百脉一宗皆病形。无复经络最难明。（巢氏云。伤寒百合病者。谓无经络。百脉一宗。悉致病也。皆因伤寒虚劳。大
病之后。不平复而变成斯病也。）欲卧又却不得卧。欲行还复不能行。饮食有美有不美。虽如强健步难胜。如有寒。复无
寒。如有热。复无热。口苦小便还赤结。药才入口即吐利。如有神灵来作孽。病后虚劳多变成。百合地黄汤可啜。（巢氏
云。其状意欲食获不得食。常默。欲卧复不得卧。欲出行而复不能行。饮食或有美时。或有不美时。或如强健人。而欲
卧复不得卧。如有寒复如无寒。如有热复如无热。至朝口苦。小便赤黄。百合之病。诸药不能疗。得药则剧而吐。如有
神灵所加也。身形如和。其人脉微软。每尿辄头痛。其病六十日乃愈。若尿时不头痛。淅淅然如寒者。四十日愈。若尿
时快然但眩者。二十日愈也。）
春气温和夏暑热。秋气凄凉冬凛冽。四时正气自调均。不犯寒邪无病孽。冬时寒凛欲周密。君子深藏宜入室。中而
即病曰伤寒。触冒寒邪成此疾。毒瓦斯若深不即病。至春与夏邪方出。春为温病夏为暑。变态无端证非一。（以上论伤寒也。
仲景云。春为温和。夏为暑热。秋气清凉。冬气冷冽。此则四时正气之序也。冬时严寒。万类深藏。君子周密。则不伤
于寒。触冒之者乃名伤寒耳。其伤于四时之气。皆能为病。以伤寒为最者。以其最成杀厉之气也。中而即病者。名曰伤
寒。不即病者寒毒藏于肌肤。至春变为温病。至夏变为暑病。暑病热极。重于温也。是以辛苦之人。春夏多温热病者。
皆由冬时触冒所致。非时行之气。）若乃时行自不同。盖是不时之气失。春时应暖反大寒。夏时应热却寒栗。秋气清凉大
热来。冬气寒时似春日。少长一般病相似。此是时行号温疫。欲知正气与天行。要在潜心占斗历。（以上论行时疫气。仲
景云。凡时行者。春时应暖而反大寒。夏时应热而反大凉。秋气应凉而大热。冬时应寒而反大温。此非时有其气。是一
岁之中。长幼之病相似者。此时行之气也。夫欲候知四时正气为病及时行疫气之法者。当按斗历占之。）
百脉同出一源，一旦受病则全身脉络皆现症状。此时经络界限模糊，病情极难辨明。（巢元方在《诸病源候论》中记载：伤寒百合病患者，表现为没有明显的经络界限，百脉同出一源，全部致病。这通常是因为伤寒、虚劳，或在大病之后，身体未能完全康复而转变为这种病。）患者想躺下却睡不着，想行走却又走不动。饮食有时觉得美味，有时又觉得难以下咽；虽然外表看似强健，但脚步沉重难以胜任活动。感觉好像有寒邪，但又没有明显的寒象；感觉好像有热邪，但又没有明显的热象。口中发苦，小便短赤且涩痛。药物刚入口就引起呕吐或腹泻。病人常感觉如有神灵作祟一般。这类病症多在大病后的虚劳阶段转变而成。可用百合地黄汤服用治疗。（巢元方记载：其症状表现为想吃东西却吃不下，常常沉默寡言，想躺下却睡不着，想出门行走却又不能行。饮食有时觉得好，有时觉得不好。或者像健康人一样，但想躺下却睡不着。感觉好像有寒又像没有寒，感觉好像有热又像没有热。到了早晨口苦，小便呈赤黄色。百合病，各种药物都不能治愈，服药后病情反而加重并出现呕吐，就像被神灵加害一样。身形看起来正常，脉象微细软。每次排尿时若伴有头痛，六十天可痊愈；如果排尿时不头痛，只是感到阵阵恶寒，四十天可痊愈；如果排尿时感觉畅快但头晕目眩，二十天可痊愈。）
春季气候温和，夏季暑气炎热，秋季气氛凄凉，冬季寒风凛冽。四季的正气自然调和均匀，若不触犯寒邪，就不会生病惹祸。冬季寒气凛冽，人们应当周密防护，君子宜深居室内。如果在感受寒邪后立即发病，称为“伤寒”；若是触冒寒邪而形成的疾病……（此处原文似有脱漏或断句问题，结合下文及仲景原意，意指非即时发病的情况）若毒邪深重而不立即发病，等到春季和夏季邪气才发作出来。在春季发作的称为温病，在夏季发作的称为暑病。其变化无常，证候不止一种。（以上论述的是伤寒。张仲景说：春季气候温和，夏季暑热，秋季清凉，冬季冷冽，这是四季正气的次序。冬季严寒，万物深藏，君子周密防护，就不会受寒伤。触冒寒气的才叫做伤寒。凡是受到四时之气侵害都能致病，其中以伤寒最为严重，因为它形成的是最厉害的杀厉之气。感受寒邪后立即发病的，名叫伤寒；不立即发病的，寒毒潜伏在肌肤之间，到春天变为温病，到夏天变为暑病。暑病热势极盛，比温病更重。所以辛勤劳作的人，春夏季节多患温热病，都是由冬天触冒寒邪所致，并非时行之气。）如果是时行疫病，情况自然不同，这是因为不时之气失常造成的。春季应该温暖却反而大寒，夏季应该炎热却反而寒冷战栗，秋季气候清凉却突然大热，冬季寒冷之时却像春日般温暖。无论老少，患病症状相似，这就是时行病，称为温疫。想要分辨正气致病与天行疫气，关键在于潜心研究天文历法。（以上论述时行疫气。张仲景说：凡是时行病，春季应该温暖却反而大寒，夏季应该炎热却反而大凉，秋季应该凉爽却突然大热，冬季应该寒冷却反而大温。这不是正常的时令气候，而是一年中老人小孩患病症状相似的，这就是时行之气。如果想要掌握四时正气致病及时行疫气的方法，应当依据斗历进行占测。）
All the vessels originate from one source; when diseased, symptoms manifest throughout all vessels. The boundaries of the meridians become indistinct, making the condition extremely difficult to clarify. (Chao Yuanfang stated in *Zhu Bing Yuan Hou Lun*: In *Baihe* disease caused by *Shanghan*, there are no distinct meridian pathways; all vessels share one origin and are collectively affected. This usually transforms into this disease after *Shanghan*, *Xulao* (deficiency and emaciation), or following a major illness where recovery is incomplete.) The patient wishes to lie down but cannot sleep; wishes to walk but cannot move. Food tastes appealing at times and unpalatable at others; although appearing robust, the steps are heavy and difficult to sustain. There is a sensation of cold without actual cold signs; a sensation of heat without actual heat signs. The mouth is bitter, and urination is scanty, red, and painful. Medication causes vomiting or diarrhea immediately upon entering the mouth. The patient often feels as if possessed by spirits. This type of illness frequently transforms from *Xulao* (deficiency and emaciation) after a major illness. It can be treated with drinking *Baihe Dihuang Tang* (Lily Bulb and Rehmannia Decoction). (Chao Yuanfang recorded: The symptoms include wanting to eat but being unable to, often remaining silent, wishing to lie down but unable to sleep, wishing to go out and walk but unable to do so. Diet may seem good at times and bad at others. Or resembling a healthy person, yet unable to sleep when lying down. Feeling as if cold yet not cold, feeling as if hot yet not hot. By morning, the mouth is bitter, and urine is red and yellow. *Baihe* disease cannot be cured by various medicines; taking medicine aggravates the condition and induces vomiting, as if afflicted by spirits. The body shape appears normal, and the pulse is fine, weak, and soft. If headache occurs during each urination, it heals in sixty days; if there is no headache during urination but rather a shivering sensation like cold, it heals in forty days; if there is a smooth sensation during urination but only dizziness, it heals in twenty days.)
Spring climate is mild, summer heat is scorching, autumn air is desolate, winter wind is biting. The righteous qi of the four seasons naturally harmonizes; without encountering cold pathogenic factors, no disease or disaster arises. In winter, when the cold is biting, people should protect themselves meticulously, and gentlemen should stay indoors deeply. If illness strikes immediately after contracting cold, it is called *Shanghan* (Cold Damage); if contracted by exposure to cold pathogenic factors... (The text implies a contrast here regarding delayed onset). If the toxic qi is deep and does not cause immediate illness, the pathogen emerges in spring and summer. Manifesting in spring, it is called *Wenbing* (Warm Disease); manifesting in summer, it is called *Shubing* (Summerheat Disease). Its transformations are endless, and the syndromes are not uniform. (The above discusses *Shanghan*. Zhang Zhongjing said: Spring is mild, summer is hot, autumn is cool, winter is cold; this is the order of the righteous qi of the four seasons. In winter, severe cold causes all things to hide deeply; if gentlemen are meticulous, they will not be injured by cold. Those who are exposed are named having *Shanghan*. Injury by the qi of the four seasons can all cause disease, among which *Shanghan* is the most severe because it forms the most lethal qi. Contracting cold and falling ill immediately is named *Shanghan*; not falling ill immediately, the cold toxin hides in the skin and muscles, transforming into *Wenbing* in spring and *Shubing* in summer. *Shubing* has extreme heat, heavier than *Wenbing*. Therefore, hardworking people suffer more from warm-heat diseases in spring and summer, all caused by exposure in winter, not by the qi of the time epidemic.) If it is a time epidemic (*Shixing*), the situation is naturally different, due to the loss of proper seasonal qi. Spring should be warm but is instead very cold; summer should be hot but is instead cold and shivering; autumn should be cool but sudden heat arrives; winter should be cold but resembles spring. Young and old alike have similar illnesses; this is the time epidemic, called *Wenyi* (Warm Epidemic). To distinguish between righteous qi disease and heavenly passage epidemic (*Tianxing*), one must devote oneself to studying astronomical calendars. (The above discusses time epidemic qi. Zhang Zhongjing said: Whenever there is an epidemic, spring should be warm but is very cold; summer should be hot but is very cool; autumn should be cool but is very hot; winter should be cold but is very warm. This is not the appropriate qi for the season; within a year, the illnesses of the long and young are similar; this is the qi of the time epidemic. Regarding the method to observe and know diseases caused by the righteous qi of the four seasons and time epidemics, one should consult the Big Dipper calendar.)