陆丽京《医林新论》谓人之游于暑月而清明在躬者，恃有无气以胜之。世俗夏月辄服香
薷饮
，不知香薷性味辛温，走散真气，浓朴气力辛猛，摧陷元阳，招暑引邪，无过于此。更有服
六一散者，不知甘草性虽和平，而向有中满喘胀，及胸多积滞者，亦不宜概用，滑石利窍，
表虚者服之则卫气不固，遗滑者投之则精关不守，此又不可不审也。孙真人以为虚弱之人，
暑月当服生脉散。又云∶夏月常服五味子，以补五脏之气。余则以为寻常汤饮，须用乌梅砂
糖汤，寻常水饮，须用梅浆水，此既补元，又能消暑，况兼爽口，贫者可以通行。又见有夏
月施茶茗者，其性寒凉消克，暑月之人，元气已自摧残，而劳伤因惫，正藉资扶，乃更饮茶
茗，重虚其虚，冷冻饮料则腹痛泄泻，热饮则散表出汗，胃气一虚，不觉暑气透入，忽而长途昏
倒，痧闷丛来，变生俄顷，皆此地之为，而人未之知也。此后有施汤饮者，热汤宜调入砂糖
少许，冷水宜调入梅浆少许，如有梅浆，亦可入砂糖少许，收敛真气，大助元神。既饮之
后，两目神明顿爽，两足精力涌出，饥即暂饱，渴亦生津，此可验也。不则宁用白滚汤或白
水。丹溪云∶淡食能多补。况太羹元酒，以无味为至味，故当知其利益耳。吾愿世之为善人
长者之行者，其亟改而传广之。余谓香薷饮决不可服，六一散若于暑路远涉之后，胸痞恶食
，饮之以解暑气，往往获验，特非常服之品，砂糖、梅浆，诚远胜于茶茗，然既受暑气之后
，服之病必增剧，以此施舍，安得遍执途人而问之？窃谓养生家之服食，当效其法，若欲施
之行路，转不如白滚汤之有利无弊。按∶章杏云《饮食辨》云∶暑月力作及注夏之人，常饮
糯米汤（秫米亦妙。）代茶，能保肺气，固卫阳。此却人人可用，胜于砂糖、梅浆也。
方书有云∶暑月中热卒死，姜汤、童便乘热皆可灌之，切勿饮以冷水，及令卧冷地，即
至不
救。今按暑症忌姜，尝有中暑而患干霍乱者，饮姜汤一盏即毙。治中热卒死，古方蒜泥井水
法最良，吾里孔雅六学博（宪采），言尝于酷暑中见一老妪倒地，口眼尽闭，鼻无气息，急令
人以蒜头二颗研烂，取路上热土，（日晒处净土是也，污泥不可用），新汲井水一碗调匀，以
箸启其齿灌之，五匕匙后，始受而作呕，灌尽大吐有声息，手足亦渐舒动，至黄昏后方苏，
自云烈日中行十余里，心烦口燥，啖麦饼晕闷而绝，不自知也。投以此方，暑食俱得吐去，
而人及苏。后屡治中暑者均效。
陆丽京在《医林新论》中认为，人在暑月外出却能保持神志清明、身体安适的，是依靠体内无气（此处指正气充足或某种特定体质状态）来抵御暑邪。世俗之人一到夏天就服用香薷饮，却不知道香薷的性味是辛温的，会耗散人体的真气；厚朴的药力辛猛，会摧毁元阳，招致暑邪入侵，没有比这更严重的了。更有服用六一散的人，不知道甘草虽然性味平和，但对于原本就有中焦胀满、气喘腹胀，以及胸膈多有积滞的人来说，也不宜一概使用；滑石能通利窍道，表虚（卫外功能薄弱）的人服用它会导致卫气不固，遗精滑泄的人服用它会导致精关不守，这些情况又不可不仔细审察。
孙思邈认为虚弱的人，在暑月应当服用生脉散。他又说：夏天常服五味子，可以补益五脏之气。我却认为，日常的汤饮，应该用乌梅砂糖汤；日常的水饮，应该用梅浆水。这样既能补益元气，又能消暑，况且味道爽口，贫穷的人也可以普遍饮用。我又见到有人在夏天施舍茶茗，茶性寒凉且消克阳气，暑天的人元气已经受损，加上劳累受伤而疲惫，正需要资助扶持，却反而饮茶茗，使虚弱者更加虚弱。冷冻饮料会导致腹痛泄泻，热饮则会使体表毛孔张开出汗，胃气一旦虚弱，不知不觉间暑气就会透入体内，忽然在长途跋涉中昏倒，痧闷等症状丛生，变化发生在顷刻之间，这都是因为饮食不当造成的，而人们并不知晓。
此后如果有施舍汤饮的人，热汤适宜调入少许砂糖，冷水适宜调入少许梅浆，如果有梅浆，也可以加入少许砂糖，这样可以收敛真气，大助元神。喝完之后，两眼的神采顿时清爽，两足的精力涌出，饿了暂时觉得饱足，渴了也能生津，这是可以验证的。如果不这样做，宁可喝白开水或白水。朱丹溪说：清淡饮食能起到大补作用。何况太羹（古代的一种肉汁，不加调料）和元酒（未过滤的酒，味淡），以无味为至味，所以应当知道其中的益处。我希望世间做善事的长者，赶快改变这种做法并广泛传播。我认为香薷饮绝对不可服用，六一散如果在暑天远行之后，出现胸闷痞塞、厌恶进食的情况，饮用它可以解除暑气，往往能获得疗效，但它不是经常服用的药品。砂糖、梅浆确实远胜于茶茗，然而既然已经受了暑气，再服用它们病情必定加重，以此种方式施舍，怎么能挨个询问路上的行人是否适合呢？我私下认为养生家服药食的方法，可以参考其法度，但如果想在路上施舍，还不如白开水有利无害。
按语：章杏云在《饮食辨》中说：暑天从事体力劳动及患“注夏”（夏季倦怠嗜卧症）的人，常饮糯米汤（秫米也很好）代替茶，能保护肺气，巩固卫阳。这却是人人都可使用的，胜过砂糖、梅浆。
医书上有说：暑月中热卒死（因中暑突然死亡），姜汤、童便（儿童的小便）趁热都可以灌服，千万不要饮用冷水，也不要让患者躺在冷地上，否则就会导致无法救治。如今考察暑症忌用姜，我曾遇到中暑而患干霍乱（一种以剧烈腹痛、欲吐不得吐、欲泻不得泻为特征的急症）的人，喝了一盏姜汤立即死亡。治疗中热卒死，古方中的蒜泥井水法最好。我的同乡孔雅六学博（名宪采），曾说曾在酷暑中看到一位老妇人倒地，口眼紧闭，鼻息全无，急忙让人取两颗蒜头研烂，取路上的热土（日晒处的净土，污泥不可用），加一碗新打的井水调匀，用筷子撬开她的牙齿灌进去，灌了五匙后，才开始受药并呕吐，灌完后大声吐出，有了气息，手脚也逐渐舒展活动，直到黄昏后才苏醒，自己说是烈日下走了十几里路，心烦口燥，吃了麦饼后晕闷而绝，自己并不知情。投以此方，暑邪和食物都得以吐出，人也就苏醒了。后来多次治疗中暑者均有效。
Lu Lijing, in *Yilin Xinlun* (New Theories of the Medical Forest), stated that those who wander during the hot summer months yet maintain clarity of mind and physical comfort rely on "Wuqi" (a state where qi is unimpeded or robust) to overcome the pathogen. The common people often take Xiangru Yin (Elsholtzia Decoction) in summer, unaware that Xiangru (Moslae Herba) has a pungent and warm nature, which scatters true qi; Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) has a fierce pungent power that destroys primordial yang, inviting summerheat and pathogens, with no greater harm than this. Furthermore, some take Liuyi San (Six-Ingredient Powder with Talcum), not knowing that although Gancao (Licorice Root) is mild and harmonious, it is unsuitable for those who already have middle-jiao fullness, wheezing, and distension, or excessive stagnation in the chest; Huashi (Talcum) opens orifices, but for those with exterior deficiency (weak defensive qi), taking it leads to insecure defensive qi, and for those with spermatorrhea or seminal emission, it causes loss of control over the essence gate. These situations must be carefully examined.
Sun Simiao believed that weak individuals should take Shengmai San (Generate the Pulse Powder) during the summer. He also said: Taking Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) regularly in summer can tonify the qi of the five zang organs. I, however, believe that for daily soups and drinks, one should use Wumei Bantang (Smoked Plum and Rock Sugar Soup); for daily water, one should use Meijiang Shui (Plum Juice Water). This both tonifies primordial qi and clears summerheat, and moreover, it is refreshing, making it accessible even to the poor. I have also seen people offering tea leaves in summer. Tea has a cold and cooling nature that consumes and attacks yang qi. People in summer already have damaged primordial qi, and due to labor and injury, they are exhausted and in need of support; instead, drinking tea further depletes the deficient, causing cold frozen beverages to lead to abdominal pain and diarrhea, while hot drinks cause sweating by opening the exterior. Once stomach qi becomes deficient, summerheat penetrates unnoticed, leading to sudden fainting during long journeys, with sha-men (summerheat obstruction) symptoms arising suddenly, changes occurring in an instant. All these result from improper dietary choices, yet people are unaware.
For future charitable offerings of drinks, hot soup should be mixed with a little rock sugar, and cold water with a little plum juice. If plum juice is available, a little rock sugar can also be added. This converges true qi and greatly assists primordial spirit. After drinking, the eyes become bright and clear, energy surges in the legs, hunger is temporarily alleviated, and thirst generates fluids. This is verifiable. Otherwise, it is better to use plain boiled water or clean water. Zhu Danxi said: Light diet can provide great nourishment. Indeed, Tai Geng (ancient unseasoned meat broth) and Yuan Jiu (unfiltered wine) consider flavorlessness as the ultimate flavor, so one should understand its benefits. I hope benevolent elders will quickly change this practice and spread it widely. I assert that Xiangru Yin must absolutely not be taken. Liuyi San may be effective after traveling far in summer heat if there is chest stuffiness and aversion to food, to resolve summerheat, but it is not a regular tonic. Rock sugar and plum juice are indeed superior to tea, but once summerheat has entered, taking them will likely worsen the condition. How can one ask every passerby when distributing such remedies? I privately suggest that while health-preservers can adopt their methods for personal consumption, for public distribution, plain boiled water is more beneficial and less harmful.
Note: Zhang Xingyun in *Yinshi Bian* (Differentiation of Diet and Drink) stated: Those engaged in hard labor or suffering from "Zhu Xia" (Summer Exhaustion/Lethargy) in summer should frequently drink Nuomi Tang (Glutinous Rice Soup; Shumi [Sorghum] is also good) instead of tea, which protects lung qi and consolidates defensive yang. This is suitable for everyone and superior to rock sugar and plum juice.
Medical texts state: For sudden death due to summerheat stroke, Jiang Tang (Ginger Decoction) and Tongbian (Child's Urine) can be administered while hot. One must absolutely avoid drinking cold water or lying on cold ground, lest it become incurable. However, examining summerheat patterns, ginger is contraindicated. I once encountered a patient with summerheat who developed Gan Huoluan (Dry Huoluan - a condition characterized by severe abdominal pain, inability to vomit or defecate). After drinking one cup of ginger decoction, he died immediately. For treating sudden death from internal heat/summerheat, the ancient formula of Garlic Paste and Well Water is best. My fellow townsman Kong Yaliu, a learned scholar (Kong Xiancai), recounted seeing an old woman collapse in intense heat, with eyes and mouth closed and no breath. He urgently had two garlic cloves crushed, mixed with hot earth from the road (pure soil from sun-dried areas, not mud), and a bowl of fresh well water. Using chopsticks to pry open her teeth, he administered the mixture. After five spoonfuls, she began to accept the medicine and vomit. After finishing the dose, she vomited loudly, regained breath, and her limbs gradually moved. She revived at dusk, stating she had walked over ten miles in the scorching sun, felt vexed and dry-mouthed, ate wheat cakes, fainted, and lost consciousness without realizing it. The administration of this formula expelled both summerheat and food, and she recovered. Subsequent treatments of summerheat patients with this method were all effective.