麻黄汤。桂枝汤。大青龙汤。小青龙汤。麻杏甘石汤。桂枝加浓朴杏仁汤。葛根汤。五苓散。桂枝
麻黄各半汤。桂枝二麻黄一汤。桂枝二越婢一汤。麻黄连翘赤小豆汤。
发热。恶寒。恶风。头痛。项强。体痛。
凡风寒初感。先入皮毛肌表。外症便有头痛。项强、身痛、腰痛、骨节烦疼、发热恶寒。
此皆太阳经之见症。如无汗而脉浮紧。此营卫俱强而表实也。用麻黄汤以发表。使营卫之邪。从皮毛而出。
则诸症自除矣。如脉浮而弱。汗自出者。此营强卫弱而表虚也。用桂枝汤以解肌。使营卫和。而邪自解矣。
如不汗出而烦躁。此内有伏火。为外寒所郁也。宜大青龙汤。外散表寒。内清里热。则表里俱解矣。
若表不解。咳而微喘。发热不渴者。此心下有水气。不得化汗。干肺而喘咳也。宜小
青龙汤。以行水发汗。喘加杏仁以下气。如小便不利。小腹满。去麻黄。加茯苓以行水。
若身热无汗。口渴而喘者。此外寒束内热也。宜麻杏甘石汤。以解肺分之邪。其喘
立止。如感寒而喘。桂枝加浓朴杏仁汤主之。
如身与骨节俱不疼痛。独头项痛而背强。牵引KT KT 。脉浮。恶风无汗者。此风伤于太阳筋脉也。风能劫液。
其牵引之状。即变痉之端。宜葛根汤主之。以解肌表之风
邪。而生阳明之津液。则筋脉舒。而无牵引之患矣。
如汗后表热未解。脉浮数。烦渴饮水。而小便不利者。此热结膀胱。水停下焦也。五苓散微汗以利之。
如八九日。过经不解。发热恶寒如疟状。一日二三发。其人不呕。非少阳也。小便清
者。无里热也。面有热色者。微邪未解也。身痒者。邪在皮肤中。欲出不得也。宜小汗
之。桂枝麻黄各半汤。若有汗者。宜桂枝二麻黄一汤。热多寒少。宜桂枝二越婢一汤。
若不汗妄下。瘀热在里。但头汗出。小便不利。身体发黄。此太阳误治变症也。麻黄连翘赤小豆汤
主之。以分解表里。使湿热之邪。一从麻黄发汗而出太阳之表。一从赤小豆连翘根之利小便而出太阳之里。
黄自退矣。
麻黄汤。桂枝汤。大青龙汤。小青龙汤。麻杏甘石汤。桂枝加浓朴杏仁汤。葛根汤。五苓散。桂枝麻黄各半汤。桂枝二麻黄一汤。桂枝二越婢一汤。麻黄连翘赤小豆汤。
发热（身体温度升高）。恶寒（怕冷）。恶风（怕风）。头痛。项强（颈部僵硬）。体痛（全身疼痛）。
凡是风寒初次侵袭人体，首先侵入皮毛肌表，外在症状便出现头痛、项强、身痛、腰痛、骨节烦疼、发热恶寒。
这些都是太阳经（足太阳膀胱经）的常见症状。如果无汗且脉象浮紧，这是营卫（营气与卫气）俱强而表实（体表邪气盛实）的表现。使用麻黄汤来发散表邪，使营卫之邪从皮毛排出。
那么各种症状自然消除。如果脉象浮而弱，自汗出，这是营强卫弱而表虚（体表正气不足）的表现。使用桂枝汤来解除肌表之邪，使营卫调和，邪气自然解除。
如果不汗出且烦躁，这是内有伏火（潜伏的热邪），被外寒所郁闭所致。适宜用大青龙汤。外散表寒，内清里热，那么表里之邪都得以解除。
如果表证未解，咳嗽且轻微气喘，发热但不口渴，这是心下（胃脘部）有水气，不能化为汗液，上干于肺导致气喘咳嗽。适宜用小青龙汤，以行水发汗。气喘加重时加杏仁以降气。如果小便不利，小腹胀满，去掉麻黄，加茯苓以利水。
如果身体发热无汗，口渴且气喘，这是外寒束缚内热所致。适宜用麻杏甘石汤，以解除肺分之邪。其气喘立即停止。如果是感受寒邪而气喘，由桂枝加浓朴杏仁汤主治。
如果身体和骨节都不疼痛，唯独头项痛且背部僵硬，牵引筋脉拘急挛缩。脉浮，恶风无汗，这是风邪伤于太阳筋脉。风能劫夺津液。
那种牵引的状态，就是变为痉病（以项背强直、口噤不开甚至角弓反张为特征的病证）的开端。适宜用葛根汤主治。以解除肌表的风邪，并滋生阳明（足阳明胃经）的津液，那么筋脉舒展，就没有牵引的祸患了。
如果在发汗后表热仍未解除，脉象浮数，心烦口渴饮水，且小便不利，这是热结膀胱，水停下焦（下腹部）。用五苓散微发汗以利水。
如果过了八九天，超过本经病程仍未解除，发热恶寒像疟疾一样，一天发作两三次，病人不呕吐，这不是少阳病（邪在半表半里的病证）。小便清澈的，说明没有里热。面色有热色的，说明微邪未解。身体痒的，说明邪气在皮肤中，想出来却出不来。适宜微发汗。用桂枝麻黄各半汤。如果有汗的，适宜用桂枝二麻黄一汤。热多寒少的，适宜用桂枝二越婢一汤。
如果不该发汗却误用攻下法，瘀热在体内，只有头部出汗，小便不利，身体发黄，这是太阳病误治后的变症。用麻黄连翘赤小豆汤主治。以分解表里，使湿热之邪，一个从麻黄发汗而出太阳之表，一个从赤小豆连翘根的利小便而出太阳之里。黄色自然消退。
Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction). Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction). Da Qinglong Tang (Major Blue Green Dragon Decoction). Xiao Qinglong Tang (Minor Blue Green Dragon Decoction). Maxing Gan Shi Tang (Ephedra, Apricot Kernel, Licorice, and Gypsum Decoction). Guizhi Jia Nongpo Xingren Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction with Added Magnolia Bark and Apricot Kernel). Gegen Tang (Kudzu Root Decoction). Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria). Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Ephedra Half-and-Half Decoction). Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang (Two Parts Cinnamon Twig to One Part Ephedra Decoction). Guizhi Er Yubi Yi Tang (Two Parts Cinnamon Twig to One Part Yubi Decoction). Mahlian Qiaoxiao Chixiaodou Tang (Lianqiao, Forsythia, and Red Soybean Decoction).
Fever. Aversion to cold. Aversion to wind. Headache. Stiffness of the neck. Generalized body pain.
Whenever Wind-Cold initially invades, it first enters the skin, hair, and muscle layers. The exterior symptoms include headache, stiffness of the neck, body pain, lower back pain, painful and stiff joints, fever, and aversion to cold.
These are all manifestations of the Taiyang Channel (Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian). If there is no sweating and the pulse is floating and tight, this indicates that Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi) are both strong, representing an Exterior Excess pattern. Use Mahuang Tang to release the exterior, allowing the pathogenic factors of Ying and Wei to exit through the skin and hair.
Then all symptoms will naturally resolve. If the pulse is floating and weak, and spontaneous sweating occurs, this indicates that Ying is strong while Wei is weak, representing an Exterior Deficiency pattern. Use Guizhi Tang to resolve the muscle layer, harmonizing Ying and Wei so that the pathogen resolves spontaneously.
If there is no sweating accompanied by irritability, this indicates latent Fire within, constrained by external Cold. Da Qinglong Tang is appropriate to disperse external Cold externally and clear interior Heat internally, thereby resolving both exterior and interior pathogens.
If the exterior syndrome remains unresolved, with cough and slight wheezing, fever but no thirst, this indicates Water-Qi accumulating below the heart (epigastrium), unable to transform into sweat, affecting the Lung and causing wheezing and cough. Xiao Qinglong Tang is appropriate to promote water metabolism and induce sweating. If wheezing worsens, add Xingren (Apricot Kernel) to direct Qi downward. If urination is difficult and the lower abdomen is full, remove Mahuang and add Fuling (Poria) to promote water metabolism.
If there is body heat, no sweating, thirst, and wheezing, this indicates internal Heat constrained by external Cold. Maxing Gan Shi Tang is appropriate to resolve pathogenic factors in the Lung sector. The wheezing will stop immediately. For wheezing caused by contracting Cold, Guizhi Jia Nongpo Xingren Tang is the primary formula.
If the body and joints do not hurt, but only the head and neck hurt with stiffness in the back, pulling and spasming the tendons. The pulse is floating, with aversion to wind and no sweating. This indicates Wind damaging the Taiyang tendons and vessels. Wind can deplete Body Fluids.
This pulling sensation is the beginning of transformation into Jing Disease (a condition characterized by stiffness of the neck and back, trismus, and opisthotonos). Gegen Tang is appropriate to resolve Wind in the muscle and exterior, generating fluids in the Yangming (Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian) sector, so that the tendons relax and the pulling discomfort ceases.
After sweating, if the exterior heat remains unresolved, the pulse is floating and rapid, with irritability, thirst for drinking water, and difficulty urinating, this indicates Heat binding in the Bladder and Water stagnating in the Lower Jiao (Lower Abdomen). Wuling San induces slight sweating to promote diuresis.
If after eight or nine days, the disease has passed beyond its original stage without resolving, with fever and aversion to cold resembling Malaria, occurring two or three times a day, and the patient does not vomit, this is not Shaoyang Syndrome (a syndrome where pathogenic factors are half-exterior and half-interior). If urination is clear, there is no interior Heat. If the face has a flushed appearance, it indicates mild pathogenic factors remain unresolved. If the body itches, it indicates the pathogen is in the skin, wanting to exit but unable to do so. Slight sweating is appropriate. Guizhi Mahuang Ge Ban Tang is used. If there is sweating, Guizhi Er Mahuang Yi Tang is appropriate. If Heat is predominant over Cold, Guizhi Er Yubi Yi Tang is appropriate.
If inappropriate purging is performed when sweating should have been induced, Stasis-Heat accumulates in the interior, with sweating only on the head, difficulty urinating, and yellowing of the body, this is a complication from mismanagement of Taiyang disease. Mahlian Qiaoxiao Chixiaodou Tang is used to separate and resolve the exterior and interior, allowing Damp-Heat pathogens to exit the Taiyang exterior through sweating via Mahuang, and exit the Taiyang interior through diuresis via Chixiaodou (Red Soybean) and Lianqiao (Forsythia). The jaundice will subside.