。寒伤营血脉浮而紧。头痛发热。无汗恶寒。伤风者。风伤卫气。脉浮而缓。头
痛发热。有汗恶风。伤寒见风者。既伤于寒。复感风邪。恶寒不躁。其脉浮缓。伤风见寒者。既
伤于风。复感寒邪。恶风烦躁。其脉浮紧。（以上四症皆冬月即病者）温病者。冬受寒邪。交
春乃发。发热头痛。不恶寒而渴。脉浮数。温疟者。冬受寒邪。复感春寒。脉阴阳俱盛。症
寒热往来。风温者。冬受寒邪。复感春风。头痛身热。自汗身重。默默欲眠。语涩鼻鼾。四
肢不收。尺寸俱浮。又发汗后。身犹灼热者。亦名风温。温疫者。冬受寒邪。复感春温时行
之气。温毒者。冬受寒邪。春有非时之热。复感其邪。或有发 者。（以上五症冬伤于寒病
发于春故皆有温之名也）热病者。冬伤于寒。至夏乃发。头疼身热恶寒。其脉洪盛。伤暑者
。暑热为邪。自汗烦渴。身热脉虚。伤湿者。感受湿邪。身重而痛。自汗微热。两足逆冷。
四肢沉重。胸腹满闷。风湿者。既受湿气。复感风邪。肢体重痛。额汗脉浮。痉者。身热足
寒。头项强急。面红目赤。口噤头摇。角弓反张。若先受风邪。复感于寒。无汗恶寒为刚
痉。先受风邪。复感于湿。恶风有汗为柔痉。仰面而卧。开口为阳。合面而卧。闭目为阴。
浮紧口渴属阳。沉细口和属阴。
伤寒，是寒邪损伤营血，脉象浮而紧。症状表现为头痛、发热、无汗、恶寒。
伤风，是风邪损伤卫气，脉象浮而缓。症状表现为头痛、发热、有汗、恶风。
伤寒兼见风症，是既受寒邪伤害，又感受风邪。症状为恶寒但不烦躁，脉象浮而缓。
伤风兼见寒症，是既受风邪伤害，又感受寒邪。症状为恶风且烦躁，脉象浮而紧。（以上四种病症都是冬季即时发病的）
温病，是冬季感受寒邪，到了春季才发作。症状为发热、头痛，不恶寒而是口渴，脉象浮数。
温疟，是冬季感受寒邪，又感受春季的寒气。脉象寸关尺三部皆盛大，症状为寒热往来。
风温，是冬季感受寒邪，又感受春季的风邪。症状为头痛、身体发热、自汗、身体沉重、沉默想睡觉、言语涩滞、鼻息鼾声、四肢不能收持，脉象尺寸部俱浮。另外，发汗之后，身体仍然灼热的，也叫做风温。
温毒，是冬季感受寒邪，春季又有非时的热气，又感受这种邪气，或者出现发斑的症状。（以上五种病症都是因为冬季受寒，到春季才发病，所以都带有“温”的名称）
热病，是冬季受寒，到了夏季才发作。症状为头疼、身体发热、恶寒，脉象洪大盛实。
伤暑，是暑热成为邪气。症状为自汗、心烦口渴、身体发热、脉象虚软。
伤湿，是感受湿邪。症状为身体沉重而疼痛、自汗、微热、两脚逆冷、四肢沉重、胸腹部胀满闷塞。
风湿，是既受了湿气，又感受了风邪。症状为肢体沉重疼痛、额头出汗、脉象浮。
痉病，症状为身体发热、足部寒冷、头项强直紧急、面色红、眼睛赤、口噤不开、头部摇动、角弓反张。如果先受风邪，又感受寒邪，无汗恶寒的，称为刚痉。先受风邪，又感受湿邪，恶风有汗的，称为柔痉。仰面躺卧、开口的是阳证；合面躺卧、闭目的是阴证。脉象浮紧、口渴的属于阳证；脉象沉细、口中和润的属于阴证。
Shaoyang disease (Taiyang disease, a syndrome caused by pathogenic cold affecting the Taiyang channel) is caused by cold damaging the Ying blood (nutritive blood), presenting with a floating and tight pulse. Symptoms include headache, fever, absence of sweating, and aversion to cold.
Wind injury (Shangfeng, damage by wind pathogens) is caused by wind damaging the Wei Qi (defensive qi), presenting with a floating and moderate pulse. Symptoms include headache, fever, sweating, and aversion to wind.
Shaoyang disease with Wind symptoms occurs when one is first injured by cold and then exposed to wind pathogens. Symptoms are aversion to cold without restlessness, and a floating and moderate pulse.
Wind injury with Cold symptoms occurs when one is first injured by wind and then exposed to cold pathogens. Symptoms are aversion to wind with restlessness, and a floating and tight pulse. (The above four syndromes all manifest immediately during winter.)
Wenbing (Warm disease) is contracted in winter due to cold pathogens but manifests in spring. Symptoms include fever, headache, absence of aversion to cold but presence of thirst, and a floating and rapid pulse.
Wen Nue (Warm malaria) is contracted in winter due to cold pathogens and further exposed to spring cold. The pulse is full at all three positions (Cun, Guan, Chi), and symptoms include alternating chills and fever.
Fengwen (Wind-warmth) is contracted in winter due to cold pathogens and further exposed to spring winds. Symptoms include headache, body heat, spontaneous sweating, heaviness of the body, silence and desire to sleep, slurred speech, snoring, and inability to control the limbs. The pulse is floating at both Cun and Chi positions. Additionally, if intense heat persists after sweating therapy, it is also termed Fengwen.
Wenyi (Warm pestilence) is contracted in winter due to cold pathogens and further exposed to the prevailing warm seasonal qi in spring.
Wendu (Warm toxin) is contracted in winter due to cold pathogens, followed by exposure to abnormal heat in spring, or manifests with skin eruptions. (The above five syndromes are named "Wen" because they originate from winter cold injuries but manifest in spring.)
Rebing (Heat disease) is contracted in winter due to cold but manifests in summer. Symptoms include headache, body heat, aversion to cold, and a洪盛 (Hongsheng, surging and full) pulse.
Shangshu (Summerheat injury) is caused by summerheat becoming pathogenic. Symptoms include spontaneous sweating, irritability, thirst, body heat, and a deficient pulse.
Shangshi (Dampness injury) is caused by contracting damp pathogens. Symptoms include heaviness and pain in the body, spontaneous sweating, slight fever, inversion of cold in the feet, heaviness of the limbs, and distension and stuffiness in the chest and abdomen.
Fengshi (Wind-dampness) occurs when dampness is contracted and then wind pathogens are exposed. Symptoms include heaviness and pain in the limbs, sweating on the forehead, and a floating pulse.
Jing disease (Spasm syndrome) presents with body heat, cold feet, stiffness and tension in the head and neck, red face, red eyes, locked jaw, head tremor, and opisthotonos. If wind pathogens are contracted first and then cold, with no sweating and aversion to cold, it is called Gang Jing (Yang spasm). If wind pathogens are contracted first and then dampness, with aversion to wind and sweating, it is called Rou Jing (Yin spasm). Lying on the back with an open mouth indicates Yang; lying on the stomach with closed eyes indicates Yin. A floating and tight pulse with thirst belongs to Yang; a deep and fine pulse with a normal mouth condition belongs to Yin.