春温汗多,不恶寒反恶热,口渴烦闷,舌黄脉
洪,此邪传阳明气分。宜用大剂白虎汤,直清阳明
也。
发热而微兼恶寒,目痛额疼,不得卧,此属阳明经病,
宜用葛根汤辛凉解肌。若不恶寒而反恶热,口渴,舌黄,脉
洪大,此属阳明气热,宜用大剂白虎汤辛寒清胃。如无汗而
舌淡黄者,不可用也。若舌黑尖绎,神昏谵语,烦热脉数,
此属阳明血热,又宜犀角地黄汤凉血透邪也。若舌虽焦黑,
而苔见老黄,此属阳明腑热。以凉膈散下之。总之,此皆阳
明症,而有经病腑病血病气病之殊,俱当按症施治,不得丝
毫混淆,而天人性命,可不慎欤!
春温不恶寒反恶热,烦躁神昏,斑黄谵妄,舌黄
焦黑。扬手掷足,逾垣上屋,此阳明腑热。宜用大
剂白虎汤加犀角、连翘、元参、人中黄、竹叶;若
大便闭结,频转矢气者,更加大黄、元明粉,缓攻清
热也。
上条阳明气熟,只宜白虎汤以清气分。此条昏谵便闭,
舌色焦黄,斑黄狂乱,乃热结胃腑,非清凉可解。故用大剂
白虎合犀角、人中黄、元参、连翘以两清气血,兼大黄、元
明粉以缓逐其瘀,俾大腑一通,则邪热顿解,而狂妄皆平
焉。仲景云:大便闭而转矢气者,有燥矢也,其腹必硬痛,
若腹虽硬痛,而下利稀水者,此热结旁流,仍宜攻之。勿以
大便既泄,而徘徊莫进,医者详之。
春温病汗出过多,不恶寒反而恶热,口渴烦闷,舌苔黄,脉象洪大,这是邪气传入阳明气分。适宜使用大剂量的白虎汤(Gypsum and Atractylodes Macrocephala Decoction),直接清泄阳明经的热邪。
发热且轻微兼有恶寒,眼睛疼痛,额头疼痛,无法安卧,这属于阳明经病,适宜使用葛根汤(Puerariae Radix Decoction)以辛凉之性解除肌表之邪。如果不恶寒反而恶热,口渴,舌苔黄,脉象洪大,这属于阳明气分热盛,适宜使用大剂量的白虎汤以辛寒之性清胃热。如果没有汗且舌苔呈淡黄色,则不可使用。如果舌尖及边缘发黑且有裂纹,神志昏迷,胡言乱语,烦躁发热,脉象数急,这属于阳明血分热盛,又适宜使用犀角地黄汤(Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction)以凉血透邪。如果舌苔虽焦黑,但可见老黄色的苔,这属于阳明腑实热证。应用凉膈散(Cooling the Diaphragm Powder)攻下。总之,这些都属于阳明病症,但有经病、腑病、血病、气病的区别,都应当根据症状施治,不得丝毫混淆,而关乎天人性命,怎能不谨慎呢!
春温病不恶寒反而恶热,烦躁,神志昏迷,出现发黄斑疹,胡言乱语,妄动,舌苔黄且焦黑。举手投足躁动不安,翻墙越屋,这属于阳明腑实热证。适宜使用大剂量白虎汤加入犀角(Rhinoceros Horn)、连翘(Forsythiae Fructus)、元参(Scrophulariae Radix)、人中黄(Homo Feces Praeparata)、竹叶(Phyllostachys Folium);如果大便闭结,频繁放屁的,再加加大黄(Rhei Radix et Rhizoma)、元明粉(Mirabilite),缓攻以清热。
上一条所述为阳明气分热盛,只宜用白虎汤清气分之热。这一条所述神昏谵语、大便闭结,舌色焦黄,斑疹发黄,狂乱,乃是热邪结聚于胃腑,非单纯清凉药所能解。因此使用大剂量白虎汤配合犀角、人中黄、元参、连翘以两清气分和血分之热,兼用大黄、元明粉以缓逐其瘀滞,使得大肠一通,则邪热顿时解除,狂妄之症皆平息。张仲景说:大便闭结且转矢气的,是有燥屎内结,腹部必定硬痛,如果腹部虽然硬痛,但下利稀水的,这是热结旁流,仍然适宜攻下。不要因为大便已经泄泻,就犹豫不决不敢进药,医者需详察。
In Spring-Warmth disease with excessive sweating, aversion to cold is absent while aversion to heat prevails; there is thirst, restlessness, and oppression in the chest. The tongue coating is yellow, and the pulse is flooding (Hong). This indicates that the pathogenic factor has transmitted to the Qi level of the Yangming channel. It is appropriate to use a large dose of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) to directly clear the heat of the Yangming.
If fever is accompanied by slight aversion to cold, eye pain, forehead pain, and inability to lie down, this belongs to a disease of the Yangming channel. It is appropriate to use Gegen Tang (Puerariae Radix Decoction) to resolve the muscle layer with acrid-cool properties. If there is no aversion to cold but rather aversion to heat, along with thirst, yellow tongue coating, and a flooding pulse, this belongs to heat in the Qi level of the Yangming. It is appropriate to use a large dose of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) to clear stomach heat with acrid-cold properties. However, if there is no sweat and the tongue coating is pale yellow, it should not be used. If the tip and edges of the tongue are black with cracks, accompanied by coma, delirious speech, irritability, fever, and a rapid pulse, this belongs to heat in the Blood level of the Yangming. In this case, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) is appropriate to cool the blood and vent the pathogen. If the tongue coating is scorched black but shows an old yellow coating, this belongs to Fu-organ heat in the Yangming. Liangge San (Cooling the Diaphragm Powder) should be used to purge. In summary, all these are Yangming syndromes, but they differ as diseases of the channel, Fu-organ, Blood, or Qi. Treatment must be administered according to the specific syndrome without any confusion. How can one not be cautious regarding human life and destiny?
In Spring-Warmth disease, with no aversion to cold but rather aversion to heat, irritability, coma, yellow macules, delirium, and mania, and a tongue coating that is yellow and scorched black, accompanied by restless movements such as throwing hands and feet, climbing walls, and roofs, this belongs to Fu-organ heat in the Yangming. It is appropriate to use a large dose of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) added with Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Yuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), Ren Zhong Huang (Homo Feces Praeparata), and Zhu Ye (Phyllostachys Folium). If there is constipation and frequent passing of flatus, add Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Yuan Ming Fen (Mirabilite) to gently purge and clear heat.
The previous paragraph described heat in the Qi level of the Yangming, where only Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) is suitable to clear the Qi level. This paragraph describes coma, delirium, constipation, a scorched yellow tongue, yellow macules, and mania, indicating heat accumulation in the Stomach Fu-organ, which cannot be resolved by cooling alone. Therefore, a large dose of Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) combined with Xijiao (Rhinoceros Horn), Ren Zhong Huang (Homo Feces Praeparata), Yuan Shen (Scrophulariae Radix), and Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus) is used to clear both the Qi and Blood levels simultaneously, while Da Huang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) and Yuan Ming Fen (Mirabilite) are added to gently drive out stagnation. Once the Large Intestine is unblocked, the pathogenic heat will be instantly resolved, and mania will subside. Zhang Zhongjing stated: "When there is constipation and passing of flatus, there are dry feces, and the abdomen must be hard and painful. If the abdomen is hard and painful but accompanied by diarrhea of watery stool, this is 'heat binding with peripheral flow,' and purging is still appropriate." Do not hesitate due to existing diarrhea; physicians must examine carefully.