凡病昼则增剧，夜则安静者，是气病而血不病，或脾气虚也，当补脾气。夜则增剧
昼则安静者，是血病而气不病，或脾阴虚也，当补脾阴。昼热夜静，是阳气旺于阳
分，昼静夜热，是阳气下陷入阴中。若昼夜俱热，是重阳无阴也，昼静夜寒，是阴血旺
于阴分也。夜静昼寒是阴气上溢于阳中也。昼夜俱寒，是重阴无阳也。昼寒夜热病名阴
阳交。受而死矣。欲冷者知为热，欲热者知为寒，好静者知为虚，好动者知为实，恶食
知伤食，恶风知伤风。凡日中得病，夜半则愈，夜半得病，日中则愈，是阳不利，得阴
则和，阴不和得阳即和之义耳。大喜后乳食多成惊痫。《经》曰∶暴怒伤阴，暴喜伤阳。
更曰∶伤阴则泻，伤阳则惊。大喜后饮水多成喘急，故曰水伤三焦，令气息喘急。更日
汗后饮水，亦成喘，盖喜属心，汗亦属心，湿热之气，流入肺家，令生喘也。大哭后乳
食，多成吐泻，哭属肺而即脯乳食，则令伤肺，肺气逆则吐，更肺与大肠为表里，故泻
也。大哭后，饮水多成嗽噎，亦因哭属肺，而即饮水则令气逆不利也。大饥后乳食，多
成腹痛，盖食不可急，急则不细，乃伤脾气，多成积聚癖块，故腹痛也。大饥后饮
水，多成泄滞肚疼，盖饥后饮水，则令湿伤脾，是以腹痛，湿胜则泻。大饱后饮水，多
成气逆，《经》曰∶饮多则肺叶布，故气逆上奔也。大饱后迎风，多成暴厥，因食气上
冲心肺之间而未散，卒被水冷所激，故暴厥不醒，如中风也。大惊后乳食，呕吐心痛，
盖心主惊，惊后乳食，则少阴受邪，故即心痛兼惊后乳食，则少阴气节不通，故吐逆
也。大惊后饮水，久成不语，盖心主惊，惊后饮水，则伤心气。夫心通于舌，舌本无
力，故不能语，然亦能成水痢癖，《室鉴》曰∶水痢癖者，因水饮被惊而成也。当风乳
儿，则成嗽吐腹膨，盖迎风饮乳，则风冷入肺，故作嗽吐。《经》曰∶形寒饮冷则伤肺，
肺伤则咳嗽，兼肺主气，气伤则腹膨，当风饮水，则成雀目青盲。《素问》云∶风气通
于肝。当风饮水，则水停于汗，肝气通于目，故成雀目青盲也。夜露下乳儿，多成呕
吐，盖冷乳不散，停滞胸膈，故气逆呕吐也。夜露下饮水，多成泄泻，《素问》曰∶
湿胜在内，攻于脾胃，脾胃受湿，则水谷不分而泄泻也。正食便乳，则成疳黄口臭，牙
中出血，又曰乳食并餐，必成痰癖。方汗便乳，则成心疳壮热，盖汗者，心之液，正汗
便乳，则伤其心，心伤则液散，皮肤枯燥，故成心疳，而面黄脸赤，身体壮热，大汗脱
衣，得偏风半身不遂，母食辛热面物乳儿，多成龟胸，盖龟胸因肺热胀满所致。若母恣
食辛热之物，流入乳络，令儿肺热而然也。母食酸咸煎爆乳儿，令儿成渴，盖小儿脏腑
软弱，感母之气，脏腑生热，热则烦躁，故渴不止。又曰∶母食酱肉饮水，则成渴痢。
母醉卧当风，乳儿失音。盖因风冷酒毒瓦斯乱之乳，入于喉掩之间故也。母大饱乳儿，则
令身热喘急，盖大饱则胸膈气息未调，若便乳儿是以身热喘急。又曰∶醉饱伤劳，乳儿
多成疳病。饮水便乳则成痰热惊风，书曰∶饮水并伤乳，则乳不得下而为痰结在胸，是
以为热为痰，作吐作泻，或作惊痫。饮酒食肉乳儿，令成天 ，盖烦闷之毒，流入乳
中，即便乳儿，是以邪热伤心，心神惊悸，壮热抽掣，而成天 。嗽后饮乳，则成痰
喘惊噎，盖嗽者肺也，肺气方逆，而与乳则痰聚不散，气道不利，关节不通，是以痰嗽
作喘惊噎成风矣。嗽后饮水，则成鼻 多涕，盖嗽主肺，而鼻为肺窍，嗽后饮水，则
肺气受寒，是以涕下不止，而鼻 矣。悲喜未定即乳，则成涎嗽，盖心主喜，而肝属
悲，悲喜未定即乳，则伤肝心，是以风火交激成痰，流滞于肺，故为涎嗽，悲喜未定，
饮水则成吐血，盖悲喜未定，则血气未和，饮水则逆其气，气逆则胜血，气上奔而血亦
为之吐出色，儿啼未定便乳，则生瘿气，盖见啼未定，则息候未调，便即与乳，则气逆
不得消散，故积聚而成瘰 瘿气也。儿啼未定饮水，则成胸高喘急，盖气逆之际，寒冷
所加则气伤于肺，是以痰结喘急，肺胀胸高矣。母方淫 情乱乳儿，则令吐泻，身热
啼叫，必发惊痫。其母试浴未干乳儿，则生疮疥，盖湿热之气，流入乳络，水湿有伤心
脾，脾主肌肉，故湿热熏蒸而然也。拭浴未干饮水，则成头疼身热，盖外既受寒，内又
饮冷，则表里俱伤故也。此皆保婴之要旨，百病之由生，可不详与！
凡是白天病情加重，夜间安静的，这是气分有病而血分无病，或者是脾气虚弱，应当补益脾气。凡是夜间病情加重，白天安静的，这是血分有病而气分无病，或者是脾阴虚，应当补益脾阴。白天发热夜间安静，是阳气旺盛于阳分；白天安静夜间发热，是阳气下陷进入阴中。如果昼夜都发热，这是重阳而无阴；白天安静夜间寒冷，是阴血旺盛于阴分。夜间安静白天寒冷，是阴气上溢于阳分。如果昼夜都寒冷，这是重阴而无阳。白天寒冷夜间发热的病名叫阴阳交，这种病证属于危重，预后不良（受而死矣）。想要冷饮的知道是热证，想要热饮的知道是寒证，喜欢安静的知道是虚证，喜欢活动的知道是实证，厌恶食物的知道是伤食，厌恶风的知道是伤风。凡是中午得病，半夜痊愈的，是阳气不利，得到阴气调和；半夜得病，中午痊愈的，是阴气不和，得到阳气即调和的意思。
大喜之后哺乳或进食，多形成惊痫。《内经》说：暴怒伤阴，暴喜伤阳。又说：伤阴则导致腹泻，伤阳则导致惊悸。大喜之后大量饮水，多形成喘急，所以说水邪伤害三焦，导致气息喘急。出汗之后饮水，也形成喘症，因为喜归属于心，汗也归属于心，湿热之气流入肺脏，导致产生喘症。大哭之后哺乳或进食，多形成呕吐腹泻，哭归属于肺，紧接着吃奶或食物，就会伤害肺气，肺气上逆则呕吐，又因为肺与大肠相表里，所以导致腹泻。大哭之后大量饮水，多形成咳嗽噎塞，也是因为哭归属于肺，紧接着饮水就会导致气逆不利。极度饥饿之后哺乳或进食，多形成腹痛，因为食物不可急促食用，急促则咀嚼不细，从而伤害脾气，多形成积聚癖块，所以导致腹痛。极度饥饿之后饮水，多形成泄泻、停滞和肚痛，因为饥饿后饮水，会导致湿气伤害脾脏，因此腹痛，湿盛则导致泄泻。吃得过饱之后饮水，多形成气逆，《内经》说：饮水过多则肺叶舒展无力（布），所以气逆上奔。吃得过饱之后迎风，多形成暴厥，因为食气上冲心肺之间尚未消散，突然被水冷刺激，所以暴厥不醒，如同中风一样。
大惊之后哺乳或进食，出现呕吐心痛，因为心主惊，大惊后哺乳或进食，则少阴经受邪，所以立即心痛；兼有大惊后哺乳或进食，则少阴经气节不通，所以吐逆。大惊之后饮水，久则形成失语，因为心主惊，大惊后饮水，则伤心气。心通于舌，舌根无力，所以不能说话，然而也能形成水痢癖，《室鉴》说：水痢癖，是因为水饮被惊恐所诱发而成。对着风给婴儿哺乳，则形成咳嗽、呕吐、腹部膨隆，因为迎风喝奶，风冷进入肺脏，所以作咳作吐。《内经》说：形体受寒、饮食生冷则伤肺，肺受伤则咳嗽，兼肺主气，气受伤则腹部膨隆。对着风饮水，则形成雀目（夜盲）和青盲（失明）。《素问》说：风气通于肝。对着风饮水，则水停留于汗孔，肝气通于目，所以形成雀目和青盲。夜晚露水下降时给婴儿哺乳，多形成呕吐，因为冷乳不散，停滞在胸膈，所以气逆呕吐。夜晚露水下降时饮水，多形成泄泻，《素问》说：湿气胜在内，攻伐脾胃，脾胃受湿，则水谷不分而泄泻。正在吃饭就喂奶，则形成疳黄、口臭、牙中出血，又说乳食同时进食，必形成痰癖。刚出汗就喂奶，则形成心疳壮热，因为汗是心的液，正出汗时喂奶，则伤害心脏，心脏受伤则津液散失，皮肤枯燥，所以形成心疳，表现为面黄脸赤，身体壮热，大汗淋漓脱衣，甚至得偏风半身不遂。母亲吃辛辣热性面食喂奶，多形成龟胸，因为龟胸是由于肺热胀满所致。如果母亲恣意吃辛辣热性的东西，流入乳络，令小儿肺热而然。母亲吃酸咸煎炸爆炒的食物喂奶，令小儿形成口渴，因为小儿脏腑软弱，感受母亲的气息，脏腑生热，热则烦躁，所以口渴不止。又说：母亲吃酱肉饮水，则小儿形成渴痢。母亲醉酒卧于风中喂奶，使小儿失音。因为风冷酒毒扰乱乳汁，进入喉咽之间。母亲吃得过饱喂奶，则令小儿身热喘急，因为吃得过饱则胸膈气息未调，如果便喂奶，所以身热喘急。又说：醉饱伤劳，喂奶多形成疳病。饮水后便喂奶则形成痰热惊风，书上说：饮水并伤乳，则乳不得下行而为痰结在胸，这是因为为热为痰，作吐作泻，或者作惊痫。饮酒吃肉喂奶，令小儿形成天钓（惊风抽搐），因为烦闷之毒，流入乳中，即便喂奶，是以邪热伤心，心神惊悸，壮热抽掣，而形成天钓。咳嗽后饮奶，则形成痰喘惊噎，因为咳嗽是肺的病，肺气方逆，而与乳则痰聚不散，气道不利，关节不通，是以痰嗽作喘惊噎成风了。咳嗽后饮水，则形成鼻塞多涕，因为咳嗽主肺，而鼻为肺窍，咳嗽后饮水，则肺气受寒，是以涕下不止，而鼻塞。悲伤喜悦情绪未定就喂奶，则形成涎嗽，因为心主喜，而肝属悲，悲喜未定就喂奶，则伤肝心，是以风火交激成痰，流滞于肺，故为涎嗽。悲喜未定，饮水则形成吐血，因为悲喜未定，则血气未和，饮水则逆其气，气逆则胜血，气上奔而血也随之吐出。婴儿啼哭未定就喂奶，则生瘿气，因为见啼哭未定，则息候未调，便即给予哺乳，则气逆不得消散，故积聚而成瘰疬瘿气。婴儿啼哭未定饮水，则形成胸高喘急，因为气逆之际，寒冷所加则气伤于肺，是以痰结喘急，肺胀胸高。母亲方才淫乱情欲喂奶，则令小儿吐泻、身热啼叫，必发惊痫。母亲试浴未干喂奶，则生疮疥，因为湿热之气，流入乳络，水湿有伤心脾，脾主肌肉，故湿热熏蒸而然。擦拭身体未干饮水，则形成头疼身热，因为外既受寒，内又饮冷，则表里俱伤。这些都是保婴的要旨，百病由何而生，能不详细考察吗！
In general, if a disease worsens during the day and remains quiet at night, it indicates a Qi disorder without Blood involvement, or Spleen Qi deficiency; treatment should tonify Spleen Qi. If a disease worsens at night and remains quiet during the day, it indicates a Blood disorder without Qi involvement, or Spleen Yin deficiency; treatment should tonify Spleen Yin. Daytime fever with nighttime quietness indicates Yang Qi flourishing in the Yang aspect; daytime quietness with nighttime fever indicates Yang Qi sinking into the Yin aspect. If there is fever both day and night, it signifies Repeated Yang without Yin; daytime quietness with nighttime cold indicates Yin Blood flourishing in the Yin aspect. Nighttime quietness with daytime cold indicates Yin Qi overflowing into the Yang aspect. If there is cold both day and night, it signifies Repeated Yin without Yang. Daytime cold with nighttime fever is named "Yin-Yang Intersection" (Yin Yang Jiao), a critical condition implying death. Thirst for cold drinks indicates Heat; thirst for hot drinks indicates Cold. Preference for stillness indicates Deficiency; preference for movement indicates Excess. Aversion to food indicates Food Stagnation; aversion to wind indicates Wind Invasion. If illness contracted at noon heals by midnight, it means Yang was obstructed and harmonized by Yin; if illness contracted at midnight heals by noon, it means Yin was disharmonious and harmonized by Yang.
Excessive joy followed by breastfeeding or eating often leads to Startle Epilepsy (Jing Xian). The *Classic* states: "Sudden anger injures Yin, sudden joy injures Yang." It further states: "Injury to Yin causes diarrhea, injury to Yang causes startle." Excessive drinking after great joy often leads to panting and urgency, as water pathogen damages the Triple Burner (San Jiao), causing rapid breathing. Drinking after sweating also causes panting, because joy belongs to the Heart, and sweat also belongs to the Heart; damp-heat qi flows into the Lung organ, causing panting. Breastfeeding or eating after loud crying often leads to vomiting and diarrhea. Crying belongs to the Lung; feeding immediately after crying injures Lung Qi. When Lung Qi rebels upward, vomiting occurs; since the Lung and Large Intestine are exterior-interior paired organs, diarrhea follows. Drinking large amounts of water after loud crying often leads to coughing and choking, again because crying belongs to the Lung, and immediate drinking causes Qi rebellion and obstruction. Eating after extreme hunger often leads to abdominal pain, as food eaten hastily is not chewed well, injuring Spleen Qi and often forming accumulations and masses, thus causing pain. Drinking after extreme hunger often leads to diarrhea, stagnation, and abdominal pain, as drinking while hungry allows dampness to injure the Spleen, causing pain and diarrhea due to excess dampness. Drinking after being overly full often leads to Qi rebellion; the *Classic* says: "Excessive drinking causes the lung lobes to spread/flaccid," leading to rebellious Qi. Going out into the wind after being overly full often leads to sudden syncope (Bao Jue), as the Qi of food rushes between the Heart and Lung but has not dispersed, and sudden exposure to cold water shocks the system, causing unconsciousness similar to stroke.
Great fright followed by breastfeeding or eating causes vomiting and heart pain, because the Heart governs fright; after fright, breastfeeding or eating invades the Shaoyin meridian, causing immediate heart pain. Combined with fright, the Shaoyin Qi nodes become blocked, causing vomiting and rebellion. Drinking after great fright may eventually lead to mutism, because the Heart governs fright, and drinking afterward injures Heart Qi. The Heart connects to the tongue; if the tongue base lacks strength, speech is impossible. However, this can also form Water Dysentery Mass (Shui Li Pi); the *Shi Jian* states that Water Dysentery Mass arises from water retention induced by fright. Breastfeeding in the wind causes cough, vomiting, and abdominal distension, as wind-cold enters the Lung via milk intake. The *Classic* states: "Cold shape and cold drink injure the Lung"; Lung injury causes cough, and since the Lung governs Qi, Qi injury causes abdominal distension. Drinking in the wind causes night blindness (Que Mu) and blindness (Qing Mang). The *Su Wen* states: "Wind Qi communicates with the Liver." Drinking in the wind causes water to stagnate in the sweat pores; Liver Qi communicates with the eyes, hence night blindness and blindness result. Breastfeeding under night dew often causes vomiting, as cold milk fails to disperse and stagnates in the chest and diaphragm, causing Qi rebellion and vomiting. Drinking under night dew often causes diarrhea; the *Su Wen* states: "Excess dampness inside attacks the Spleen and Stomach; when Spleen and Stomach receive dampness, water and grain are not separated, leading to diarrhea." Nursing immediately after solid food causes Infantile Malnutrition Jaundice (Gan Huang), bad breath, and bleeding gums; simultaneous nursing and eating inevitably forms Phlegm Mass. Nursing immediately after sweating causes Heart Gan with high fever, because sweat is the fluid of the Heart; nursing during sweating injures the Heart, scattering fluids, drying the skin, and forming Heart Gan, characterized by yellow face, red cheeks, high fever, profuse sweating, and potentially hemiplegia due to wind strike.
If the mother consumes spicy and hot wheat products while nursing, the infant may develop Tortoise Chest (Gui Xiong), caused by Lung heat and distension. If the mother indulges in spicy and hot foods, these enter the milk channels, causing Lung heat in the infant. If the mother consumes sour, salty, fried, or roasted foods while nursing, the infant becomes thirsty, as infants have weak Zang-Fu organs; they absorb the mother's Qi, generating internal heat, irritability, and persistent thirst. It is also said that if the mother eats meat paste and drinks water, the infant develops thirst-dysentery. If the mother nurses while drunk and exposed to wind, the infant loses voice, as wind-cold and alcohol toxins disturb the milk entering the throat. If the mother nurses after being overly full, the infant develops body heat and panting, as the Qi in the chest and diaphragm is unregulated; nursing then causes heat and panting. It is also said that drunkenness, fullness, and labor injury while nursing often cause Infantile Malnutrition (Gan Disease). Drinking water then nursing causes Phlegm-Heat Startle Wind; texts state that mixing water and milk prevents milk descent, forming phlegm knots in the chest, leading to heat, phlegm, vomiting, diarrhea, or startle epilepsy. Consuming alcohol and meat while nursing causes Tian Gou (Congenital Convulsions/Startle), as toxic stuffiness enters the milk, invading the Heart with evil heat, causing spirit agitation, palpitations, high fever, and convulsions. Nursing after coughing causes Phlegm-Panting Startle Choking, as coughing involves Lung Qi rebellion; adding milk causes phlegm accumulation, blocking airways and joints, leading to wind patterns. Drinking water after coughing causes nasal congestion and runny nose, as coughing affects the Lung, and the nose is the orifice of the Lung; cold water after coughing injures Lung Qi, causing continuous rhinorrhea and congestion. Nursing while emotions of sorrow and joy are unsettled causes Saliva-Cough, because the Heart governs joy and the Liver governs sorrow; unsettled emotions injure Liver and Heart, causing wind-fire interaction and phlegm stagnation in the Lung. Drinking while emotions are unsettled causes hematemesis, as blood and Qi are disharmonious; drinking reverses Qi, which overcomes Blood, causing blood to vomit upward. Nursing while an infant is crying causes Goiter Qi (Ying Qi), as irregular breathing persists; nursing then causes Qi rebellion and accumulation, forming lymphatic swellings and goiter. Drinking while an infant is crying causes high chest and panting, as cold added to rebellious Qi injures the Lung, forming phlegm knots, panting, and lung distension with high chest. If the mother nurses after sexual arousal, the infant may suffer vomiting, diarrhea, body heat, crying, and likely startle epilepsy. If the mother nurses while her bath is not dry, sores and scabies arise, as damp-heat enters the milk channels, damaging Heart and Spleen; since the Spleen governs muscles, damp-heat steaming causes this. Wiping the body while wet and drinking causes headache and body heat, as external cold and internal cold drink simultaneously injure the interior and exterior. These are the essential principles of infant care; how can one fail to investigate the origins of all diseases?