（此方自原论中第十卷采附于此）
于白虎汤内加 人参（三两） 余根据白虎汤法
内台方议云。白虎汤证。前已议之。加人参者。取其生津止渴之义也。
琥按白虎汤加人参。虽云取其生津液。止渴。然亦必汗下后。胃气大虚。更兼汗多。热渴不解者。方可议加人参。
否则勿轻加也。
（附例）伤寒病。若吐。若下后。七八日不解。热结在里。表里俱热。时时恶风大渴。舌上干燥而烦。欲饮水数升
者。白虎加人参汤主之。（自此以下其三条。皆自太阳下编移附于此。此条伤寒病。虽自太阳经传来。要之既吐且下。而
其邪不解。至七八日之时。寒郁为热。已入阳明之府。而邪热更甚矣。里者。府也。表者。经也。热结在里者。谓府热
甚于经也。表里俱热者。表热。则阳明经肌肉间热。时时恶风者。乃热极汗多。不能收摄。腠理疏。以故时时恶风也。
里热。则胃府中燥热。以故大渴。舌上干燥而烦。欲饮水数升。此因吐下之后。胃气虚。内亡津液以故燥渴甚极也。与
白虎汤加人参。扶正气以分解内外之邪热。要之此汤。惟正气虚而邪气微者宜之。若邪气甚者。不敢轻加人参也。）
伤寒无大热。口燥渴。心烦。背微恶寒者。白虎加人参汤主之。（伤寒当身有热。今者身无大热。此太阳之表证已解
也。口燥渴。心烦是阳明之里证方盛也。背微恶寒。此非太阳经有余邪。乃病患燥渴心烦之极。内蒸热而表必多汗。以
故恶寒。与上条恶风之义相同。系肌表虚极也。与白虎汤以解里热。加人参以固表虚。愚按此条伤寒。当即是上条病。
于吐下之后。胃气亦虚。故敢加人参也。）
伤寒脉浮。发热无汗。其表不解者。不可与白虎汤。渴欲饮水。无表证者。白虎加人参汤主之。（伤寒脉浮。此兼有
风也。发热无汗。乃太阳在表风寒之邪未除也。白虎汤。但能解肌表之热。不能解皮表之寒。故云。不可与也。若渴欲
饮水。无太阳在表之证。府燥热极。有汗者。方可与白虎汤。成注疑其不可加人参。因云。临病之工。大宜精别愚以人
参一味。诚不宜轻加也。）
若脉浮。发热。渴欲饮水。小便不利者。猪苓汤主之。（此条病本接前第一条白虎加人参汤证。而申言之也。成注云。
此亦下后邪热客于下焦之证。阳明病误下。胃中空虚。上焦受伤。与下焦何与。盖下后则胃中津液亡。而燥渴欲饮水。
但渴未甚而与之水。水不能消。积于下焦。小便因而不利。其脉浮者。非风邪在表之脉浮。乃热邪伤气之脉浮也。夫热
伤阳明血分。则潮热。热伤阳明气分。仍发热。故与猪苓汤以专清里热。利小便。而脉浮发热自愈。此又阳明病。利小
便之一法也。或问渴欲饮水。与白虎汤证相同。且也。白虎汤证。亦未尝云小便利。兹何以因其小便不利。即改用猪苓
汤也。余答云。白虎汤证。即或有小便不利者。但病患汗出多。水气得以外泄。今观下条云。汗出多。不可与猪苓汤乃
知此证。其汗亦少。汗与溺俱无。则所饮之水。安得不停。故用猪苓汤。上以润燥渴。下以利湿热也。或又问云。病患
既停水湿。何以犹见燥渴。余又答云。今人病热。大渴引饮。饮愈多。则渴愈甚。所饮之水既多。一时小便岂能尽去。
况人既病热。则气必偏胜。水自趋下。火自炎上。此即是水湿停而燥渴之征。）
（此方剂从原论第十卷中采集并附于此）
在白虎汤中加入人参（三两），其余遵循白虎汤的煎服法。
《内台方议》中说：白虎汤证，前面已经讨论过。加入人参，是取其生津液、止渴的意义。
琥按：在白虎汤中加入人参，虽然说是为了生津液、止渴，但也必须是经过发汗或攻下后，胃气大虚，再加上出汗多，热盛口渴不解的情况下，才可以考虑加入人参。
否则不要轻易加入。
（附例）伤寒病，如果经过催吐或攻下后，七八天病情仍未解除，热邪结聚在体内，表里都发热，经常感到怕风，极度口渴，舌面干燥且烦躁，想要喝几升水，用白虎加人参汤主治。（从这以下三条，都是从太阳病篇移附于此。这条伤寒病，虽然是从太阳经传变而来，但既然已经经过吐法和下法，而邪气未解，到了七八天时，寒邪郁结化为热邪，已经进入阳明腑，而且邪热更加严重了。所谓“里”，指的是腑；所谓“表”，指的是经。“热结在里”，是说腑的热势重于经的热势。“表里俱热”，表热是指阳明经肌肉间的发热，“经常怕风”，是因为热极出汗多，不能固摄，腠理疏松，所以经常怕风。里热，是指胃腑中的燥热，所以极度口渴，舌面干燥且烦躁，想要喝几升水，这是因为经过吐下之后，胃气虚弱，内部津液亡失，所以燥渴非常严重。给予白虎加人参汤，扶助正气以分解内外的邪热。总之，此汤剂只适用于正气虚弱而邪气轻微的情况。如果邪气严重，不敢轻易加入人参。）
伤寒病身无大热，口干燥渴，心烦，背部微微怕冷的，用白虎加人参汤主治。（伤寒病应当身体发热，现在身体没有大热，这说明太阳表的证候已经解除。口干燥渴、心烦是阳明里的证候正在兴盛的表现。背部微微怕冷，这不是太阳经有余留的邪气，而是病人燥渴心烦到了极点，内部蒸腾发热导致体表必然多汗，所以怕冷，这与上一条“怕风”的意义相同，属于肌表极度虚弱。给予白虎汤以解除里热，加入人参以固护表虚。我按：这条伤寒病，应当就是上一条的病，在吐下之后，胃气也虚弱，所以才敢加入人参。）
伤寒病脉浮，发热，无汗，表证未解除的，不可给予白虎汤。如果口渴想喝水，没有表证的，用白虎加人参汤主治。（伤寒病脉浮，这是兼有风邪。发热无汗，是太阳在表的风寒邪气尚未清除。白虎汤只能解除肌表的热邪，不能解除皮表的寒邪，所以说不可给予。如果口渴想喝水，没有太阳在表的证候，腑中燥热极盛，有汗出的，才可以给予白虎汤。成无己注怀疑这里不可加人参，因此说：“临证治疗的医生，尤其应该精审辨别。”我认为人参一味药，确实不应该轻易加入。）
如果脉浮，发热，口渴想喝水，小便不利的，用猪苓汤主治。（这条病原本承接前第一条白虎加人参汤证，进一步阐述。成无己注说：这也是攻下后邪热客居在下焦的证候。阳明病误用下法，胃中空虚，上焦受伤，与下焦有什么关系呢？大概是因为攻下后胃中津液亡失，导致燥渴想喝水，但渴感并不十分严重，此时给水饮用，水不能被消化，积聚在下焦，小便因此不利。其脉浮，不是风邪在表的脉浮，而是热邪伤气的脉浮。热邪损伤阳明血分，则出现潮热；热邪损伤阳明气分，仍表现为发热。所以给予猪苓汤专门清利里热，通利小便，而脉浮发热自然痊愈。这又是治疗阳明病通利小便的一种方法。有人问：口渴想喝水，与白虎汤证相同，而且白虎汤证也未尝说小便通利，这里为什么因为小便不利就改用猪苓汤呢？我回答说：白虎汤证，即使有小便不利的情况，但因为病人出汗多，水气得以向外排泄。现在看下一条说：“出汗多，不可给予猪苓汤”，由此可知此证，其汗出也少。汗与尿都没有，那么所饮入的水，怎么能不停留呢？所以用猪苓汤，上以滋润燥渴，下以利湿热。又有人问：病人既然停蓄水湿，为什么还见到燥渴？我又回答说：现在人患热病，极度口渴引水，喝得越多，渴感越甚。所饮入的水既然很多，一时之间小便怎能全部排出？况且人既患热病，则气机必然偏胜，水自然趋向下行，火自然炎上，这就是水湿停聚而燥渴的表现。）
(This prescription is extracted from Volume 10 of the original treatise and appended here.)
Add Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 3 liang) to Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), and follow the preparation and administration methods of Bai Hu Tang for the rest.
*Nei Tai Fang Yi* states: The syndrome of Bai Hu Tang has been discussed previously. Adding Ren Shen is to utilize its meaning of generating fluids and relieving thirst.
Hu notes: Although adding Ren Shen to Bai Hu Tang is said to generate fluids and relieve thirst, it should only be considered when there is significant deficiency of Stomach Qi after sweating or purging, accompanied by profuse sweating and unresolved heat with intense thirst.
Otherwise, do not add it lightly.
(Attached Example) In a Shang Han disease, if after emesis or purging, the condition remains unresolved for seven to eight days, with heat binding inside the interior, manifesting as heat in both the exterior and interior, frequent aversion to wind, extreme thirst, dryness and irritability on the tongue, and a desire to drink several sheng of water, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is the primary treatment. (The following three clauses are all transferred from the Tai Yang chapter and appended here. This Shang Han disease, although transmitted from the Tai Yang meridian, since it has undergone emesis and purging without resolving the pathogen, by the seventh or eighth day, the cold has transformed into heat due to constraint, entering the Fu organ of the Yangming, where the pathogenic heat is even more severe. "Interior" refers to the Fu organs; "Exterior" refers to the meridians. "Heat binding in the interior" means the heat in the Fu organs is more severe than in the meridians. "Heat in both exterior and interior": Exterior heat refers to heat between the muscles of the Yangming meridian. Frequent aversion to wind occurs because extreme heat causes profuse sweating, failing to secure the pores, leading to loose interstices, hence frequent aversion to wind. Interior heat refers to dry-heat in the Stomach Fu, causing extreme thirst, dryness and irritability on the tongue, and a desire to drink several sheng of water. This is due to the deficiency of Stomach Qi after emesis and purging, resulting in the loss of internal fluids, thus causing extreme dry-thirst. Administer Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang to support the righteous Qi and resolve the pathogenic heat in both interior and exterior. In summary, this decoction is suitable only when the righteous Qi is deficient and the pathogenic factor is mild. If the pathogenic factor is severe, one dare not add Ren Shen lightly.)
In Shang Han disease, if there is no significant body heat, but rather dry mouth and thirst, mental agitation, and slight aversion to cold on the back, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is the primary treatment. (Shang Han disease typically presents with body heat. The absence of significant heat now indicates that the Tai Yang exterior syndrome has resolved. Dry mouth and thirst, along with mental agitation, indicate that the Yangming interior syndrome is flourishing. Slight aversion to cold on the back is not due to residual pathogen in the Tai Yang meridian, but rather results from the patient's extreme dry-thirst and agitation, causing internal steaming heat which leads to profuse sweating on the surface, hence the aversion to cold. This shares the same mechanism as the "aversion to wind" in the previous clause, indicating extreme deficiency of the muscle-surface. Administer Bai Hu Tang to resolve the interior heat, and add Ren Shen to secure the exterior deficiency. I note: This case of Shang Han disease should be the same as the previous one; after emesis and purging, the Stomach Qi is also deficient, which justifies the addition of Ren Shen.)
In Shang Han disease, if the pulse is floating, there is fever, no sweating, and the exterior syndrome is not resolved, Bai Hu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) must not be administered. If there is a desire to drink water and no exterior syndrome, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is the primary treatment. (A floating pulse in Shang Han disease implies the presence of Wind pathogen. Fever with no sweating indicates that the Wind-Cold pathogen at the Tai Yang exterior has not been eliminated. Bai Hu Tang can only resolve heat in the muscle-layer but cannot dispel cold at the skin-surface; therefore, it is stated that it should not be given. If there is a desire to drink water, no Tai Yang exterior syndrome, extreme dry-heat in the Fu organs, and sweating present, then Bai Hu Tang may be given. Cheng Wuji noted doubt regarding the addition of Ren Shen, stating: "Practitioners treating patients must be extremely precise and discerning." I believe that Ren Shen indeed should not be added lightly.)
If the pulse is floating, there is fever, a desire to drink water, and dysuria (difficulty in urination), Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction) is the primary treatment. (This clause originally follows the first clause of Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang syndrome to elaborate further. Cheng Wuji notes: This is also a syndrome where pathogenic heat resides in the Lower Jiao after purging. In Yangming disease, erroneous purging empties the Stomach and injures the Upper Jiao; what does this have to do with the Lower Jiao? Generally, after purging, the fluids in the Stomach are lost, leading to dry-thirst and a desire to drink. However, if the thirst is not severe and water is given, the water cannot be metabolized, accumulating in the Lower Jiao, causing dysuria. The floating pulse here is not the floating pulse of Wind pathogen at the exterior, but rather a floating pulse caused by heat injuring Qi. Heat injuring the Blood aspect of Yangming causes tidal fever; heat injuring the Qi aspect of Yangming still presents as fever. Therefore, Zhu Ling Tang is administered to specifically clear interior heat and promote urination, thereby resolving the floating pulse and fever naturally. This is another method for treating Yangming disease by promoting urination. One might ask: The desire to drink water is similar to the Bai Hu Tang syndrome, and the Bai Hu Tang syndrome does not explicitly state whether urination is normal or not. Why change to Zhu Ling Tang solely because of dysuria? I answer: In the Bai Hu Tang syndrome, even if there is dysuria, the patient sweats profusely, allowing water vapor to escape externally. Looking at the next clause, it says: "Profuse sweating contraindicates Zhu Ling Tang," implying that in this case, sweating is also scanty. With neither sweat nor urine, the ingested water cannot dissipate, hence Zhu Ling Tang is used to moisten upper dry-thirst and drain damp-heat below. Another question arises: Since the patient retains water-dampness, why is there still dry-thirst? I answer again: When people suffer from heat diseases, they drink excessively due to extreme thirst. The more they drink, the thirstier they become. Since a large amount of water is ingested, how can it all be excreted via urine at once? Moreover, in heat disease, Qi tends to rise/excessively active, Water tends to flow downward, and Fire flares upward. This is precisely the sign of water-damp retention accompanying dry-thirst.)