凡小儿三、五岁，或七、八岁，至十余岁，发惊涎潮，抽搦如拽锯，不省人事，
目瞪喘急，将欲死者，《内经》曰∶此者得之在母胎。胞之所受悸惕、惊骇、恐惧之气，故
令小儿轻者
为惊风天吊，重者为痫病风搐。胎中积热者为脐风。以上诸风症，可用吐涎散吐之；吐讫，
宜珠、犀、龙、麝，清凉坠痰之药。其食乳子母，皆宜服之。
安魂定魄之药，定志丸之类是也。故妇人怀孕之月，大忌悲忧惊怖，纵得子，必有前疾。小
儿风热涎嗽者，可以通圣加半夏，同煎温服。
凡小儿疳涩眼，数日不开，皆风热所致。可服凉膈散，泻肝经风热郁甚，郁结散而自开也。
凡小儿通身浮肿，是风水肿也。小便不通者，宜利小便则愈。《内经》曰∶三焦闭寒，水道
不利。水满皮肤，身体痞肿，是乘之故。可用长流水加灯心，煎五苓散，时时呷之；更于不透风处浴之
，汗出则肿消。一汗减半，再汗减七、八分，三汗消尽。内外俱行也。
凡小儿疮 瘾疹，麸疮丹 等疾，如遇火
胜时，荧惑乱行之者，不可便用升麻散解之。升麻汤味辛性温，《内经》曰∶积温而成热，
是谓重火。止可以辛凉之剂解之。如遇平时，可以辛温。盖平时无事，便同水化。然而更宜
审察病机，甚者亦不可以辛温。但发散之后，便以凉膈散加当归，及白虎汤、玉露散煎服之
。更甚者，解毒汤、调胃散下之。古人云∶斑疹疮 ，首尾俱不可下。皆误矣。岂不闻
扬汤止沸，不如抽薪。《内经》曰∶五寅五申之岁，多发此病者，盖明相火之所为也。又曰∶少阳客
气胜，丹疹外发。又曰∶诸痛痒疮疡，皆属心火。王太仆又谓∶百端之起，皆自心生。岂可便用辛温发散乎
？致热势增剧，渐成脏毒下血，切牙发搐，大热明矣。如白虎加人参，凉膈散加当归、桔梗
，勿问秋冬，但见疮疹，用之神良。
凡小儿疮 瘾疹，麸疮丹 斑毒之后，脏毒下血，《内经》
曰∶少阳客气胜，则丹 疮疹发于外也。盖余热不解，
故脏毒下血。治以黄连解毒汤、白虎汤、凉膈散，临证选而用之。所谓白虎，旧说秋冬勿用
，皆误也。但有此症便用之。盖其证属相火故也。大人亦同。
凡小儿丹瘤浮肿，毒赤走引遍身者，乃邪热之毒也。可用磁盘拨出紫血，其病立愈。如不愈者
，后用凉膈散加大黄、芒硝，利三、五行为妙；次用拔毒散，扫三、五度必愈矣。《经》曰∶丹
赤瘤，火之色也，相火主之。
凡小儿有赤瘤暴肿，可先用牛黄通膈丸泻之；后用阳起石散敷之，则肿毒自消。如不消，可
用针砭刺，血出而愈矣。
凡小儿甜疮久不愈者，俗呼为香疮是也。多在面部两耳前。一法∶令母口中嚼白米成膏
，子卧涂之，不过三上则愈矣。小儿并母，皆忌鸡、猪、鱼、兔、酒、醋动风发热之物。
如治甜指，亦同此法。
凡小儿面上疮；谓眉炼疮，耳上谓之辙耳；足上疮谓之靴癣。此三者一究其本，皆谬名也。《
经》曰∶诸痛疮疡，皆属心火。乃血热剧而致然也。或谓《内经》曰∶大概不可使热，以为皆然
。此不明造化之道也，慎勿妄信。可用 针刺之出血。一刺不
愈，当复刺之；再刺不愈，则三刺必愈矣。《内经》曰∶血实者决之。眉炼不可用药敷之，
以其疮多痒，痒则爬矣，药入眼则目必损矣。
凡小儿牙疳齿龋者，是龈腐烂也。下牙属手阳明大肠之经，燥金为主；上牙属足阳明胃经湿
土，上下是肠胃二经也。或积热于内，或因服银粉、巴豆大毒之药，入于肠胃，乳食不能胜
其毒，毒瓦斯循经而至于齿龈、牙缝嫩薄之分，反为害也。可以麝香、玉线子治之。乳母临卧
，常服黄连解毒汤一服，牙疳病则愈矣。
凡小儿身热，吐泻腹满，不进饮食，可急与牛黄通膈丸，下过四、五行，则自愈矣。盖乳食
便属水，甚则成湿，以治湿法治之，用燥热之药非也。
凡小儿水泄不止，可用五苓散与益元散各停，用新汲水调下三、二钱，频服，不拘时候。若
暴速注下，甚者属火，凉膈通圣等散治之。用者勿轻，非深于造化者，未易此语。
凡小儿、大人，小便不通，《内经》谓三焦约。约者，不行也。可用长流水煎八正散，时时
灌之，大、小便
利则止。若不因热药所攻而致此者，易治。或因多服热药而燥剧至此者，非惟难治，不幸夭
耳。亦可用蜜水调益元散，送通膈丸。
凡小儿久泻不止，至八、九月间，变为秋深冷痢者，泄泻清白，时时撮痛，乳癖不化。可用
养脾丸，如黍米大，每服二、三十丸，米饮送下，日进三服则愈。益黄散亦可用之。
凡治小儿之法，不可用极寒极热之药及峻补峻泻之剂，或误用巴豆、杏仁、硫黄、腻粉之药
。若用此药，反生他病。小儿易虚易实，肠胃嫩弱，不胜其毒。若治之，用分阴阳，利水道，最
为急，用桂苓甘露散之类。
凡是三、五岁，或七、八岁，直到十多岁的儿童，如果发生惊涎潮涌，抽搐强直如同拉锯，神志昏迷不省人事，眼睛瞪大，呼吸急促，快要死亡的样子，《内经》说：这是由于在母胎中受到的。胎儿所承受的母亲惊恐、惊骇、恐惧的气，所以导致小儿轻者成为惊风天吊（一种以目上视、颈项强直为特征的惊风证），重者成为痫病风搐（癫痫伴发的抽搐）。胎中积热导致的称为脐风（新生儿破伤风）。以上各种风症，可以用吐涎散来催吐痰涎；吐完后，适宜使用珍珠、犀角、龙骨、麝香等具有清凉坠痰作用的药物。这些药物对于吃奶的小儿及其母亲都适宜服用。
这是安魂定魄的药物，如定志丸之类的就是。所以妇女怀孕的月份，非常忌讳悲伤、忧愁、惊吓和恐怖，即使生下了孩子，也必然会有上述疾病。小儿患有风热引起的痰嗽，可以使用通圣散加半夏，一同煎煮温服。
凡是小儿患疳涩眼（因疳积导致的眼部干涩、红肿、难开），几天睁不开，都是风热所致。可以服用凉膈散，以泻肝经郁结甚重的风热，郁结消散后眼睛自然就会睁开。
凡是小儿全身浮肿，这是风水肿（由风邪侵袭引起的水肿）。小便不通畅的，适宜利小便就能痊愈。《内经》说：三焦闭塞寒冷，水道不利。水液充满皮肤，身体痞塞肿胀，这是乘虚侵袭的缘故。可以用长流水加灯心草，煎煮五苓散，时时少量饮用；同时在不透风的地方洗浴，出汗则肿胀消退。发一次汗消肿一半，发两次汗消去七八分，发三次汗完全消除。这是内外兼治的方法。
凡是小儿患疮疹、瘾疹（荨麻疹）、麸疮、丹毒等疾病，如果遇到火气旺盛之时，是荧惑星（火星）乱行之时，不可以立即用升麻散来解表。升麻汤味道辛、性质温，《内经》说：积聚温热而成热，这叫做重火。只可以用辛凉的药剂来解表。如果遇到平时（非火旺之时），可以用辛温的。因为平时无事，就像水一样化解。然而更应当审察病机，病情严重的也不可以用辛温发散。但在发散之后，便以凉膈散加当归，以及白虎汤、玉露散煎服。更严重的，用解毒汤、调胃承气汤攻下。古人说：斑疹疮疡，开头和结尾都不可以用攻下法。这都是错误的。难道没听说过扬汤止沸，不如抽薪吗？《内经》说：逢五寅、五申之年，多发此病，这是因为相火作祟。又说：少阳客气胜，丹疹外发。又说：各种疼痛、瘙痒、疮疡，都属于心火。王太仆（王冰）又说：百端之起，皆自心生。怎么可以直接用辛温发散呢？这会导致热势加剧，逐渐形成脏毒下血，咬牙抽搐，大热之势明显了。如白虎加人参汤，凉膈散加当归、桔梗，不要问是秋冬季节，只要见到疮疹，使用它非常灵验。
凡是小儿患疮疹、瘾疹、麸疮、丹毒、斑毒之后，出现脏毒下血，《内经》说：少阳客气胜，则丹毒、疮疹发于体外。这是因为余热未解，所以导致脏毒下血。治疗用黄连解毒汤、白虎汤、凉膈散，临证选择使用。所谓白虎汤，旧时说秋冬不要用，都是错误的。只要有这个症状就用。因为这个证候属于相火。大人也是如此。
凡是小儿患丹瘤浮肿，毒赤走引遍身，这是邪热之毒。可以用磁石盘刮出紫血，病立刻痊愈。如果不愈，后用凉膈散加大黄、芒硝，利大小便三、五次为妙；接着用拔毒散，扫敷三、五次必定痊愈。《经》说：丹赤瘤，是火的色泽，由相火主司。
凡是小儿有赤瘤暴肿，可先用牛黄通膈丸泻下；后用阳起石散外敷，则肿毒自然消除。如果不消，可用针砭刺破，出血而痊愈。
凡是小儿患甜疮（口角炎/唇炎）久不愈的，俗称为香疮。多在面部两耳前。一种方法：让母亲口中嚼白米成膏状，让孩子躺着涂抹，不超过三次就痊愈了。小儿及母亲，都忌食鸡、猪、鱼、兔、酒、醋等动风发热之物。如果是治疗甜指（手指末端溃烂），也用同样的方法。
凡是小儿面上的疮，眉毛处的叫眉炼疮，耳朵上的叫辙耳；足上的疮叫靴癣。这三种情况探究其本源，都是谬名。《经》说：各种疼痛疮疡，都属于心火。是血热剧烈而导致这样的。有人说《内经》说：大概不可使热，认为都是这样。这是不明白造化之道，千万不要妄信。可以用针刺出血。刺一次不愈，应当再刺；再刺不愈，那么三刺必定痊愈。《内经》说：血实者决之（实证用放血疗法）。眉炼疮不可用药敷，因为疮多痒，痒则抓挠，药入眼则眼睛必受损。
凡是小儿患牙疳齿龋（牙龈腐烂、牙齿缺损），是牙龈腐烂。下牙属手阳明大肠经，以燥金为主；上牙属足阳明胃经湿土，上下分别是肠胃二经。或者积热于内，或者因服用银粉、巴豆等大毒之药，进入肠胃，乳食不能胜任其毒性，毒瓦斯顺着经络到达齿龈、牙缝嫩薄之处，反而造成伤害。可以用麝香、玉线子治疗。乳母临睡前，常服一剂黄连解毒汤，牙疳病就会痊愈。
凡是小儿身热，吐泻腹满，不进饮食，可以急与牛黄通膈丸，泻下四、五行，则自愈了。因为乳食便属水，严重则成湿，用治湿的方法治疗，用燥热之药是错误的。
凡是小儿水泄不止，可以用五苓散与益元散各半，用新汲水调下三、二钱，频服，不拘时候。如果是暴速注下，严重者属火，用凉膈通圣散等治疗。使用者不要轻易轻视，不是深于造化之道的人，不容易说出这样的话。
凡是小儿、大人，小便不通，《内经》称为三焦约。约者，不行也。可以用长流水煎八正散，时时灌服，大、小便通畅则停止。如果不是因热药攻伐而导致此症的，容易治疗。如果因多服热药而燥热剧烈到这种地步的，不仅难治，不幸还会夭折。也可以用蜜水调益元散，送服通膈丸。
凡是小儿久泻不止，到了八、九月间，变为秋深冷痢的，泄泻清白，时时撮痛（腹部绞痛），乳癖不化（消化不良）。可以用养脾丸，如黍米大，每服二、三十丸，米饮送下，日进三服则痊愈。益黄散也可以使用。
凡是治疗小儿的方法，不可以用极寒极热之药及峻补峻泻之剂，或者误用巴豆、杏仁、硫黄、腻粉之药。如果使用这些药，反而生出其他疾病。小儿易虚易实，肠胃嫩弱，不胜其毒。如果治疗，用分阴阳，利水道，最为紧急，用桂苓甘露散之类。
For children aged three to five, or seven to eight, up to ten-plus years old, if they experience a surge of phlegm-fluid accompanied by fright, convulsions and stiffening resembling the pulling of a saw, loss of consciousness, staring eyes, rapid breathing, and a condition approaching death, *Neijing* states: "This arises from within the womb." The fetus receives the qi of palpitations, fright, terror, and fear from the mother; thus, mild cases manifest as Jingfeng Tiandiao (a type of pediatric wind syndrome characterized by upward gaze and neck rigidity), while severe cases manifest as Xianbing Fengchu (epileptic convulsions). Accumulation of heat in the womb leading to umbilical tetanus is called Qifeng. For the aforementioned various wind syndromes, Tuxian San (Phlegm-Expelling Powder) can be used to induce vomiting of phlegm. After vomiting, it is appropriate to use cooling and descending phlegm medications such as Pearl (Zhenzhu), Rhinoceros Horn (Xijiao), Dragon Bone (Longgu), and Musk (Shexiang). These are suitable for both nursing infants and their mothers.
These are medicines that calm the soul and stabilize the spirit, such as Dingzhi Wan (Willpower-Calming Pill). Therefore, during pregnancy, women must strictly avoid sorrow, worry, fright, and terror. Even if a child is born, they will inevitably suffer from the aforementioned ailments. For infants suffering from wind-heat-induced phlegm cough, Tongsheng San (Universal Benefit Powder) with added Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) should be decocted together and taken warm.
When infants suffer from Gan-sese Yan (Gan syndrome causing dry, swollen, and difficult-to-open eyes) lasting several days, this is caused by wind-heat. Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) can be administered to clear the severe stagnation of wind-heat in the Liver channel; once the stagnation dissipates, the eyes will naturally open.
When an infant presents with generalized edema, this is Fengshui Zhong (Wind-water edema). If urination is obstructed, promoting diuresis will lead to recovery. *Neijing* states: "When the Sanjiao is closed and cold, water pathways are not smooth." Water fills the skin, causing bodily bloating and swelling due to pathogenic invasion. Changliushui Jia Dengxin (Decoction with Long-flowing Water and Juncus Effusus) combined with Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) can be sipped frequently; additionally, bathing in a draft-free place induces sweating, which resolves the edema. One bout of sweating reduces swelling by half, two bouts reduce it by 70-80%, and three bouts eliminate it completely. This represents simultaneous internal and external treatment.
For infants suffering from Chuangzhen (skin eruptions/rashes), Yinzhen (urticaria), Fuchuang (smallpox-like rash), and Dandu (erysipelas), when fire qi is excessive—associated with the chaotic movement of the planet Mars—one must not immediately use Shengma San (Cimicifuga Powder) to resolve the exterior. Shengma Tang (Cimicifuga Decoction) is acrid and warm. *Neijing* states: "Accumulated warmth becomes heat, which is called double fire." Only acrid-cool agents should be used to resolve the exterior. In normal times (when fire qi is not excessive), acrid-warm agents may be used because, without pathological excess, the condition resolves like water dispersing. However, one must carefully examine the disease mechanism; even in severe cases, acrid-warm dispersion is contraindicated. After dispersion, Liangge San with Danggui (Angelica Sinensis), along with Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) and Yulu San (Jade Dew Powder), should be decocted and taken. For more severe cases, Jiedu Tang (Detoxification Decoction) or Tiaowei Chengqi Tang (Regulate the Stomach and Order the Bowels Decoction) should be used to purge. Ancients stated: "For macules, papules, and sores, purgatives should not be used at the beginning or end." This is erroneous. Have you not heard that "stirring boiling soup to stop boiling is inferior to removing the firewood"? *Neijing* states: "In years of Wu Yin and Wu Shen, this disease occurs frequently due to the influence of Ministerial Fire." It also states: "When Shaoyang guest qi prevails, erysipelas and rashes erupt externally." Furthermore: "All pain, itching, sores, and ulcers belong to Heart Fire." Wang Taipu (Wang Bing) further stated: "All kinds of ailments originate from the Heart." How can one simply use acrid-warm dispersion? This leads to intensified heat, gradually forming Zangdu Xiexue (visceral toxin with bloody stool), teeth grinding, convulsions, and obvious high fever. Baihu Jia Renshen Tang (White Tiger Decoction with Ginseng), Liangge San with Danggui and Jiegeng (Platycodon Root), regardless of autumn or winter seasons, are highly effective whenever rashes appear.
After infants suffer from Chuangzhen, Yinzhen, Fuchuang, Dandu, Bandu, and subsequently present with Zangdu Xiexue, *Neijing* states: "When Shaoyang guest qi prevails, erysipelas and rashes erupt externally." This is because residual heat remains unresolved, leading to visceral toxin and bloody stool. Treatment involves Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Detoxification Decoction), Baihu Tang, and Liangge San, selected according to clinical presentation. The old saying that Baihu Tang should not be used in autumn and winter is erroneous; it should be used whenever these symptoms occur, as the syndrome belongs to Ministerial Fire. This applies to adults as well.
When infants suffer from Danliu (erysipema-like swelling) with edema, where red toxicity spreads throughout the body, this is toxic邪热 (evil heat). Using a magnet disk to scrape out purple blood can cure the illness immediately. If ineffective, follow up with Liangge San plus Dahuang (Rhubarb Radix) and Mangxiao (Mirabilite), aiming for three to five bowel movements; subsequently, apply Badu San (Toxin-Pulling Powder) three to five times for certain recovery. The Classics state: "Red erysipema and swelling are colors of fire, governed by Ministerial Fire."
For acute swelling of red nodules in infants, Niu Huang Tongge Wan (Calculus Bovis Throat-Unblocking Pill) should first be used to purge; then Yangqishi San (Stipe Actinolite Powder) should be applied topically, causing swelling and toxicity to subside spontaneously. If it does not subside, needle pricking (Bian) to release blood will result in recovery.
For chronic sweet sores (angular cheilitis/perioral dermatitis) in infants that do not heal, commonly known as Xiangchuang, often located near the ears on the face: One method involves having the mother chew white rice into a paste in her mouth and applying it to the sleeping infant; healing occurs within no more than three applications. Both infant and mother must avoid chicken, pork, fish, rabbit, alcohol, and vinegar, which generate wind and heat. Treating sweet fingers (ulceration of finger tips) follows the same method.
Sores on the infant's face are named differently based on location: Meilian Chuang (eyebrow sore), Zhe Er (ear sore), and Xue Xuan (foot tinea). Investigating their root reveals these are misnomers. The Classics state: "All pain, sores, and ulcers belong to Heart Fire," caused by severe blood heat. Some claim *Neijing* says "generally, heat should not be induced," assuming this applies universally. This demonstrates a lack of understanding of natural transformations; do not believe this blindly. Pricking with needles to bleed is appropriate. If one prick fails, repeat; if two fail, the third will surely heal. *Neijing* states: "Where blood is excessive, pierce it." Meilian Chuang should not be treated with topical medicaments because the sores itch, leading to scratching, and medication entering the eyes causes damage.
Infants suffering from Ya Gang Chi Qu (gingival rot and dental caries) have decaying gums. Lower teeth belong to the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine channel, dominated by Dry Metal; upper teeth belong to the Foot-Yangming Stomach channel, dominated by Wet Earth. These correspond to the Stomach and Intestines channels. Internal heat accumulation, or ingestion of highly toxic substances like Silver Powder (Mercurous Chloride) or Euphorbia Lathyris (Badou), enters the intestines and stomach. Breast milk and food cannot overcome this toxicity; the toxic vapors travel along the meridians to the tender gingiva and gum margins, causing harm. Shexiang (Musk) and Yuxianzi (Jade Thread Seed) can treat this. Nursing mothers taking one dose of Huanglian Jiedu Tang before bed will cure the gingival rot.
For infants with fever, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal fullness, and anorexia, Niuhuang Tongge Wan should be administered urgently. After four to five bowel movements, self-healing occurs. Milk and food transform into water; severely, they become dampness. Treating dampness requires drying agents; using hot-drying medicines is incorrect.
For persistent watery diarrhea in infants, Wuling San and Yiyuan San in equal parts, mixed with fresh drawn water and taken in doses of three to two qian frequently, at any time, are effective. For sudden, profuse diarrhea, severe cases belong to fire and are treated with Liangge Tongsheng San. Practitioners should not take this lightly; only those deeply versed in natural transformations can speak thus.
For infants and adults with urinary retention, *Neijing* refers to this as Sanjiao Yue (Sanjiao constraint). Yue means non-function. Changliushui Jian Bazheng San (Eight Righteousness Powder decocted in long-flowing water) should be instilled frequently until urination and defecation resume. If not caused by attack with hot medicines, it is easy to treat. However, if caused by excessive intake of hot medicines leading to severe dryness, it is difficult to treat and may result in premature death. Alternatively, Yiyuan San mixed with honey water, delivering Tongge Wan, can be used.
For infants with chronic diarrhea turning into deep-autumn cold dysentery in August or September, characterized by clear-white discharge, frequent abdominal cramping, and undigested milk curds, Yangpi Wan (Spleen-Nourishing Pill) sized like millet seeds, two to thirty pills per dose with rice water, taken three times daily, cures the condition. Yihuang San is also applicable.
The principles of treating infants prohibit the use of extremely cold or hot medicines, drastic tonics or purgatives, or mistaken use of Badou (Euphorbia), Xingren (Apricot Seed), Huangshan (Sulfur), and Nifen (Calomel). Using these drugs generates other diseases. Infants are prone to deficiency and excess, with delicate intestines and stomachs unable to withstand toxicity. Treatment prioritizes separating Yin and Yang and promoting water pathways, using Guiling Ganlu San (Cassia-Gastrodia Sweet Dew Powder) as a primary example.