太阳病。关节疼痛而烦。脉沉而细者。此名湿痹。其候小便不利。大便反快。但当利其小便
。
湿为六淫之一。故其感人。亦如风寒之先在太阳。但风寒伤于肌腠。而湿则流入关节。风脉浮
。寒脉紧。而湿脉则沉而细。湿性濡滞而气重着。故名湿痹。痹者。闭也。然中风者。必先有内风
。而后召外风。中湿者。亦必先有内湿。而后感外湿。由其人平日土德不及。而湿动于中。由是气
化不速。而湿侵于外。外内合邪。为关节疼痛。为小便不利。大便反快。治之者。必先逐内湿。而
后可以除外湿。故当利其小便。东垣亦云。治湿不利小便。非其治也。
湿家之为病。一身尽疼。发热。身色如熏黄。
湿外盛者。其阳必内郁。湿外盛为身疼。阳内郁则发热。热与湿合。交蒸互郁。则身色如熏黄
。熏黄者。如烟之熏。色黄而晦。湿气沉滞故也。若热黄则黄而明。所谓身黄如橘子色也。
湿家。其人但头汗出。背强。欲得被覆向火。若下之早则哕。或胸满。小便不利。舌上如苔者
。以丹田有热。胸
上有寒。渴欲得水。而不能饮。则口燥烦也。
寒湿居表。阳气不得外通。而但上越。为头汗出。为背强。欲得被覆向火。是宜用温药以通阳
。不可与攻法以逐湿。乃反下之。则阳更被抑而哕乃作矣。或上焦之阳不布。而胸中满。或下焦之
阳不化。而小便不利。随其所伤之处而为病也。舌上如苔者。本非胃热。而舌上津液。燥聚如苔之
状。实非苔也。盖下后阳气反陷于下。而寒湿仍聚于上。于是丹田有热。而渴欲得水。胸上有寒。
而复不能饮。则口舌燥烦。而津液乃聚耳。
湿家下之。额上汗出。微喘。小便利者。死。若下利不止者。亦死。
湿病在表者宜汗。在里者宜利小便。苟非湿热蕴积成实未可遽用下法。额汗出微喘。阳已离而上行。
小便利。下利不止。阴复决而下走。阴阳离决。故死。一作小便不利者死。谓阳上浮而阴不下济也
。亦通。湿家病。身疼痛。发热。面黄而喘。头痛。鼻塞而烦。其脉大。自能饮食。腹中和无病
。病在头中寒湿。故鼻塞。内药鼻中则愈。
寒湿在上。则清阳不布。身疼头痛鼻塞者。湿上盛也。发热面黄烦喘者。阳被郁也。而脉大则
非沉细之比。腹和无病则非小便不利大便反快之比。是其病不在腹中而在头。疗之者。宜但治其头
而无犯其腹。内药鼻中。如瓜蒂散之属。使黄水出。则寒湿去而愈。不必服药。以伤其中也。
太阳病。关节疼痛而烦。脉沉而细者。此名湿痹。其候小便不利。大便反快。但当利其小便 。
太阳病（太阳经受邪所致的病证），出现关节疼痛且伴有烦躁不安，脉象沉而细的，这称为湿痹（因湿邪阻滞经络导致的痹证）。其症状表现为小便不通畅，大便反而稀溏易泻。治疗时只应当采用通利小便的方法。
湿为六淫之一。故其感人。亦如风寒之先在太阳。但风寒伤于肌腠。而湿则流入关节。风脉浮 。寒脉紧。而湿脉则沉而细。湿性濡滞而气重着。故名湿痹。痹者。闭也。然中风者。必先有内风 。而后召外风。中湿者。亦必先有内湿。而后感外湿。由其人平日土德不及。而湿动于中。由是气 化不速。而湿侵于外。外内合邪。为关节疼痛。为小便不利。大便反快。治之者。必先逐内湿。而 后可以除外湿。故当利其小便。东垣亦云。治湿不利小便。非其治也。
湿邪是六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火六种外感病邪）之一。所以它侵袭人体，也像风寒之邪先侵犯太阳经一样。但是风寒损伤肌肤腠理，而湿邪则流注进入关节。感受风邪的脉象浮，感受寒邪的脉象紧，而感受湿邪的脉象则沉而细。湿的性质黏腻停滞，且导致身体沉重困倦，所以称为湿痹。“痹”的意思是闭塞不通。然而，患中风病的人，必定先有内在的风邪，然后才招致外来的风邪；患湿病的人，也必定先有内在的湿邪，然后才感受外来的湿邪。这是因为此人平素脾胃功能不足（土德不及，指脾虚），导致体内湿气内生。因此气化功能迟缓，使得外部湿邪容易侵入。内外湿邪相合，导致关节疼痛、小便不通畅、大便反而稀溏。治疗的人，必须先祛除体内的湿邪，然后才可以排除体外的湿邪。所以应当采用通利小便的方法。李东垣也曾说过，治疗湿病如果不通利小便，就不是正确的治疗方法。
湿家之为病。一身尽疼。发热。身色如熏黄。
患有湿病的人，全身都感到疼痛，发热，身体颜色像被烟熏过的黄色（暗黄无光泽）。
湿外盛者。其阳必内郁。湿外盛为身疼。阳内郁则发热。热与湿合。交蒸互郁。则身色如熏黄 。熏黄者。如烟之熏。色黄而晦。湿气沉滞故也。若热黄则黄而明。所谓身黄如橘子色也。
外部湿邪旺盛，体内的阳气必然被郁遏在内。外部湿邪盛导致身体疼痛，阳气在内部被郁遏则导致发热。热邪与湿邪结合，相互蒸腾郁结，就会导致身体颜色像烟熏一样的黄色。所谓的“熏黄”，就像被烟熏过一样，颜色发黄而且晦暗，这是因为湿性沉滞的缘故。如果是热邪导致的黄疸，颜色则是鲜黄明亮的，也就是所说的身体黄得像橘子皮的颜色。
湿家。其人但头汗出。背强。欲得被覆向火。若下之早则哕。或胸满。小便不利。舌上如苔者 。以丹田有热。胸 上有寒。渴欲得水。而不能饮。则口燥烦也。
患有湿病的人，只有头部出汗，背部僵硬拘急，想要盖被子靠近火源取暖。如果过早使用攻下法治疗，就会发生呃逆（打嗝），或者胸部胀满，小便不通畅，舌面上好像有一层苔藓状的东西。这是因为下焦（丹田）有热，上焦（胸中）有寒。病人口渴想喝水，但又不能喝下去，从而导致口腔干燥、心烦意乱。
寒湿居表。阳气不得外通。而但上越。为头汗出。为背强。欲得被覆向火。是宜用温药以通阳 。不可与攻法以逐湿。乃反下之。则阳更被抑而哕乃作矣。或上焦之阳不布。而胸中满。或下焦之 阳不化。而小便不利。随其所伤之处而为病也。舌上如苔者。本非胃热。而舌上津液。燥聚如苔之 状。实非苔也。盖下后阳气反陷于下。而寒湿仍聚于上。于是丹田有热。而渴欲得水。胸上有寒。 而复不能饮。则口舌燥烦。而津液乃聚耳。
寒湿邪气停留在体表，阳气不能向外通达，只能向上浮越，导致头部出汗、背部僵硬、想要盖被子靠近火源。这种情况适宜使用温性的药物来通阳，不可以用攻下的方法来驱逐湿邪。如果反而使用攻下法，那么阳气会被进一步抑制，从而引发呃逆。或者因为上焦的阳气不能布散，导致胸部胀满；或者因为下焦的阳气不能运化，导致小便不通畅。这都是随着邪气伤害的部位不同而产生相应的病症。舌面上好像有苔藓，本来不是胃中有热，而是舌面上的津液，因为阳气受损而干燥聚集，呈现出像苔藓一样的状态，实际上并不是真正的舌苔。大概是因为攻下之后，阳气反而陷入下部，而寒湿仍然聚集在上部。于是下焦（丹田）有热，所以口渴想喝水；上焦（胸中）有寒，所以又不能喝下去。这就导致口腔和舌头干燥、心烦，而津液也就凝聚在那里了。
湿家下之。额上汗出。微喘。小便利者。死。若下利不止者。亦死。
患有湿病的人，如果被误用攻下法，导致额头出汗，轻微气喘，小便通畅的，会死亡。如果出现腹泻不止的情况，也会死亡。
湿病在表者宜汗。在里者宜利小便。苟非湿热蕴积成实未可遽用下法。额汗出微喘。阳已离而上行 。小便利。下利不止。阴复决而下走。阴阳离决。故死。一作小便不利者死。谓阳上浮而阴不下济也 。亦通。湿家病。身疼痛。发热。面黄而喘。头痛。鼻塞而烦。其脉大。自能饮食。腹中和无病 。病在头中寒湿。故鼻塞。内药鼻中则愈。
湿病在体表的适宜用发汗法，在体内的适宜用通利小便法。如果不是湿热蕴结积聚形成实证，不可以轻易使用攻下法。额头出汗、轻微气喘，说明阳气已经离散并向上浮越；小便通畅、腹泻不止，说明阴气也决裂并向下流失。阴阳离决，所以会导致死亡。另一种说法是小便不通畅的会死亡，意思是阳气上浮而阴气不能下行济助，这也讲得通。患有湿病的人，身体疼痛，发热，面色发黄且伴有气喘，头痛，鼻塞且烦躁，脉象大，能够正常进食，腹部调和没有不适。这是病邪在头部受到寒湿侵袭所致，所以出现鼻塞。将药物纳入鼻腔中就可以痊愈。
寒湿在上。则清阳不布。身疼头痛鼻塞者。湿上盛也。发热面黄烦喘者。阳被郁也。而脉大则 非沉细之比。腹和无病则非小便不利大便反快之比。是其病不在腹中而在头。疗之者。宜但治其头 而无犯其腹。内药鼻中。如瓜蒂散之属。使黄水出。则寒湿去而愈。不必服药。以伤其中也。
寒湿邪气在上部，导致清阳之气不能布散。身体疼痛、头痛、鼻塞，这是湿邪在上部旺盛的表现。发热、面色发黄、烦躁、气喘，这是阳气被郁遏的表现。脉象大，这就不同于前面提到的沉细脉；腹部调和没有病，这就不同于前面提到的小便不利、大便反快的情况。这说明病邪不在腹部而在头部。治疗的时候，应该只治疗头部，而不侵犯腹部。将药物纳入鼻腔中，比如瓜蒂散之类的方剂，让黄色的液体流出，那么寒湿邪气去除就能痊愈。不需要服用口服药物，以免损伤中焦脾胃之气。
Taiyang disease (disease pattern caused by pathogenic factors invading the Taiyang channel), characterized by joint pain accompanied by restlessness, and a pulse that is deep and fine, is named Shi Bi (Bi syndrome caused by dampness obstructing the meridians). Its manifestations include difficulty in urination and loose stools. The treatment should focus on promoting diuresis to resolve dampness.
Dampness is one of the Six Excesses (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire). Therefore, when it invades the human body, it initially affects the Taiyang channel, similar to Wind and Cold pathogens. However, while Wind and Cold damage the muscle interstices, Dampness flows into the joints. The pulse for Wind is floating; the pulse for Cold is tight; whereas the pulse for Dampness is deep and fine. Dampness has a sticky and stagnant nature, causing heaviness and fixed sensations in the body, hence it is called Shi Bi. "Bi" means obstruction. In cases of Wind-stroke, there must first be internal Wind before external Wind can be attracted; similarly, in cases of Dampness invasion, there must first be internal Dampness before external Dampness can be contracted. This occurs because the person's Spleen Earth function is deficient, leading to the generation of internal Dampness. Consequently, Qi transformation becomes sluggish, allowing external Dampness to invade. The combination of internal and external pathogenic factors results in joint pain, difficulty in urination, and loose stools. The treatment must first eliminate internal Dampness before addressing external Dampness. Therefore, promoting diuresis is indicated. Li Dongyuan also stated that treating Dampness without promoting diuresis is not the correct method.
Patients with chronic Dampness often present with generalized body pain, fever, and a sallow complexion resembling smoked yellow (dark, dull yellow).
When external Dampness is excessive, internal Yang Qi is necessarily constrained within. External Dampness excess causes body pain; internal constraint of Yang causes fever. When Heat combines with Dampness, they steam and constrain each other, resulting in a complexion like smoked yellow. Smoked yellow refers to a yellow color that is dull and dark due to the heavy and stagnant nature of Dampness. In contrast, jaundice caused by Heat presents as bright yellow, described as "yellow like an orange peel."
In patients with Dampness, sweating may occur only on the head, accompanied by stiffness in the back and a desire to cover up and face fire for warmth. If purgative therapy is applied prematurely, hiccups may occur, or there may be chest fullness, difficulty in urination, and a tongue coating that resembles moss. This condition arises from Heat in the Lower Jiao (Dantian) and Cold-Damp in the Upper Jiao (Chest). The patient feels thirsty and desires water but cannot drink it, leading to dry mouth and irritability.
Cold-Damp residing in the exterior prevents Yang Qi from circulating outward, causing it to float upward instead. This leads to head sweating, back stiffness, and a desire to cover up and face fire. Warm herbs should be used to unblock Yang Qi; aggressive purgative methods to expel Dampness are contraindicated. If purgatives are mistakenly used, Yang Qi is further suppressed, triggering hiccups. Alternatively, if Yang Qi of the Upper Jiao fails to distribute, chest fullness occurs; if Yang Qi of the Lower Jiao fails to transform, difficulty in urination occurs. These symptoms arise according to the site of injury. A tongue surface resembling moss is not due to Stomach Heat but rather the accumulation and drying of fluids on the tongue after purgation, mimicking a coating. After purgation, Yang Qi sinks downward while Cold-Damp remains gathered upward. Thus, Heat exists in the Lower Jiao (causing thirst), and Cold exists in the Upper Jiao (preventing drinking), leading to oral dryness, irritability, and fluid aggregation.
If a patient with Dampness is treated with purgatives and subsequently develops sweating on the forehead, slight panting, and free urination, the prognosis is fatal. Similarly, if diarrhea persists uncontrollably, death ensues.
For Dampness in the exterior, diaphoresis (sweating) is appropriate; for Dampness in the interior, promoting diuresis is appropriate. Purgatives should not be used hastily unless Damp-Heat has accumulated into a solid excess. Sweating on the forehead and slight panting indicate that Yang Qi has dispersed and floated upward. Free urination and persistent diarrhea indicate that Yin Qi has ruptured and descended. The separation of Yin and Yang leads to death. Another interpretation suggests that death occurs if urination is difficult, meaning Yang floats upward while Yin fails to descend, which is also logically consistent.
In another presentation of Dampness disease, the patient experiences body pain, fever, sallow complexion with panting, headache, nasal congestion, and irritability. The pulse is large. The patient can eat normally, and the abdomen is harmonious without pathology. This indicates that the pathogen is Cold-Damp located in the head, causing nasal congestion. Administering medication intranasally will lead to recovery.
When Cold-Damp is located in the upper part, Clear Yang fails to distribute. Generalized pain, headache, and nasal congestion indicate Dampness excess in the upper region. Fever, sallow complexion, irritability, and panting indicate constrained Yang. A large pulse differs from the deep-fine pulse mentioned earlier. A harmonious abdomen differs from the urinary difficulty and loose stools mentioned earlier. This confirms that the disease is located in the head, not the abdomen. Treatment should focus solely on the head without affecting the abdomen. Intranasal administration of medicines, such as Gengdi San (Melon Trichosanthes Powder), induces the discharge of yellow fluid, eliminating Cold-Damp and restoring health. Oral medication is unnecessary to avoid damaging the Middle Jiao.