太阳病，发汗过多，心悸有水，或呕、或利，头眩筋惕，身重 动，振振欲擗地
者，此方主之。
茯苓（三两） 白术（二两） 芍药 生姜（各三两） 附子（制，一枚） 水八升，煮三升，
温服七合，日三服。
真武，北方水神也。凡肾之真阳盛，则水皆内附，而与肾气同其收藏矣。肾之阳
虚，不能制水，则泛滥为病，故上凌心而为眩悸，中侮土而致呕泻也，方名真武，盖取
固肾为义，肾阳足而水自安，医者畏附而不投，病者亦甘毙而不悟，于是夭折者多矣。
治伤寒头痛，憎寒壮热，项强睛暗，鼻塞声重，风痰咳嗽，及时气疫疠鬼疟，诸疮
斑疹等症。
人参 羌活 独活 柴胡 前胡 川芎 枳壳 桔梗 茯苓（一两） 甘草（五钱） 每
服一两，加生姜、薄荷，煎服。
喻嘉言曰∶暑湿热三气门中，推此方为第一。三气合邪，岂易当哉！其气互传则为
疫矣。方中所用皆辛平，更有人参大力者，荷正以祛邪，病者日服二三剂，使疫邪不复
留，讵不快哉。奈何俗医减人参，曾与他方有别耶。又曰∶伤寒宜用人参，其辨不可不
明。盖人受外感之邪，必先汗以驱之，惟元气旺者，外邪始乘药势以出。若素弱之人，
药虽外行，气从中馁，轻者半出不出，重者，反随元气缩入，发热无休矣。所以虚弱
之体，必用人参三五七分，入表药中，少助元气，以为驱邪之主，使邪气得药一涌而
出，全非补养衰弱之意也。即和解药中有人参之大力者居间，外邪遇正，自不争而退
舍，否则，邪气之纵悍安肯听命和解耶？不知者，谓伤寒无补法，邪得补而弥炽，即痘
疹疟痢以及中风、中痰、中寒、中暑、痈疽产后初时概不敢用，而虚人之遇重病有可生
之机，悉置不理矣。古方表汗用五积散，参苏饮，败毒散，和解用小柴胡、白虎汤、竹
叶石膏汤等方，皆用人参，领内邪外出，乃得速愈，奈何不察耶，外感体虚之人，汗之
热不退，下之和之热亦不退，大热呻吟，津液灼尽，身如枯柴，医者技穷，正为元气已
漓，故药不应耳，倘元气未漓，先用人参三五七分，领药深入驱邪，何至汗和不应耶。
东垣治内伤外感，用补中益气加表药一二
味，热服而散外邪，真有功千古。伤寒专科从仲景至今明贤方书无不用参，何近日医家
单除不用，全失相传宗旨，使体虚之人百无一活，会不悟其害之也。嘉靖已末，江淮大
疫，甚至口疮赤眼，大小腮肿喉闭，当从中治，而用少阳阳明二经药，并用败毒散倍人
参，去前胡独活，服者尽效，万历已卯大疫，用本方复效。崇祯辛已王午，大饥大
疫，道馑相望，汗和药中惟加人参者多活，更有发斑一症最毒，惟加参于消斑药中，全
活甚众。凡饥馑兵荒之余，气候失和，加之饮食起居不节，以人之虚逢天之虚，致患时
气者，尤宜此法。若用正伤寒之治，大汗大下，岂不误甚。
太阳病，发汗过多，导致心悸且伴有水饮内停，或者出现呕吐、腹泻，头晕目眩、筋肉跳动，身体沉重、动作不稳，颤抖欲倒地的症状，此方主治。
茯苓（三两） 白术（二两） 芍药 生姜（各三两） 附子（炮制，一枚） 用水八升，煮取三升，温服七合，每日三次服用。
真武，是北方的水神。凡是肾中真阳旺盛，则水液皆向内依附，与肾气一同发挥收藏作用。若肾阳虚弱，不能制约水液，则水液泛滥成病，所以上面凌犯心脏而导致眩晕和心悸，中间侮犯脾土而引发呕吐和腹泻。方名“真武”，大概取意于固护肾脏。肾阳充足则水液自然安定。医生畏惧附子而不使用，病人也甘愿死亡而不醒悟，因此夭折的人很多了。
治疗伤寒引起的头痛，怕冷高热，颈项强直、眼睛昏花，鼻塞声音重浊，风痰咳嗽，以及时行疫病、鬼疟，各种疮疡斑疹等症状。
人参 羌活 独活 柴胡 前胡 川芎 枳壳 桔梗 茯苓（一两） 甘草（五钱） 每次服用一两，加入生姜、薄荷，煎汤服用。
喻嘉言说：在暑、湿、热三门疾病中，推崇此方为第一。这三种邪气结合致病，难道容易对付吗！它们的气相互传变就成为疫病。方中所用药物都是辛平之性，更有人参大力补气的作用，扶持正气以祛除邪气，病人每天服用二三剂，使疫邪不再停留，难道不快乐吗？奈何世俗医生减少人参用量，这与其他方剂有什么不同呢？又说：治疗伤寒宜用人参，其中的辨别不可不明确。大概人感受外感邪气，必须先通过发汗来驱除它，只有元气旺盛的人，外邪才能借助药势排出体外。如果是素体虚弱的人，药虽然向外运行，但气在中焦已经馁弱，轻的病邪半出不出，重的反而随着元气缩入体内，发热不停止。所以虚弱体质的人，必须用人参三五七分，加入解表药中，稍微辅助元气，作为驱邪的主导，使邪气得到药力一涌而出，完全不是为了补养衰弱之意。即使在和解药中有人参大力者居间，外邪遇到正气，自然不争而退避，否则，邪气的凶悍怎肯听从和解的指挥？不知道的人，认为伤寒没有补法，邪气得到补益会更加炽盛，即痘疹、疟疾、痢疾以及中风、中痰、中寒、中暑、痈疽产后初期一概不敢使用，而体虚之人遇到重病有生机，全都置之不理了。古方表汗用五积散、参苏饮、败毒散，和解用小柴胡汤、白虎汤、竹叶石膏汤等方，都用人参，引领内邪外出，才得以迅速痊愈，为什么不考察呢？外感且体虚的人，发汗后热不退，攻下或和解后热也不退，大热呻吟，津液烧干，身体像枯柴一样，医生技术穷尽，正是因为元气已耗散，所以药不对症罢了。倘若元气未耗散，先用人参三五七分，领药深入驱邪，何至于发汗和解都不见效呢？
李东垣治疗内伤兼外感，用补中益气汤加一二味解表药，热服以发散外邪，真有功垂千古。伤寒专科从张仲景至今明代贤人的方书中无不使用人参，为何近日医家单独剔除不用，完全失去了相传的宗旨，使体虚之人百无一活，难道不醒悟其危害吗？嘉靖己末年，江淮地区大瘟疫，甚至出现口疮赤眼、大小腮肿喉闭，应当从中焦治疗，而使用少阳、阳明二经的药物，并用败毒散倍用人参，去掉前胡、独活，服用者全部有效。万历己卯年大瘟疫，用本方再次见效。崇祯辛巳、壬午年，大饥荒和大瘟疫，道路上饿死的人相望，发汗和解药中只加人参的多存活下来。更有发斑这一症状最毒，只在消斑药中加入人参，保全性命的人很多。凡是饥荒兵乱之后，气候不和，加上饮食起居不节制，以人之虚逢天之虚，导致患时行病的，尤其适宜此法。如果用正伤寒的治疗方法，大汗大下，岂不是误得很严重。
Taiyang disease (disease of the Taiyang channel), after excessive sweating, leads to palpitations with internal water retention, or vomiting, or diarrhea, dizziness, muscle twitching, heavy body, unsteady movement, trembling and desire to fall to the ground. This formula is indicated for these symptoms.
Fuling (Tuckahoe Rhizome) (3 liang), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (2 liang), Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) (each 3 liang), Fuzi (Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix) (1 piece). Use 8 sheng of water, boil to obtain 3 sheng, take 7 ge warm, three times a day.
Zhenwu is the Water God of the North. Whenever the True Yang of the Kidney is vigorous, water internally adheres and shares the storage function with Kidney Qi. If Kidney Yang is deficient and cannot control water, water overflows causing disease; thus, it insults the Heart from above leading to dizziness and palpitations, and insults the Spleen/Earth from the middle causing vomiting and diarrhea. The formula is named "Zhenwu," implying the meaning of securing the Kidney. When Kidney Yang is sufficient, water naturally settles. Physicians fear using Fuzi and do not administer it, while patients willingly die without realizing it, resulting in many premature deaths.
It treats headache due to Shanghan (Cold Damage), aversion to cold with high fever, neck stiffness and blurred vision, nasal congestion with heavy voice, wind-phlegm cough, as well as seasonal epidemics, ghost malaria, various sores, macules, and rashes.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Qianhu (Peucedani Radix), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Fuling (Tuckahoe Rhizome) (1 liang), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 qian). Each dose is 1 liang, add Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) and Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), decoct and take.
Yu Jiayan said: Among the categories of Summerheat, Dampness, and Heat, this formula is recommended as the first. How difficult is it to handle pathogens where these three qi combine! Their qi transmits mutually to become epidemic. All herbs used in the formula are pungent and neutral, further aided by the strong qi-tonifying power of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), supporting Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) to expel Xie Qi (Pathogenic Qi). If the patient takes two or three doses daily, preventing the epidemic pathogen from lingering, is this not delightful? Alas, common physicians reduce the dosage of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma); how does this differ from other formulas? He also said: In treating Shanghan (Cold Damage), one should use Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma); the differentiation must be clear. Generally, when a person contracts external pathogenic factors, they must first be expelled via sweating. Only those with robust Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) can have external pathogens driven out by the medicinal force. For those who are constitutionally weak, although the medicine acts outwardly, the Qi becomes depleted in the middle. In mild cases, half the pathogen remains inside; in severe cases, it retreats inward following the depleted Qi, causing continuous fever. Therefore, for individuals with weak constitutions, one must use 3-5-7 fen of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) added to exterior-releasing medicines, slightly assisting Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) to act as the main driver for expelling pathogens, so that the pathogen is surged out with the medicine's help. This is entirely not for the purpose of tonifying weakness. Even in harmonizing formulas, if there is a strong presence of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) mediating, external pathogens encountering Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) will naturally retreat without contention; otherwise, how could fierce pathogens obey harmonization? Those who do not understand believe there is no tonification method for Shanghan (Cold Damage), fearing that tonification will make the pathogen more intense. Thus, for initial stages of smallpox/rash, malaria, dysentery, stroke, phlegm obstruction, cold invasion, summerheat, carbuncles, and postpartum conditions, they dare not use tonics, leaving weak patients with serious illnesses without hope. Ancient formulas for inducing sweating such as Wuji San (Five Accumulations Powder), Shen Su Yin (Ginseng and Perilla Decoction), and Baidu San (Toxin-Resolving Powder), and for harmonizing such as Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction), Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), and Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction), all use Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to lead internal pathogens outward, achieving rapid recovery. Why is this not observed? For those with external contraction and weak constitution, if fever persists after sweating, purging, or harmonizing, accompanied by groaning from high fever, dried-up fluids, and a body like dry firewood, the physician's skills seem exhausted because Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) has already dissipated, hence the medicine fails. If Yuan Qi (Primal Qi) is not yet dissipated, using 3-5-7 fen of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) first to guide the medicine deep into the body to expel pathogens, why would sweating or harmonizing fail?
Li Dongyuan treated internal injury with external contraction by using Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Middle-Boosting Qi-Invigorating Decoction) plus one or two exterior-releasing herbs, taken hot to disperse external pathogens, truly contributing merit for millennia. Specialized Shanghan (Cold Damage) texts from Zhang Zhongjing to Ming dynasty sages all use Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma). Why do recent physicians exclude it entirely, completely losing the transmitted principle, causing the weak to have little chance of survival? Do they not realize the harm? In the Jiaying year of the Jiajing era, a great epidemic occurred in Jianghuai, even presenting with mouth ulcers, red eyes, swollen cheeks, and throat closure. Treatment should focus on the Middle Jiao, but using Shaoyang and Yangming channel herbs, combined with Baidu San (Toxin-Resolving Powder) with doubled Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and removing Qianhu (Peucedani Radix) and Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix), all patients recovered. In the Jimao year of the Wanli era, the same formula was effective again. In the Xin si and Ren wu years of the Chongzhen era, during great famine and epidemic, with corpses lining the roads, adding Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to sweating and harmonizing medicines saved many. Furthermore, the symptom of rash eruption is most toxic; adding Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to macule-resolving medicines saved many lives. After famines and wars, when climate is discordant and diet/lifestyle are irregular, human deficiency meeting heavenly deficiency leads to seasonal diseases; this method is especially suitable. Using standard Shanghan (Cold Damage) treatments with drastic sweating or purging would surely cause great error.