栀子 干姜
医以丸药大下之。身热不去。微烦。病在上者。因而越之。其为吐一也。而所以吐则异。
虚烦而兼少气。加甘草以和中。虚烦而兼呕恶。加生姜以散逆。腹满而虚烦。则中州之实也。入
枳朴以宽中。大热而微烦。则中州之虚也。入干姜以理中。内经曰。气有高下。病有远近。
症有中外。治有重轻。适其所以为治。根据而行之。所谓良矣。
茯苓 芍药 生姜 白术 附子
太阳发汗不解。仍发热。心悸。头眩。身 动。振振欲擗地。又少阴病。二三日至四五
日。腹痛。小便不利。四肢沉重。疼痛下利。此为水气。其人或咳。或小便利。或下利。或呕。
真武。北方水神也。水在心下。外带表而属阳。必应辛散。故治以真武汤。真武生少阴之水
。亦治太阳之悸。夫脾恶湿。腹有水气则不治。脾欲缓。甘以缓之。则土调。故以茯苓甘平
为君。白术甘温为臣。经曰。湿淫所胜。佐以酸辛。故以芍药生姜为佐。经曰。寒淫所胜。
平以辛热。故以附子为使。然水气内清。则变动多端。故立加减之法。咳者。水寒射肺也。
肺气逆。则以五味子酸收之。肺恶寒。则以细辛干姜辛润之。小便利。则去茯苓。以其渗泄
也。小便不利。则去芍药。以其酸涩也。加干姜者。散其寒也。呕者。必因于气逆。附子益气
。故去之。生姜散气。故加之。
栀子 浓朴 枳实
主治泻下之后出现心中烦闷、腹部胀满。坐卧不宁。
栀子 干姜
医生用丸药猛烈攻下，导致身热不退，轻微心烦。病位在上焦的，应当采用涌吐的方法。这属于吐法的范畴，但具体的涌吐机制有所不同。
若是虚烦且兼有气短少气，加入甘草以调和中焦；若是虚烦且兼有呕吐恶心，加入生姜以散逆止呕；若是腹部胀满且伴有虚烦，说明中焦有实邪阻滞，加入枳实、浓朴以宽中除满；若是大热且伴有轻微心烦，说明中焦虚寒，加入干姜以温理中焦。《内经》说：气机有高下之分，疾病有远近之别，症状有内外之异，治疗有轻重之度。顺应疾病的本质进行治疗，依据病机而行医，这才是高明的医术。
茯苓 芍药 生姜 白术 附子
太阳病发汗后病未解除，仍然发热，心悸，头晕目眩，身体颤动，摇摇欲倒。或者是少阴病，经过两三天到四五天，出现腹痛，小便不利，四肢沉重疼痛，腹泻。这是水气为患。患者或者咳嗽，或者小便清长，或者腹泻，或者呕吐。
真武是北方水神的名字。水邪停聚在心下，外连表证而属阳，必须用辛散之法。所以用真武汤治疗。真武汤能生少阴之水，也能治疗太阳病所致的心悸。脾脏厌恶湿气，腹中有水气则脾失健运。脾喜缓，用甘味药来缓和它，则脾气调和。所以用味甘性平的茯苓作为君药，味甘性温的白术作为臣药。《内经》说：湿邪过盛，用酸味和辛味药来佐助。所以用芍药、生姜作为佐药。《内经》说：寒邪过盛，用辛热药来平复它。所以用附子作为使药。然而水气内停，变动多端，所以设立加减变化的法则。咳嗽的，是水寒之气射肺，肺气上逆，就用五味子的酸收作用来收敛肺气；肺恶寒，就用细辛、干姜的辛润作用来温肺；小便通利的，去掉茯苓，因为茯苓具有渗泄利水的作用；小便不利的，去掉芍药，因为芍药味酸涩；加干姜的，是为了散寒；呕吐的，必定是因为气机上逆，附子益气，故去掉它；生姜能散气，所以加上它。
(Symptoms and treatments are seen in the preceding formula)
Gardenia (Zhizi), Licorice Root (Gancao), Fermented Soybean (Xiangchi)
(Symptoms and treatments are seen in the preceding formula)
Gardenia (Zhizi), Fresh Ginger Shengjiang (Shengjiang), Fermented Soybean (Xiangchi)
Gardenia (Zhizi), Magnolia Bark (Noupu), Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi)
Mainly treats irritability and abdominal fullness following purgation. Restlessness in lying down and sitting up.
Gardenia (Zhizi), Dried Ginger (Ganjiang)
The physician used pill medicines to purge severely, resulting in persistent fever and slight irritability. For diseases located in the upper jiao, one should employ the method of emesis. This falls under the category of emetic therapy, but the specific mechanism differs.
If there is deficiency-irritability accompanied by shortness of breath, add Licorice Root (Gancao) to harmonize the middle jiao. If there is deficiency-irritability accompanied by nausea and vomiting, add Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) to disperse rebellious qi. If there is abdominal fullness with deficiency-irritability, it indicates excess in the middle jiao; add Immature Bitter Orange (Zhishi) and Magnolia Bark (Noupu) to broaden the middle and relieve fullness. If there is high fever with slight irritability, it indicates deficiency-cold in the middle jiao; add Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) to regulate the middle. The *Neijing* states: Qi has its high and low positions; diseases have their distant and near origins; symptoms have their internal and external manifestations; treatments have their heavy and light degrees. Adapt to the nature of the disease for treatment, act according to the pathogenesis, and this is called excellent medical practice.
Poria (Fuling), Peony Root (Shaoyao), Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang), Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi)
After sweating for a Taiyang disease, the condition remains unresolved, with persistent fever, palpitations, dizziness, body tremors, and a sensation of tottering as if about to fall. Alternatively, in Shaoyin disease, after two or three days to four or five days, abdominal pain, dysuria, heaviness and pain in the four limbs, and diarrhea occur. This is due to water qi pathology. The patient may cough, or have clear urine, or suffer from diarrhea, or vomit.
Zhenwu refers to the Water God of the North. When water evil stagnates below the heart, extending outward to the exterior and belonging to Yang, it must be treated with acrid dispersal methods. Therefore, Zhenwu Decoction (Zhenwu Tang) is used. Zhenwu Decoction generates water of the Shaoyin and also treats palpitations caused by Taiyang disease. The Spleen dislikes dampness; when there is water qi in the abdomen, the Spleen fails to govern properly. The Spleen desires relaxation; using sweet herbs to relax it harmonizes the Earth element. Thus, Poria (Fuling), which is sweet and neutral, is used as the Sovereign herb. Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome (Baizhu), which is sweet and warm, is used as the Minister herb. The *Classic of Internal Medicine* (*Neijing*) states: "When dampness prevails excessively, assist with sour and acrid herbs." Thus, Peony Root (Shaoyao) and Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) are used as Assistant herbs. The *Neijing* states: "When cold prevails excessively, pacify with acrid-hot herbs." Thus, Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) is used as the Envoy herb. However, internal water qi causes diverse changes, so methods for modifications are established. For coughing, it is water-cold attacking the Lung, causing rebellious Lung qi; use the astringent property of Schisandra Berry (Wuweizi) to collect Lung qi. Since the Lung dislikes cold, use the acrid-moistening properties of Asarum (Xixin) and Dried Ginger (Ganjiang). If urination is free, remove Poria (Fuling) because of its draining and leaching action. If urination is difficult, remove Peony Root (Shaoyao) because of its sour and astringent nature. Adding Dried Ginger (Ganjiang) is to disperse cold. Vomiting is necessarily due to rebellious qi; since Prepared Aconite Root (Fuzi) tonifies qi, it is removed; Fresh Ginger (Shengjiang) disperses qi, so it is added.