大法。春夏宜发汗。
此叔和推法外意。举大概以揭言之。春夏宜发汗者。顺阳事也。然伤寒。冬病也。可以此拘乎。
不可以此拘仲景肯言哉。
凡似此者。后学皆当别识。诚如此。则进道方为有益。
凡发汗。欲令手足俱周。时出。以 然一时间许。亦佳。不可令如水流漓。若病不解。当
重发汗。汗多必亡阳。阳虚不得重发汗也。
此叮咛发汗之节度。
凡服汤发汗。中病便止。不必尽剂。
此叮咛进汤之节度。
凡云可发汗。无汤者。丸散亦可用。要以汗出为解。然不如汤。随证良验。
此示人用汤丸经权应变之宜。以上五条。疑皆叔和语。
夫病脉浮大。问病者。言但便硬尔。设利者为大逆。硬为实。汗出而解。何以故。脉浮。当以汗解。
此言便虽硬。若脉见浮。犹当从汗解。盖互下不宜早。而曲致叮咛之意。
下利后。身疼痛。清便自调者。急当救表。宜桂枝汤发汗。
此互太阳中篇第二十三条末节。而曲致叮咛之意。
发汗多。亡阳。谵语者。不可下。与柴胡桂枝汤。和其荣卫。以通津液。后自愈。
此互误汗亡阳。而曲致其轻者之救法。
此一卷第十七篇。凡三十一证。前有详说。
合四证。已具太阳篇中。
以上二条。乃叔和类具篇目。指经中条册之不能分出者而言。勉人当精详经旨。务为通贯其
义。以期尽道之意。读者自会。则书之全求可言矣。
治疗的大法。春夏季节适宜使用发汗法。
这是王叔和推演医理之外的深意。列举大概原则以揭示其主旨。春夏适宜发汗，是为了顺应阳气生发的规律。然而伤寒是冬季发生的疾病，难道能因此被这种说法所拘束吗？
不能因为这种说法就拘泥于仲景的言论。
凡是类似这种情况，后学的医者都应当有独特的见解。确实能够如此，那么增进医术之道才真正有益。
凡是使用发汗法，希望让手足周身都均匀出汗，持续一段时间，大约一顿饭的时间左右，这样也很好。不可以让汗水像水流一样淋漓不止。如果病邪没有解除，应当再次发汗。但是汗出过多必定会导致亡阳（阳气耗脱）。阳气虚弱的人不得再次发汗。
这是在反复叮咛发汗法的节度与分寸。
凡是服用汤药进行发汗，一旦病症缓解就停止服药，不必服完整个剂量的药。
这是在反复叮咛服用汤药的节度与分寸。
凡是说可以使用发汗法，但没有汤药的情况下，丸剂或散剂也可以使用。关键是要以出汗作为病解的标志。然而，这不如汤药那样能随证候变化而取得良好的疗效。
这是在向人们展示使用汤剂或丸散时权变应变的适宜方法。以上五条，怀疑都是王叔和的话。
如果病人的脉象浮大，询问病人，他说只是大便干硬而已。假设此时使用泻下法就是极大的错误。大便硬属于实证，通过发汗使腠理开泄，病邪随汗而出即可解除。为什么呢？因为脉浮，应当用发汗法来解除表邪。
这是在说明即使大便虽然干硬，但如果脉象见浮，仍然应当从发汗法来解除病邪。大概是考虑到过早使用下法不宜，从而委婉地表达叮咛告诫之意。
腹泻之后，身体疼痛，大小便正常通畅的，应当紧急救治表证。适宜使用桂枝汤发汗。
这是互见于太阳篇第二十三条末尾部分，从而委婉地表达叮咛告诫之意。
发汗过多，导致亡阳，出现谵语（神志不清，胡言乱语）的，不可使用泻下法。给予柴胡桂枝汤，调和营卫，以通利津液，之后自然痊愈。
这是互见于误用发汗法导致亡阳的情况，从而委婉地提出病情较轻时的救治方法。
这一卷第十七篇，共有三十一证，前面已有详细说明。
合并这四证，已经具备在太阳篇中。
以上两条，是王叔和分类编排篇目的体现，指出经典原文中那些无法单独分出的条文章节。勉励读者应当精研详察经旨，务必贯通其义，以期穷尽医道之真意。读者若能自行领会，那么对书籍整体的探求就可以说了。
General Principles. In spring and summer, it is appropriate to use diaphoresis (sweating therapy).
This represents Wang Shuhe's deduction of meanings beyond the explicit text. It cites general principles to reveal the main idea. The appropriateness of diaphoresis in spring and summer is to conform to the physiological activity of Yang Qi. However, Shanghan (Cold Damage) is a disease occurring in winter; can one be constrained by this principle?
One should not be constrained by this when considering Zhang Zhongjing's statements.
For all such cases, students of later generations ought to possess distinct insights. If one truly achieves this, then progress in the Dao of medicine will indeed be beneficial.
Regarding any use of diaphoresis, one should aim for uniform sweating throughout the hands and feet, sustained for a period, approximately the time it takes to eat a meal, which is also good. One must not allow sweat to flow profusely like water. If the disease does not resolve, one may re-administer diaphoresis. However, excessive sweating will inevitably lead to Wang Yang (loss of Yang Qi). When Yang Qi is deficient, re-administration of diaphoresis is contraindicated.
This serves as a reiterated caution regarding the degree and measure of diaphoresis.
Whenever decoctions are taken to induce sweating, stop administration once the illness is addressed; there is no need to finish the entire dose.
This serves as a reiterated caution regarding the dosage regimen of administering decoctions.
Wherever it states that diaphoresis is permissible, if no decoction is available, pills or powders may also be used. The essential criterion is that resolution occurs with sweating. Nevertheless, this is inferior to decoctions, which offer better efficacy tailored to specific syndromes.
This demonstrates the appropriate flexibility in using decoctions versus pills/powders. The above five paragraphs are suspected to be the words of Wang Shuhe.
If the patient's pulse is floating and large, and upon inquiry, the patient states only that the stool is hard, assuming purgation would be a major error. Hardness indicates excess; the condition resolves through sweating. Why? Because a floating pulse indicates that the exterior should be resolved via diaphoresis.
This explains that even if the stool is hard, if the pulse presents as floating, one should still resolve the condition via diaphoresis. This likely reflects a concern against premature purgation, thereby conveying a nuanced admonition.
After diarrhea, if the body aches but bowel and bladder functions are normal, urgent treatment of the exterior syndrome is required. Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is appropriate to induce diaphoresis.
This cross-references the end of Article 23 in the Taiyang Chapter, conveying a nuanced admonition.
Excessive sweating leading to Wang Yang (loss of Yang Qi), accompanied by delirium (incoherent speech), is contraindicated for purgation. Administer Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to harmonize Ying and Wei (Nutritive and Defensive Qi), thereby facilitating the flow of Jin Ye (Body Fluids); the condition will subsequently heal spontaneously.
This cross-references the management of mild cases resulting from erroneous sweating causing loss of Yang Qi.
This volume, Chapter 17, contains thirty-one cases, which have been detailed previously.
These four cases are already included within the Taiyang Chapter.
The above two paragraphs reflect Wang Shuhe's classification and chapter arrangement, pointing out those sections of the classic text that cannot be distinctly separated. This encourages readers to meticulously study the intent of the classics and strive for a coherent understanding of their meaning, aiming to exhaust the true essence of the medical Dao. If readers can comprehend this independently, then a comprehensive grasp of the book can be said to be achieved.