同邑张梦庐学博千里，医名隆赫。道光间，应闽浙总督无锡孙文靖公之聘，至闽时，公
患水
胀已剧，犹笃信草泽医，服攻水之药，自谓可痊。张乃详论病情，反复数千言，劝其止药。
私谓其僚属曰∶元气已竭，难延至旬日矣。越七日果卒。其论大略云∶专科以草药为醴，峻
剂逐水，或从两足滂溢，或从大肠直泻，所用之药，虽秘不肯泄 ，然投剂少而见效速，其猛
利可知。夫用药犹用兵，攻守之法，参伍错综，必主于有利而无弊，从未有病经两年，发已
数次，不辨病之浅深，体之虚实，只以峻下一法，为可屡投而屡效者。盖此症之起，初因饮
啖兼人，胃强脾弱，继则忧劳过度，气竭肝伤，流之壅，由乎源之塞，若再守饮食之厉禁，
进暴突之劫剂，不帝剿寇用兵而无节制，则兵反为寇；济师无饷而专驱迫，则民尽为仇。公
何忍以千金之躯 ，轻供孤注之掷耶？彼草泽无知，守一己之师传，图侥幸于万一，以治藜藿
劳形之法，概施诸君民倚赖之身，效则国之福，不效则虽食其肉，犹可追乎？此余之所痛心
疾首，而进停药之说也。语殊切直，特录之以告世之溺惑于庸医者。张有谒孙宫保句云∶身
思报国仔肩重，病为忧民措手难。见所刊《闽游草》中。
（炳章）按∶梦庐医号千里，桐乡人，家居后珠村，少工诗文，长精医术，就诊之舟，日
所百计，不事置产，聚书万卷，着有医案多种传世。
同乡人张梦庐，字千里，是一位学识渊博的博士，在医学界享有极高的声誉。道光年间，他应闽浙总督、无锡人孙文靖公（孙尔准）的聘请前往福建。当时孙总督患有严重的水胀病（腹部积水），但仍深信民间草医，服用攻逐水湿的药物，自认为可以痊愈。张梦庐于是详细论述病情，反复陈述数千言，劝他停止服药。他私下对孙总督的僚属说：“元气已经枯竭，恐怕难以维持到十天了。”过了七天，孙总督果然去世。他的论述大致如下：专科医生把草药当作甜酒一样随意使用，用猛烈的药剂来驱逐水湿，有的从两腿渗出，有的从大肠直接泻下。所用的药物虽然保密不肯泄露，但投药量少而见效快，其猛烈厉害的程度可想而知。用药如同用兵，进攻和防守的方法，错综复杂，必须以有利而无弊为原则。从来没有见过疾病经过两年，发作已多次，不辨别病的浅深、体质的虚实，只以峻下这一种方法，认为可以屡次投用且屡次见效的。大概这个病症的发生，起初是因为饮食过量，胃强脾弱；接着因为忧劳过度，导致气竭肝伤。水流壅滞，是因为源头堵塞。如果再坚守饮食的严厉禁忌，进服暴烈突进的劫夺之剂，这无异于剿灭寇贼时用兵而没有节制，那么士兵反而会成为寇贼；增援军队没有粮饷而专门驱策逼迫，那么百姓都会成为仇敌。您怎么忍心拿千金之躯，轻易地孤注一掷呢？那些民间无知医生，固守个人的师传，企图在万一之中侥幸成功，用治疗平民百姓劳累形体的方法，一概施加在君主和民众倚赖的人身上，如果有效则是国家的福气，如果无效，即使吃掉他们的肉，还能追悔吗？这是我痛心疾首，从而提出停药说法的原因。话语非常恳切直率，特意记录下来以告诫世上那些沉溺迷惑于庸医的人。张梦庐有拜谒孙宫保的诗句说：“身思报国仔肩重，病为忧民措手难。”见于他所刊印的《闽游草》中。
（炳章）按语：张梦庐医生的号是千里，他是桐乡人，家住后珠村。年轻时擅长诗文，长大后精通医术，就诊的患者船只每天多达数百艘，他不从事置办产业，而是聚集书籍万卷，著有多种医案传世。
A fellow townsman, Zhang Menglu, courtesy name Qianli, was a learned scholar and enjoyed a prominent reputation in medicine. During the Daoguang reign period, he accepted an invitation from Sun Erzhun (posthumous title: Wenzheng), the Viceroy of Minzhe (Fujian and Zhejiang provinces) from Wuxi, to travel to Fujian. At that time, the Viceroy suffered from severe Shuizhang (ascites/abdominal edema) but still firmly trusted folk practitioners, taking drugs to purge water retention, believing himself capable of recovery. Zhang then elaborated on the condition at length, repeating his arguments for thousands of words, and advised him to stop medication. Privately, he told the Viceroy’s subordinates: "The Yuanqi (vital energy) is exhausted; it will be difficult to survive more than ten days." Seven days later, the Viceroy indeed passed away. His argument was roughly as follows: Specialist doctors treat herbal medicines as if they were sweet wine, using harsh agents to drive out water. The effects may manifest as fluid oozing from both legs or direct purging through the large intestine. Although the specific herbs used are kept secret, the fact that small doses yield rapid results reveals their extreme potency. Using medicine is like deploying troops; the methods of attack and defense are intricate and complex, and must always aim for benefit without harm. It has never been the case that a disease lasting two years with multiple recurrences can be treated solely by harsh purgation, repeatedly administered with repeated success, without distinguishing the depth of the disease or the deficiency/excess status of the constitution. Generally, this illness originates initially from excessive eating and drinking, where Stomach strength exceeds Spleen weakness; subsequently, due to excessive worry and labor, Qi exhaustion and Liver injury occur. Water flow stagnates because its source is blocked. If one strictly adheres to severe dietary restrictions while administering violent, abrupt, and robbing agents, it is akin to suppressing rebels with uncontrolled military force, causing soldiers to turn into bandits; or reinforcing an army without provisions yet forcing them to advance, turning the populace into enemies. How could you bear to risk your precious body (worth a thousand gold) in such a desperate gamble? Those ignorant folk practitioners, sticking to their personal lineage teachings, seek luck in a million-to-one chance. They apply treatments suitable for commoners suffering from physical labor indiscriminately to a person relied upon by the state and people. If effective, it is a blessing to the nation; if ineffective, even consuming their flesh would not suffice for retribution. This is why I am heartbroken and propose stopping the medication. The words are particularly earnest and straightforward; I record them here to warn those in the world who are deluded by quack doctors. Zhang had a poem written when visiting Governor-General Sun: "Thinking of serving the country, the burden on my shoulders is heavy; Illness makes it difficult to handle matters for the worried people." This appears in his published work, *Min You Cao* (Poems from Travel in Fujian).
(Bingzhang) Note: Doctor Menglu’s pseudonym was Qianli. He was from Tongxiang, residing in Houzhu Village. In his youth, he excelled in poetry and prose; in adulthood, he mastered medical arts. Patients arriving by boat numbered hundreds daily. He did not engage in accumulating property but instead collected ten thousand volumes of books. He authored several collections of medical cases that have been passed down.