白沙糖一名石蜜。乃榨甘蔗汁晒之，凝
如石，而体甚轻，味甘气寒，其用在脾，故主心腹热胀，除热生津止渴，及咳嗽生痰
也。多食亦能害脾，以味太甘耳。黑砂糖乃蔗汁之清，而煎炼至紫黑色，味亦甘寒功同
白蜜，但冷利过之，且有润燥和血消瘀化滞之功，故产妇用此冲汤和酒，服之者取其消
瘀也。小儿丸散用此调服者，取其化滞也。多食损齿生虫，发疳胀满。令人心痛，食同
葵笋鲫鱼变生疳癣。甘蔗禀地中之冲气，故味甘气寒无毒，入手足太阴、足阳明经，甘
为稼穑之化，其味先入脾，故能助脾气和中，甘寒除热润燥，故主下气利大肠，心胃
烦热消痰止渴，噎膈反胃，大便燥结，并解酒毒，皆取其清热生津润燥之功也，俗以为
热独不观，诗云∶饱食不须愁内热，大官还有蔗浆寒。
沙糖，系甘蔗汁熬成，功用与白者相仿，和血乃红者独长，杀疳虫润肺，除寒热
凉心，与笋食成血 ，同葵食生沉僻，小儿多食，损齿消肌。甘蔗甘寒泻火，入药捣
汁，助脾气，和中解酒毒，止渴，下逆气。治噎膈，利大小肠，益气，祛天行时热定
狂，勿共酒食，令人发痰。胃寒呕吐，中满滑泄者忌之。腊月窖诸粪坑，夏取汁服，尤
治时行热狂。
主治（痘疹合参〕 痘初热，俗以甘蔗啖之者，以性祛天行时热耳。但宜捣汁饮
之，不可太多，并不可恣嚼，以伤损口舌。
白沙糖，又名石蜜。它是将甘蔗汁压榨出来并晾晒而成，凝结后像石头一样坚硬，但质地很轻，味道甘甜，性质寒凉，归经作用于脾脏，因此主要用于治疗心腹部的热胀感，清除内热、生津液、止口渴，以及缓解因咳嗽产生的痰多症状。但是，多吃也会伤害脾脏，因为甜味过于浓厚。
黑砂糖是甘蔗汁经过澄清，并煎煮提炼至紫黑色的产物，味道也是甘寒的，功效与白蜜相同，但它的寒凉通利作用比白蜜更强，并且具有润燥、调和血液、消除瘀血、化解积滞的功效。所以产妇用它冲水或兑酒服用，是为了利用它消除瘀血的作用；小儿用药丸或药散时用它调服，是为了利用它化解积滞的作用。多吃黑砂糖会损害牙齿、滋生虫蛀、引发疳积和腹胀。还会引起心痛，如果与葵菜、竹笋、鲫鱼一起食用，容易诱发疳癣病。甘蔗禀受大地中间的冲和之气，所以味道甘甜、性质寒凉且无毒，归属于手太阴肺经、足太阴脾经和足阳明胃经。甘味属于稼穑（种植收获）之化，其味首先入脾，因此能辅助脾气、调和中焦；甘寒之性能清除内热、滋润干燥，所以主治下气、通畅大肠，治疗心胃烦热、消痰止渴，以及噎膈（吞咽困难）、反胃、大便干结等症状，这些都是利用了它清热、生津、润燥的功效。世俗之人认为吃糖会上火，这并不全面，正如《诗经》所说：“吃饱了不必担心体内有热，大官家里还有蔗浆来解寒。”
沙糖，是由甘蔗汁熬制而成的，功用与白糖相似，但在和血方面红色糖（即黑砂糖等红糖类）特长。它能杀灭疳虫、润肺、清除寒热、清凉心火。如果与笋同食会导致吐血，与葵菜同食会引发沉僻（指身体沉重、精神抑郁或皮肤顽疾），小儿多吃会损伤牙齿、消瘦肌肉。甘蔗味甘性寒，能泻火，入药时需捣烂取汁，可辅助脾气、调和中焦、解除酒毒、止渴、降逆气。用于治疗噎膈，通畅大小肠，益气，祛除流行性热病引起的发狂症状。注意不要与酒同食，否则令人生痰。对于胃寒呕吐、中焦痞满、滑泄腹泻的人应当忌用。在腊月将各种粪便堆积在坑窖中，夏天取出其中的汁液服用，尤其能治疗流行性热病引起的发狂。
【痘疹合参】主治：痘疹初期发热时，俗人让患儿吃甘蔗，是因为甘蔗的性质可以祛除流行性热病。但适宜捣成汁饮用，不可过量，也不可以随意咀嚼，以免损伤口舌。
Bai Sha Tang (White Rock Sugar), also known as Shi Mi (Stone Honey), is produced by pressing sugarcane juice and sun-drying it until it solidifies like stone yet remains lightweight. Its taste is sweet, its nature is cold, and its therapeutic action targets the Spleen. Therefore, it primarily treats heat distension in the heart and abdomen, clears heat, generates fluids, relieves thirst, and addresses cough with excessive phlegm. However, excessive consumption can harm the Spleen due to its overly sweet flavor.
Hei Sha Tang (Black Rock Sugar) is derived from clarified sugarcane juice, boiled and refined until it turns purple-black. It shares the sweet-cold taste and efficacy of Bai Mi (White Honey), but possesses a stronger cold-purgative effect. Additionally, it has functions of moistening dryness, harmonizing blood, resolving stasis, and transforming stagnation. Thus, postpartum women take it dissolved in water or mixed with wine to promote the resolution of blood stasis; for children, it is used to mix pills or powders to facilitate the transformation of food stagnation. Excessive intake damages teeth, promotes worm infestation, induces Gan syndrome (pediatric malnutrition disorder) and abdominal fullness, causes heart pain, and when consumed together with Malva verticillata (Kui), bamboo shoots, or crucian carp, may trigger Gan-Xuan (Gan-type tinea). Sugarcane inherits the balanced Qi of the earth; hence, it is sweet, cold, and non-toxic, entering the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, Foot-Taiyin Spleen Meridian, and Foot-Yangming Stomach Meridian. Sweetness corresponds to the transformation of agriculture (Jia-Se); its flavor first enters the Spleen, thereby assisting Spleen Qi and harmonizing the Middle Jiao. Its sweet-cold nature clears heat and moistens dryness, thus treating qi descending, promoting large intestine function, relieving heart and stomach irritability, reducing phlegm, quenching thirst, managing dysphagia (Ye-Ge) and regurgitation, alleviating dry constipation, and detoxifying alcohol. All these effects stem from its ability to clear heat, generate fluids, and moisten dryness. The common belief that sugar causes internal heat is unfounded, as evidenced by the verse: "After eating one's fill, do not worry about internal heat; the Grand Officials still have sugarcane syrup to cool them."
Sha Tang (Sugar), made by boiling sugarcane juice, has functions similar to white sugar, but red sugars excel more at harmonizing blood. They kill parasites causing Gan syndrome, moisten the lungs, clear cold and heat, and cool the Heart. Consuming it with bamboo shoots may cause hematemesis (vomiting blood); consuming it with Malva verticillata may induce lethargy or skin disorders. For children, excessive consumption damages teeth and wastes muscle tissue. Sugarcane is sweet and cold, clearing fire; when used medicinally, it is crushed to extract juice, aiding Spleen Qi, harmonizing the Middle Jiao, resolving alcohol toxicity, stopping thirst, directing rebellious Qi downward, treating dysphagia, benefiting the small and large intestines, tonifying Qi, and curing manic states caused by epidemic fevers. It should not be taken with wine, as this induces phlegm production. It is contraindicated for those with cold-stomach vomiting, middle-jiao fullness, or loose stools. Juice extracted from pits where various manures were stored in the twelfth lunar month and retrieved in summer is particularly effective for treating manic states due to epidemic fevers.
[Analysis of Smallpox and Rashes] Indications: When smallpox rash initially presents with fever, folk practice suggests feeding sugarcane to the patient because its nature dispels epidemic febrile diseases. However, it is advisable to drink the extracted juice rather than chew it directly, and intake should be limited to avoid damaging the mouth and tongue.