经曰∶中央黄色，入通于脾，故黄胆者，脾之色也。夫人身之神，贵于藏而默用，见于外则
内虚矣。其症皆因脾气有亏，运化失职，湿热留于肌肤，发而为疸。钱仲阳所谓身痛背疆，
二便涩滞，遍身面目爪甲皆黄是也。小便褐色者难治。疗法宜固脾为先，如专用克伐宽中澹
泄利水之药，则鲜有不至危者矣。若初生及百日半年之间，不因病而身黄者，胃热苔黄也。
腹大食上为脾疳，兼作渴饮冷者，用泻黄散。小便不利者，茵陈汤。病后发黄，肢体浮肿者
，用白术散。清便自调，肢冷嗜卧者，益黄散。身淡黄白者，调中丸及补中益气汤加茵陈。
身热膈满，肌肤面目皆黄者，加减泻黄散。辨其所以∶若闭目壮热，多哭不已，大小便赤涩，口中热气
者，乃妊娠浓味贻毒之候也，母子并服生地黄汤，仍忌酒面五辛热物。设不自慎，误伤脾土
，急则变为惊风吐泻，缓则肢体浮肿，小便不利，眼目障闭，多成疳疾矣。又有脾虚发黄者
，当于脾胃中求之。
治验
一小儿旬日内，先两目发黄，渐及遍身，用泻黄散一服而瘥。
一小儿生旬日，面目青黄，此胃热苔黄也，用泻黄散，乳调服，少许即愈。后复身黄吐舌，
仍用前药而安。
一小儿因乳母食郁而致饱胀咽酸，遍身皆黄，余以越鞠丸治其母，泻黄散治其子并愈。
一小儿患前症，服五苓散、消食丸之类，其黄不退，作渴饮汤，腹膨少食，余谓胃气虚，津
液少，故喜饮汤；脾气虚，故腹胀少食也，先用白术散渐愈，又用补中益气汤而痊。
一小儿饮食不调，腹胀身黄，小便金色，杂用自治之剂，作渴饮水，余谓胃气实热。先用泻
黄散二剂，其渴顿止，用栀子柏皮汤，其黄亦退，用白术散而饮食进。
茵陈汤 治阳明病，发热汗出者，此为热越不能发黄也。但头汗出至颈而还，小便不利，渴
饮水浆，此瘀热在里而发黄也，或伤寒七八日，小便不通，腹微黄，身黄如橘色者。
茵陈蒿（嫩者一两） 大黄（三钱半） 栀子（大者三枚）
上每服一钱，水煎服。
犀角散 治黄胆，一身尽黄。
犀角（一两） 茵陈 葛根 升麻 龙胆草（酒炒） 甘草 生地黄（各半两） 寒水石（三钱）
上每服三钱，水煎服。一方栝蒌根汁，和蜜服。
小半夏汤 治黄胆，小便色不变，自利腹满而喘者，不可除热，热去必哕。
半夏（汤洗七次）
上每服二三钱，姜三片，水煎服。
消食丸 治胸膈气痞，乳食不消，身后黄者。（方见呕吐乳）
茵陈五苓散 即五苓散加茵陈。每服一钱，温水调下，日三服。
导赤散（二方见五淋）
越鞠丸（方见天钓）
承气汤
小柴胡汤（二方见痉症）
调中丸（即理中丸，方见冷泻）
平胃散（方见脾胃虚冷）
使君子丸（方见蛔虫）
益黄散（方见脾脏）
地黄汤（即济生地黄汤）
白术散（方见积滞）
四味肥儿丸（方见呕吐）
泻黄散（方见脾脏）
《黄帝内经》说：中央方位对应黄色，与脾脏相通应，所以黄疸病，是脾脏本色外露的表现。人体内的神气，贵在潜藏而默默发挥作用，如果显露于外，说明内部已经虚弱了。黄疸的症状，都是因为脾气亏损，运化功能失职，导致湿热滞留于肌肤，发作而成黄疸。这就是钱乙（字仲阳）所说的身体疼痛、背部僵硬，大小便涩滞不畅，全身、面目和指甲都发黄的情况。如果小便呈褐色，属于难治之症。治疗原则应当以固护脾胃为先，如果专门使用攻伐、宽中、淡渗利水的药物，很少有不到危险地步的。如果是新生儿到百日或半年大的婴儿，没有生病却身体发黄，这是胃热导致的舌苔黄。腹部胀大、进食后加重的是脾疳，如果兼有口渴想喝冷水的症状，使用泻黄散。小便不利的，使用茵陈汤。病后出现发黄，肢体浮肿的，使用白术散。大便正常，四肢发冷、嗜睡的，使用益黄散。身体呈现淡黄白色的，使用调中丸及补中益气汤加茵陈。身体发热、胸膈痞满，肌肤和面目都发黄的，使用加减泻黄散。辨别其病因：如果闭目高热，不停啼哭，大小便赤红涩痛，口中呼出热气，这是孕妇食用浓味食物遗留毒邪的表现，母子同时服用生地黄汤，并且忌食酒、面食及五辛等热性食物。如果不谨慎小心，误伤脾土，急症时会变为惊风吐泻，缓症时则肢体浮肿，小便不利，眼睛遮蔽闭合，多会形成疳疾。又有因脾虚而发黄的，应当在调理脾胃中寻找原因。
医案记录：
一个小孩在十天内，先两眼发黄，逐渐波及全身，服用一剂泻黄散后痊愈。
一个出生十天的小孩，面目青黄，这是胃热舌苔黄的表现，用泻黄散，用乳汁调服，少许即愈。后来再次全身发黄、伸舌头，仍然用前面的药而安定。
一个小孩因为乳母饮食郁结导致饱胀咽酸，全身皆黄，我用越鞠丸治疗母亲，用泻黄散治疗孩子，母子并愈。
一个小孩患上述病症，服用五苓散、消食丸之类的药物，黄疸不退，口渴想喝热水，腹部膨隆、食欲少，我认为这是胃气虚，津液少，所以喜欢喝热水；脾气虚，所以腹胀、食欲少。先用白术散逐渐好转，又用补中益气汤而痊愈。
一个小孩饮食不调，腹胀身黄，小便颜色如金，杂用自行治疗的药剂，口渴饮水，我认为这是胃气实热。先用两剂泻黄散，口渴立刻停止，再用栀子柏皮汤，黄疸也消退，最后用白术散使饮食恢复。
茵陈汤：治疗阳明病，发热汗出的，这叫热邪向外发散，不会发黄。但如果只有头部出汗至颈部而止，小便不利，口渴想喝水浆，这是瘀热在体内导致发黄。或者是伤寒七八天，小便不通，腹部微黄，身体黄得像橘子色一样。
药材：茵陈蒿（嫩的一两），大黄（三钱半），栀子（大的三枚）。
用法：每次服用一钱，水煎服。
犀角散：治疗黄疸，全身尽黄。
药材：犀角（一两），茵陈，葛根，升麻，龙胆草（酒炒），甘草，生地黄（各半两），寒水石（三钱）。
用法：每次服用三钱，水煎服。另一方法是用栝蒌根汁，调和蜂蜜服用。
小半夏汤：治疗黄疸，小便颜色不变，自利（腹泻）且腹部胀满气喘的，不可清热，热去必会发生呃逆。
药材：半夏（汤洗七次）。
用法：每次服用二三钱，加生姜三片，水煎服。
消食丸：治疗胸膈气机痞塞，乳食不消化，身体发黄的。（方剂见呕吐乳章节）
茵陈五苓散：即五苓散加入茵陈。每次服用一钱，温水送下，每日三次。
导赤散（两个方剂见五淋章节）
越鞠丸（方剂见天钓章节）
承气汤
小柴胡汤（两个方剂见痉症章节）
调中丸（即理中丸，方剂见冷泻章节）
平胃散（方剂见脾胃虚冷章节）
使君子丸（方剂见蛔虫章节）
益黄散（方剂见脾脏章节）
地黄汤（即济生地黄汤）
白术散（方剂见积滞章节）
四味肥儿丸（方剂见呕吐章节）
泻黄散（方剂见脾脏章节）
According to the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon): "The central direction corresponds to yellow, and its qi enters through the Spleen." Therefore, Jaundice (Huangdan) is the manifestation of the Spleen's true color. The spirit within the human body values concealment and silent operation; if it manifests externally, it indicates internal deficiency. These symptoms arise because Spleen Qi is deficient, leading to failure in transformation and transportation, causing Damp-Heat (Shi-Re) to remain in the skin and muscles, resulting in Jaundice. This is what Qian Zhongyang (Qian Yi) described as body pain, back stiffness, difficulty and stagnation in urination and defecation, and yellowing of the entire body, face, eyes, and nails. If the urine is brownish, it is difficult to treat. The therapeutic principle should prioritize consolidating the Spleen. If one exclusively uses drugs that attack, broaden the middle, or promote diuresis through bland leaching, few will avoid danger. For newborns up to three months or half a year old, if they are not ill but have a yellow body, this is due to Stomach Heat causing a yellow tongue coating. Abdominal distension worsened by eating constitutes Spleen Gan (Spleen Wasting Disease); if accompanied by thirst for cold drinks, use Xiehuang San (Drain Yellow Powder). For difficulty in urination, use Yinchen Tang (Artemisia Capillaris Decoction). For post-illness yellowing with limb edema, use Baizhu San (Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder). For normal bowel movements, cold limbs, and lethargy, use Yihuang San (Benefit Yellow Powder). For a pale yellow-white complexion, use Tiaozhong Wan (Regulate Middle Pill) combined with Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction) plus Yinchen. For fever, chest fullness, and yellowing of the skin and face, use Jiajian Xiehuang San (Modified Drain Yellow Powder). To differentiate the cause: if there is closed eyes, high fever, incessant crying, red and stagnant urination and defecation, and hot breath from the mouth, this is a sign of toxicity left over from the mother consuming rich flavors during pregnancy. Both mother and child should take Shengdihuang Tang (Fresh Rehmannia Decoction), and alcohol, wheat products, and five pungent hot foods must be avoided. If carelessness leads to injury of the Spleen Earth, acute cases may transform into Wind-Convulsion with vomiting and diarrhea, while chronic cases may result in limb edema, urinary difficulty, eye obstruction, and often develop into Gan diseases. For those who develop jaundice due to Spleen deficiency, one should seek the root in the Spleen and Stomach.
Clinical Cases:
1. A child developed yellowing of both eyes within ten days, gradually spreading to the whole body. One dose of Xiehuang San cured him.
2. A child born ten days ago had a cyan-yellow face and eyes, indicating Stomach Heat and a yellow tongue coating. He was treated with Xiehuang San mixed with breast milk, recovering after a small amount. Later, he became yellow again and stuck out his tongue; the previous medicine was used again, and he stabilized.
3. A child suffered from fullness, acid regurgitation, and generalized yellowing due to dietary stagnation in the wet nurse. I treated the mother with Yueju Wan (Yueju Pill) and the child with Xiehuang San, curing both.
4. A child with the aforementioned symptoms took Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) and Xiaoshi Wan (Digestive Pill), but the jaundice did not recede. He was thirsty and desired warm water, with abdominal distension and poor appetite. I diagnosed Stomach Qi deficiency leading to low body fluids (hence desire for warm water) and Spleen Qi deficiency (hence distension and poor appetite). He first improved gradually with Baizhu San, then recovered completely with Buzhong Yiqi Tang.
5. A child with irregular diet had abdominal distension, yellowing, and golden-colored urine. After using various self-medicated remedies, he became thirsty and drank water. I diagnosed Stomach Qi Excess-Heat. Two doses of Xiehuang San stopped the thirst immediately. Zhizi Bo Pi Tang (Gardenia, Phellodendron, and Bark Decoction) cleared the jaundice, and Baizhu San restored his appetite.
Yinchen Tang: Treats Yangming disease where fever and sweating occur, indicating heat dispersing outward without causing jaundice. However, if sweat is only on the head up to the neck, with urinary difficulty and thirst for fluids, this is Stagnant Heat inside causing jaundice. Or, after seven to eight days of Cold Damage, with no urination, slight abdominal yellowing, and body yellow like an orange peel.
Ingredients: Yinchen Hao (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae, tender, 1 liang), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei, 3 qian ½), Zhizi (Fructus Gardeniae, large, 3 pieces).
Usage: Take 1 qian per dose, decoct in water and drink.
Xijiao San: Treats Jaundice with generalized yellowing of the body.
Ingredients: Xijiao (Cornu Rhinocerotis, 1 liang), Yinchen, Gegen (Puerariae Radix), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma), Longdancao (Radix Gentianae, wine-fried), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Shengdihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Recens, each 0.5 liang), Hanshuishi (Lapis Calcitae, 3 qian).
Usage: Take 3 qian per dose, decoct in water and drink. Another method is to mix Gualougen juice (Trichosanthis Radix juice) with honey and take it.
Xiao Banxia Tang: Treats Jaundice where urine color remains unchanged, with spontaneous diarrhea, abdominal fullness, and wheezing. Heat-clearing is contraindicated; clearing heat will inevitably lead to hiccups.
Ingredients: Banxia (Rhizoma Pinelliae Praeparatum, washed seven times in boiling water).
Usage: Take 2-3 qian per dose, add 3 slices of fresh ginger, decoct in water and drink.
Xiaoshi Wan: Treats Qi blockage in the chest and diaphragm, indigestion of milk and food, and subsequent yellowing. (Formula see Vomiting Milk chapter)
Yinchen Wuling San: Is Wuling San added with Yinchen. Take 1 qian per dose, mix with warm water, three times daily.
Daochi San (Two formulas see Five Stranguries chapter)
Yueju Wan (Formula see Heavenly Hook chapter)
Chengqi Tang
Xiao Chaihu Tang (Two formulas see Spasm chapter)
Tiaozhong Wan (Is Lizhong Wan, Formula see Cold Diarrhea chapter)
Pingwei San (Formula see Spleen-Stomach Deficiency-Cold chapter)
Shijunzi Wan (Formula see Roundworms chapter)
Yihuang San (Formula see Spleen Organ chapter)
Dihuang Tang (Is Jisheng Dihuang Tang)
Baizhu San (Formula see Food Stagnation chapter)
Siwei Fei'er Wan (Formula see Vomiting chapter)
Xiehuang San (Formula see Spleen Organ chapter)