肌衄即《内经》之血汗，古无验方，近人方案有极验者，录以备用。毛达可《便易经验集》
云∶一人左臂毛窍如针孔，骤溅出血，积有一面盆许；昼夜常流，面白无气，余用炒山甲片
研细粉，掩之以帕，扎住，即止，随服补血汤数剂而愈。后治一老农肾囊上有一针孔流血，
盈至脚盆，诸药不效，自谓必死，余投以前法，立时痊愈。真神方也。顾晓澜《吴门治验录
》云∶余同事杨君，脑后发际忽出血不止。众皆骇然，余知其为肌衄也，令用一味黄芩，渍
水涂之立愈，后竟未发。又见有胸前背心两证，亦以前法治之立效。此方余友范董书所传治
鼻梁血出者，移治他处亦效，而《准绳》未见及此，可见着书之难也。
许辛木部曹之室人，自幼患鼻衄，于归后，无岁不发，甚者耳目口鼻俱溢出，至淡黄色始止
，凡外治内治之法，无不历试。每发必先额上发热，鼻中气亦甚热。近二十年来，每觉鼻热
，辛木以喻嘉言清燥救肺汤投之，二三剂后，即觉鼻中热退不衄，或投之少迟，亦不过略见
微红，盖此方量清肺胃之热，惟人参改用西洋参，或加鲜生地，势已定，则用干生地。喻氏
此方自言不用一苦药，恐苦从火化也，此制方妙处，医者不可妄加也。
方书皆谓自汗属阳虚，盗汗属阴虚。余按∶何西池《医碥》云∶伤寒始无汗，后传阳明即自
汗，岂前则表实，后则表虚乎？又云∶人寤则气行于阴，寐则气行于阴。若其人表阳虚者，
遇寐而气行于里之时，则表更失所护而益疏，即使内火不盛，而阳气团聚于里，与其微火相
触发，亦必汗出。是则自汗不第属阳虚，盗汗不第属阴虚矣。
肌衄（皮肤出血点）即《黄帝内经》中所述的“血汗”，古代没有有效的验方，近代医家的方案中有极其灵验的，记录下来以备参考。毛达可在《便易经验集》中说：有一人左臂毛孔像针孔一样，突然溅出血液，积存了一面盆那么多；昼夜不停地流，面色苍白且气息微弱，我用炒制的穿山甲片研成细粉，用帕子覆盖并包扎固定，血立刻停止，随后服用补血汤几剂而痊愈。后来治疗一位老农，其阴囊上方有一个针孔状伤口流血，流满至脚盆，各种药物都无效，自认为必死无疑，我采用之前的方法，立即痊愈。真是神效的方子。顾晓澜在《吴门治验录》中说：我的同事杨先生，脑后发际处突然出血不止。众人都感到惊骇，我知道这是肌衄，让他只用一味黄芩，浸泡在水中涂抹患处，立刻痊愈，后来竟然没有再复发。我又见到有胸前和背心两处出现类似症状，也用同样的方法治疗，立刻见效。这个方子是我朋友范董书所传授的治疗鼻梁出血的方法，移用于治疗其他部位也有效，但《医宗必读》等书中未见提及，可见著书的困难。
许辛木部曹的妻子，自幼患有鼻衄（鼻出血），出嫁后，每年都要发作，严重的甚至耳朵、眼睛、嘴巴、鼻子都溢出血液，直到流出淡黄色的液体才停止，凡是外治和内治的方法，无不尝试过。每次发作前必定额头发热，鼻孔中呼出的气也非常热。近二十年来，每当感觉鼻热，许辛木就用喻嘉言的清燥救肺汤投予她，两到三剂后，就感觉鼻中热气消退不再出血，如果投药稍晚一点，也不过只是略微见红，大概是因为这个方子能清泄肺胃的热邪，只是将人参改为西洋参，或者加入鲜地黄，病势已定，则使用干地黄。喻氏在这个方子中自己说不用任何苦寒药，恐怕苦味会随火化燥，这是制方的妙处，医生不可随意添加。
医书都说自汗属于阳虚，盗汗属于阴虚。我考察发现：何西池在《医碥》中说：伤寒病开始时无汗，后来传入阳明经就会出现自汗，难道之前是表实，之后变成表虚吗？又说：人醒着时气行于阴分，睡觉时气行于阴分（注：此处原文可能有误或特指卫气入里，通常理解为卫气昼行于阳，夜行于阴，若表阳虚，卫气入里则体表失护）。如果一个人表阳虚弱，遇到睡觉时气行于体内的时刻，那么体表就更失去保护而更加疏松，即使体内火气不盛，阳气团聚在体内，与其微弱的火气相互触发，也一定会出汗。因此，自汗不仅仅属于阳虚，盗汗也不仅仅属于阴虚。
Jinu (skin bleeding spots) is the "blood sweat" mentioned in the *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon). There were no effective empirical prescriptions in ancient times, but recent medical cases have extremely effective ones. I record them for future reference. Mao Daké stated in *Bianyi Jingyan Ji* (Collection of Convenient and Empirical Experiences): A patient had pores on his left arm resembling needle holes, suddenly splashing blood, accumulating to the size of a washbasin; it flowed day and night continuously. His complexion was pale and he lacked qi energy. I used finely ground powder of stir-fried Pangolin Scales (Chao Shanjia Pian), covered it with a cloth, and tied it tightly, which stopped the bleeding immediately. He then took several doses of Buxue Tang (Blood-Nourishing Decoction) and recovered. Later, I treated an old farmer who had a needle-hole-like wound above his scrotum bleeding until it filled a foot basin. Various medicines were ineffective, and he believed he would surely die. I applied the previous method, and he recovered instantly. It is truly a miraculous prescription. Gu Xiaolan stated in *Wumen Zhiyan Lu* (Records of Medical Cases in Wu Men): My colleague, Mr. Yang, suddenly experienced unceasing bleeding from the hairline at the back of his head. Everyone was horrified. I knew this was Jinu and instructed him to use only Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 黄芩), soaked in water and applied topically, which cured him immediately, and it never recurred. I also saw two cases involving the chest and back, which were also effectively treated with the same method. This prescription was transmitted by my friend Fan Dongshu for treating nasal bleeding from the bridge of the nose; applying it to other areas was also effective, yet it was not mentioned in texts like *Zhunseng*, demonstrating the difficulty of writing books.
The wife of Bucao Xu Xinmu suffered from Bini (nosebleed) since childhood. After marriage, it recurred every year. In severe cases, blood overflowed from her ears, eyes, mouth, and nose, stopping only when pale yellow fluid appeared. She had tried all external and internal treatments without success. Before each episode, her forehead would feel hot, and the breath from her nose was very hot. For nearly twenty years, whenever she felt heat in her nose, Xu Xinmu administered Qingzao Jiufei Tang (Clearing Dryness and Saving the Lung Decoction) by Yu Jiayan. After two or three doses, she felt the heat in her nose subside and the bleeding stop. If the medication was delayed slightly, there was only slight redness. This is because this formula clears heat from the Lung and Stomach. Specifically, Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 人参) was replaced with Xiyangshen (American Ginseng Radix, 西洋参), or fresh Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens, 鲜生地) was added. When the condition stabilized, Gan Dihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 干生地) was used. Yu himself stated that this formula does not use any bitter-cold herbs, fearing that bitterness might transform into fire and dryness. This is the subtlety of formulating prescriptions, and physicians should not arbitrarily add ingredients.
Medical texts generally state that spontaneous sweating (Zihan) belongs to Yang deficiency, and night sweating (Daohan) belongs to Yin deficiency. I examined this: He Xichi stated in *Yi Que*: In Shaoyang disease, initially there is no sweat, but after transmitting to the Yangming stage, spontaneous sweating occurs. Does this mean the exterior was excess initially and deficiency later? He further stated: When awake, Qi circulates in the Yin aspect; when asleep, Qi circulates in the Yin aspect (Note: Context implies Wei Qi entering interior). If a person has deficient Exterior Yang, during sleep when Qi moves inward, the exterior loses protection and becomes even more loose. Even if internal fire is not strong, the Yang Qi gathering inside may trigger its weak fire, causing sweating. Thus, spontaneous sweating is not solely due to Yang deficiency, nor is night sweating solely due to Yin deficiency.