禀阴金之气以生，故其味辛苦大寒，无毒。气薄味浓，阳中阴也。为手太阴经正
药，亦入手阳明、足太阳经。辛能散，苦能泻。太寒泥阴，能下行逐水去结。有泻无补
之药，虚人总之。
葶苈子，行气走泄，消浮肿痰喘及咳，膀胱留热。凡肿壅上气，痰饮喘促，大降气
病，通利水道之要药。虚者远之，以性甚急而善逐水，殊动真气也。
主治（痘疹合参） 惟疹子痰咳不止宜之。择味甜者，下泄之性缓，虽泄肺而不伤
胃耳。以酒淘净、晒干，纸上微炒，研入丸用。痘中不宜。
得土之冲气，兼感冬寒之令以生，故其味甘苦气象，无毒。甘能化毒，寒能除热，
盖凡毒必热、必辛，一得清寒甘苦之味，则诸毒自解，犹人盛德，于物无兢，即阴毒性
害遇之不起矣，故为解毒清热之上药。若病患虚寒者勿服。
山豆根，咽喉肿痛要药，兼解诸毒，消疮肿，解痘毒，五般急黄，诸虫蛊毒。
主治（痘疹合参） 善解痘毒止痛，消一切疮肿，而痘后咽喉肿痛者尤宜。若食少
泄泻，虚火上炎，而咽喉肿痛者忌服。
禀天地阴毒之气以生，故味苦辛，大寒，有小毒。苦寒故性善下走，而入肾肝辛
则横走，无所不到，故主逐蛊毒，十二水，堕胎破 之药。然阴寒善走而下泄，泻肺损真虚人切忌。
大戟，凡入药，惟采正根，傍附误煎，冷泻难禁，反甘草、海澡、芫花，每同甘
遂，以利小便，消水肿腹满隐疼，除中风皮肤燥痛，驱蛊毒，破 坚，通月信，堕胎
散，颈 逐瘀，则其亩名为泽漆，亦治浮肿利水。总禀阴毒之气，善行而泄，以损真气者也。
主治（痘疹合参） 行十二水，伐肾邪。惟痘疮黑陷归肾，大小便不通，腹胀烦躁者
宜此。以泻膀胱之邪，非此不可妄用，宜去芦，泔水浸洗，晒干用。
禀受阴金之气而生，所以它的味道是辛苦且大寒的，没有毒性。它的气味轻薄而药力浓厚，属于阳中阴的性质。它是手太阴肺经的主治药物，同时也进入手阳明大肠经和足太阳膀胱经。辛味能发散，苦味能泻下。过于寒凉会阻碍阴气运行，能够向下行走以驱逐水湿、消除结聚。这是一味只有泻下作用而没有补益作用的药物，体虚之人应当避免使用。
葶苈子，具有行气走泄的功效，能消除浮肿、痰喘以及咳嗽，清除膀胱内的余热。凡是身体肿胀壅塞、气逆上冲、痰饮导致的呼吸急促，都是降气病证，它是通利水道的重要药物。体虚者应远离此药，因为它的药性非常急猛，善于逐水，极易损伤人体的真气。
主治（痘疹合参）：只有当痘疹患者出现痰咳不止的情况时才适宜使用。选择味道甜的品种，其下泄的药性较为缓和，虽然能泻肺气但不会伤害胃气。用酒淘洗干净、晒干后，在纸上轻微炒制，研成粉末入丸剂使用。痘疮患者不宜使用。
禀受土地的中气，并兼感冬季寒冷的时令之气而生，所以它的味道是甘苦的，没有毒性。甘味能化解毒素，寒性能清除热邪。大概凡是有毒之物必然伴有热性和辛味，一旦遇到清寒甘苦的味道，各种毒素自然解除，就像人有高尚的德行，与万物无争一样，即使是阴毒性的危害遇到它也不会发作，所以它是解毒清热的上等药物。如果病患体质虚寒，不要服用。
山豆根，是治疗咽喉肿痛的要药，同时能解各种毒素，消除疮肿，解痘毒，治疗五种急黄症以及各种虫蛊毒。
主治（痘疹合参）：善于解除痘毒并止痛，消除一切疮肿，特别是痘疮后期出现的咽喉肿痛更为适宜。如果饮食减少、腹泻，或者是虚火上炎导致的咽喉肿痛，则禁止服用。
禀受天地间的阴毒之气而生，所以味道是苦辛的，大寒，有小毒。苦寒所以性质善于向下行走，进入肾经和肝经；辛味则横向走散，无处不到，所以主要用于驱逐蛊毒、治疗十二种水气病、堕胎破血。然而，由于它阴寒且善于走泄下行，泻肺气、损真气的特性使得体虚之人切忌使用。
大戟，凡是入药，只采集正根，如果误用了旁附的根茎煎煮，会导致难以控制的冷性腹泻。它与甘草、海藻、芫花相反，常与甘遂同用，用来利小便、消除水肿腹满隐痛，去除中风引起的皮肤燥痛，驱逐蛊毒，破除癥瘕坚积，通月经，堕胎。此外，还有一种名为泽漆的植物，也能治疗浮肿、利水。总之，它们都禀受了阴毒之气，善于行走和泄下，会损耗人的真气。
主治（痘疹合参）：通行十二种水气，攻伐肾邪。只有当痘疮颜色黑陷归并于肾经，出现大小便不通、腹胀烦躁的情况时，才适宜使用此药。通过泻除膀胱的邪气，非此药不可，但不能妄加使用。使用时应去掉芦头，用淘米水浸泡清洗，晒干后使用。
Born from the Qi of Yin Metal, its taste is pungent, bitter, and extremely cold, with no toxicity. Its Qi is light while its Flavor is heavy, representing Yang within Yin. It is the principal herb for the Hand-Taiyin Lung Meridian, and also enters the Hand-Yangming Large Intestine Meridian and Foot-Taiyin Bladder Meridian. Pungency can disperse, bitterness can purge. Being extremely cold, it impedes Yin and descends to drive out water and resolve accumulations. It is an herb that purges but does not tonify; those with deficiency should generally avoid it.
Tinglizi (Descurainiae Semen Lepidii Semens), promotes Qi movement and drainage, reduces edema, phlegm-wheezing, and coughs, and clears residual heat in the Bladder. It is a crucial herb for descending rebellious Qi and promoting the free flow of water passages in cases of swelling, obstruction, upward rushing of Qi, and dyspnea due to fluid retention. Those with deficiency should stay away from it, as its nature is very urgent and good at driving out water, which severely disturbs True Qi.
Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Measles): Suitable only when rashes are accompanied by incessant phlegm and cough. Select the sweet variety; its purging nature is mild, so although it purges Lung Qi, it does not injure Stomach Qi. Wash clean with wine, dry in the sun, lightly stir-fry on paper, grind into powder for use in pills. Not suitable for smallpox.
Born from the central Qi of Earth and influenced by the cold command of winter, its taste is sweet and bitter, with no toxicity. Sweetness can transform toxins, and coldness can eliminate heat. Generally, all toxins must be hot and pungent; upon encountering clear, cold, sweet, and bitter flavors, various toxins naturally dissolve. Just as a person of great virtue contends with nothing, even Yin-toxic harms will not arise when meeting it. Thus, it is a superior herb for detoxification and clearing heat. Patients with deficiency-cold should not take it.
Shandougen (Sophorae Tonkinensis Radix et Rhizoma), a key herb for treating sore throat and swelling, also resolves various toxins, reduces carbuncle swellings, relieves smallpox toxin, treats five types of acute jaundice, and various insect and gu poisons.
Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Measles): Excellent at resolving smallpox toxin and relieving pain, reducing all kinds of carbuncle swellings, especially suitable for sore throat and swelling occurring after smallpox. Contraindicated if there is poor appetite, diarrhea, or sore throat and swelling caused by deficient fire flaming upward.
Born from the Yin-toxic Qi of Heaven and Earth, its taste is bitter and pungent, extremely cold, with slight toxicity. Bitter and cold nature makes it descend well, entering the Kidney and Liver meridians; pungency moves horizontally, reaching everywhere. Thus, it mainly drives out gu poison, treats twelve types of water diseases, induces abortion, and breaks blood stasis. However, being Yin-cold and good at moving and draining downward, it purges Lung Qi and damages True Qi, so those with deficiency must strictly avoid it.
Daji (Euphorbiae Pekinensis Radix), when used medicinally, only the main root should be harvested; using lateral roots by mistake causes uncontrollable cold diarrhea. It is incompatible with Gancao (Licorice Root), Haizao (Sargassum), and Yuanhua (Kadsura Flower). Often used together with Gansui (Kansui Root) to promote urination, reduce edema and abdominal fullness with dull pain, remove skin dryness and pain from wind-stroke,驱赶 gu poison, break hard masses, regulate menstruation, induce abortion. Another herb named Zeqi (Phyllanthus urinaria) also treats edema and promotes diuresis. In summary, they all inherit Yin-toxic Qi, are good at moving and draining, and damage True Qi.
Indications (Integration of Smallpox and Measles): Circulates through the twelve water pathways, attacks Kidney pathogens. Only suitable when smallpox lesions turn black and sink into the Kidney meridian, accompanied by obstruction of urination and defecation, abdominal distension, and irritability. By purging pathogens from the Bladder, this herb is indispensable, but must not be used recklessly. Remove the rhizome, soak in rice washing water, dry in the sun, and use.