夫人之有津液,犹天之有雨露,海之有潮汐也。天无雨露则旱,海无潮汐则涸,人
无津液则渴,甚至痘后变症丧亡。然若心胃间有热,而火炎于上,乃少津液者,必主烦
燥喘渴之疾。若脏腑有热而火益于下,乃少津液者,必主狂叫闭塞之疾。若脾热而少津
液则渴泻;肺热而少津液则暖嗽;肝热而少津液,则眼羞明;若风热攻破咽喉,而少津
液,则乃音哑;若用药发举太过而少津液;则乃溃乱;若骨肉虚而少津液,则肉 筋抽,骨
节疼痛。治法贵分虚实,而大略不外乎除热生津二者而已。然更有釜下无火,而
锅盖干燥者,当用水中补火之法,尤为生津液之源也。
诸燥扰狂越,皆属于火。然痘后狂叫喘呼之症有二,或因热毒尚存,不得发越者。
治宜清凉解毒,或从其势而发之;或因脏腑热燥而无津液者,治宜微加利水,以导心
热,盖心火降,则肾水生而诸热自退,又当兼用清热滋阴之药。若纯利其水,则水大而燥热益甚矣。
凡当痘后,疮疤柔嫩而未实,肠胃气弱而未强,外宜谨避风寒,内宜调理饮食,犯
时微若秋毫,成病重如山岳,即根据法亦不宜太迟太早,太早则瘢嫩易风,太迟则皮燥生
疮,故必须迟月余,方煎荆芥及榆槐柳艾叶汤浴之,忌服升麻朴不入黄斩黄之剂,及食
密水、西瓜,柿、梨、栗、橘、柑子、白果、酒糟、芥菜、葱、韭、薤、蒜,獐、兔、鸡、鹅、
羊、牛鲜鱼、生冷等物。所宜食者,腰子、猪肉、圆眼、胡桃、莲肉、红枣、淡齑、干菜类,其
甘甜之物,亦不可恣口、恐成口疳也。
人的津液,就像天空中的雨露、大海里的潮汐一样重要。天空没有雨露就会干旱,大海没有潮汐就会干涸,人如果没有津液就会口渴,甚至在痘疹(天花/水痘等出疹性疾病)痊愈后出现变证而死亡。然而,如果心胃之间有热邪,导致火气炎上,从而造成津液不足的人,必然会出现烦躁、气喘、口渴的疾病。如果脏腑有热邪,导致火气在下加剧,从而造成津液不足的人,必然会出现狂叫、闭塞不通的疾病。如果脾脏有热而津液不足,就会出现口渴和腹泻;肺脏有热而津液不足,就会出现咳嗽;肝脏有热而津液不足,就会出现眼睛畏光;如果风热之邪侵袭咽喉,且津液不足,就会导致声音嘶哑;如果使用药物发汗或升提太过而导致津液不足,就会导致身体溃乱失调;如果骨肉虚弱而津液不足,就会出现肌肉抽搐、筋骨拘挛,以及骨节疼痛。治疗原则贵在分辨虚实,但大略不外乎清除热邪和生津液这两方面罢了。然而,还有一种情况是锅底没有火(肾阳虚衰),导致锅盖干燥(津液无法蒸腾气化),这时应当采用“水中补火”的方法,这才是生成津液的根源所在。
各种燥热扰乱神志、精神狂越的症状,都归属于火邪。然而,痘疹痊愈后出现狂叫、气喘呼号的病症有两种情况:一种是因为热毒尚存,不能发散透达所致。治疗宜用清凉解毒之法,或者顺应病势将其发散出来;另一种是因为脏腑热燥且缺乏津液所致,治疗宜轻微使用利水药物,以引导心经之热下行,因为心火下降,则肾水得以滋生,各种热邪自然消退,此时又应当兼用清热滋阴的药物。如果单纯地强力利尿,那么水湿虽多但燥热会更加严重。
凡是痘疹痊愈之后,疮疤柔嫩而未结痂结实,肠胃之气虚弱而未恢复强壮时,对外应当谨慎避开风寒,对内应当调理饮食。触犯禁忌时起初症状轻微如秋毫之末,一旦发病则沉重如山岳。即使依据正确的方法治疗,时机也不宜过早或过晚。过早则嫩疤容易受风邪侵袭,过晚则皮肤干燥生疮。因此必须等待一个多月后,才煎煮荆芥及榆树、槐树、柳树、艾叶的汤剂沐浴。忌服含有升麻、厚朴、大黄等具有升散攻下作用的方剂,以及食用蜜水、西瓜、柿子、梨子、栗子、橘子、柑子、白果、酒糟、芥菜、葱、韭菜、藠头、大蒜、獐肉、兔肉、鸡肉、鹅肉、羊肉、牛肉、鲜鱼、生冷食物等。适宜食用的食物有:猪腰子、猪肉、桂圆、核桃、莲子、红枣、淡咸菜、干菜类。甘甜的食物也不可放纵口腹之欲,恐怕会形成口疳(口腔溃疡)。
The body's Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are to humans what rain and dew are to the sky, or tides are to the sea. If the sky lacks rain and dew, there is drought; if the sea lacks tides, it dries up; if a person lacks Jin-Ye (Body Fluids), they become thirsty, and in severe cases, may suffer from complications after smallpox/varioloid (Dou-Zheng) leading to death. However, if there is heat in the Heart and Stomach causing Fire to flare upwards, resulting in deficient Jin-Ye (Body Fluids), one will inevitably suffer from irritability, panting, and thirst. If there is heat in the Zang-Fu organs causing Fire to intensify downwards, resulting in deficient Jin-Ye (Body Fluids), one will inevitably suffer from manic shouting and obstruction/closure. If the Spleen has heat and Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are deficient, there will be thirst and diarrhea; if the Lungs have heat and Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are deficient, there will be coughing; if the Liver has heat and Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are deficient, there will be photophobia (aversion to light); if Wind-Heat attacks the throat and Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are deficient, hoarseness will occur; if excessive use of diaphoretic or ascending drugs leads to deficient Jin-Ye (Body Fluids), chaotic disarray will result; if the flesh and bones are deficient and Jin-Ye (Body Fluids) are lacking, muscle twitching and tendon contraction, along with joint pain, will occur. Treatment values distinguishing deficiency and excess, but generally does not go beyond clearing heat and generating fluids. Furthermore, there is the case where there is no fire under the cauldron (Kidney Yang Deficiency), causing the lid to dry out (failure of fluid vaporization); in this case, the method of "supplementing fire within water" should be used, which is the true source of generating Jin-Ye (Body Fluids).
All conditions involving dryness disturbing the spirit and manic hyperactivity belong to Fire. However, there are two types of manic shouting and panting after smallpox/varioloid (Dou-Zheng): one is due to residual Heat-Toxin that cannot be vented. Treatment should employ cooling and detoxifying methods, or follow the pathogenic trend to vent it. The other is due to heat-dryness in the Zang-Fu organs and lack of Jin-Ye (Body Fluids). Treatment should mildly employ diuretic methods to guide Heart-Heat downward, for when Heart-Fire descends, Kidney-Water is generated, and various heats recede naturally; at this time, heat-clearing and Yin-nourishing herbs should also be used. If water is purely and strongly drained, although water volume increases, dryness-heat will worsen.
After smallpox/varioloid (Dou-Zheng), when the scabs are tender and not yet solidified, and the Qi of the Intestines and Stomach is weak and not yet strong, one should carefully avoid Wind-Cold externally and regulate diet internally. Violating these precautions initially causes symptoms as slight as an autumn hair tip, but once illness sets in, it becomes heavy as a mountain. Even following correct treatment principles, timing should not be too early or too late. Too early makes tender scabs susceptible to Wind; too late causes skin dryness and sores. Therefore, one must wait over a month before bathing with decoctions of Schizonepeta (Jing-Jie), Elm (Yu), Locust Tree (Huai), Willow (Liu), and Mugwort (Ai) leaves. Decoctions containing Ephedra (Sheng-Ma - *Note: Shengma is Cimicifuga, often grouped with ascending herbs*), Atractodes (Hou-Po), and Rhubarb (Da-Huang) that ascend or purge should be avoided. Foods such as honey water, watermelon, persimmon, pear, chestnut, orange, mandarin, ginkgo, wine lees, mustard greens, green onion, leek, Welsh onion, garlic, muntjac, rabbit, chicken, goose, sheep, cow, fresh fish, and raw/cold foods should be avoided. Suitable foods include pork kidney, pork meat, longan, walnut, lotus seed, red date, light salted vegetables, and dried vegetables. Sweet foods should not be consumed excessively, lest they cause mouth ulcers (Kou-Gan).