暑热发于季夏。此其常也。亦有伏藏日久。留于少阳胸胁部分。以致微寒
微热。恶心自汗。小便短少。脉来沉弦细数。即其候也。宜用香茹六君子汤。若脉不甚虚者。去参术名香茹二陈汤。
立夏之后。四肢酸软。困倦喜卧。饮食少进。名为注夏。秋冬则精神如故。说者皆云脾虚。合用资生丸。
补中益气汤矣。但脉沉细缓脾肺无热者。可用此药补之。若脉来沉细又带微数。往往不受参术。其奈之何。
试看脾胃论中。脾偏于阳。无阴以济之。亦不能化物。故湿热之气乘于四肢。令人筋痿无力。宜用养血健脾汤。
则注夏之脾虚有热者。亦当仿此施治矣。其中多用酸收方为合法。夏月元气浮散在表。又以汗而大泄。不加
酸收。则浮散者不止。孙真人云。暑月多服五味。令人气力涌出。厥有旨哉。（脾受湿热熏蒸故四肢倦怠乏力用
酸收以敛浮越之阴然必审无外邪方可用之）
香茹散暑汤
香茹 浓朴 甘草 藿香 柴胡 陈皮 杏仁 半夏
香茹原利小便。何以又能发散。以其味辛而淡。辛者先走表分。后者乃入膀胱。所以又能散暑也。佐以藿香柴胡走
表更速。暑邪在经。必有痰滞留结。故用杏朴半夏。但脉缓无热者宜之。有热者勿服。（阐明立方之旨洞若观火）
柴胡化滞汤 方见食门。
浓朴温中汤
浓朴 杏仁 半夏 枳壳 桔梗 炮姜 甘草 藿香 香茹 陈皮
此方易晓。
辰砂六一散
辰砂（研细水飞五钱） 滑石（磨碎水飞六两） 粉草（煎膏拌晒一两）
六一散有辰砂。能引甘滑之凉。先入心经。使热与湿俱解。无朱砂者。但能
利湿。不能解热。以其无向导之兵也。（按此方旨用药之理固已开发尚有未尽者如其人肝阳素旺外袭暑风必加青黛以清之
抑肝
清肺少加薄荷之辛辛能散凉能清故前人有碧玉鸡苏之名而曲尽其妙用也）
柴胡芍药汤
柴胡 黄芩 花粉 甘草 麦冬 白芍 知母 黄连
竹叶石膏汤
黄连解毒汤 俱见火门。
连芍调中汤
枳壳 浓朴 山楂 泽泻 陈皮 桔梗 白芍 黄芩 黄连 甘草
此方因其胸中不宽。又兼中热。故用此方。若有热无食。宜用柴胡芍药汤。
暑月发厥。阴厥者多。阳厥者少。身不热。脉不数者。不可浪投。
香茹六君子汤
人参 白术 白茯 甘草 陈皮 半夏 香茹 山栀 黄连 赤芍
此方用六君子以祛痰益脾肺。使正气旺则客邪易逐矣。值时当炎暑。热蒸于外。湿蕴于中。故用栀连以清里。茹芍
以解表和荣。惟脉洪数。尤宜慎审。未可浪投。（按此亦扶正逐邪之法）
暑热之邪发于夏末秋初（季夏）。这是其常态。也有暑邪潜伏体内日久，停留于少阳经的胸胁部位，导致轻微恶寒、轻微发热、恶心、自汗、小便短少、脉象沉弦细数，这就是它的证候表现。适宜使用香茹六君子汤。如果脉象不是很虚弱的，去掉人参和白术，称为香茹二陈汤。
立夏之后，四肢酸软无力，困倦嗜卧，饮食减少，这被称为“注夏”（夏季倦怠综合征）。到了秋冬季节，精神则恢复如常。评论者都说这是脾虚，应当合用资生丸和补中益气汤。但是，如果脉象沉细而缓，且脾肺没有热象的，可以使用这些药物进行补益。如果脉象沉细又带有微数（快），往往不能耐受人参和白术，对此该怎么办呢？试看《脾胃论》中提到，脾偏重于阳气，如果没有阴液来济助它，也不能运化水谷。因此湿热之气侵袭四肢，导致筋脉痿弱无力。适宜使用养血健脾汤。那么对于注夏病中脾虚有热的情况，也应当仿照此法进行治疗。其中多用酸味收敛的药物才是合法的治法。夏季元气浮散在体表，又因出汗而大量流失，如果不加酸味收敛，浮散的元气就无法止住。孙思邈说，暑月多服用五味子，能让人气力涌现出来，这确实很有深意。（脾受湿热熏蒸故四肢倦怠乏力用酸收以敛浮越之阴然必审无外邪方可用之）
香茹散暑汤
香茹 浓朴 甘草 藿香 柴胡 陈皮 杏仁 半夏
香茹原本有利小便的作用，为什么又能发散？因为它的味道辛而淡。辛味的药先走表分，淡味的药乃入膀胱，所以又能散发暑邪。佐以藿香、柴胡，走表的速度更快。暑邪在经络，必有痰湿滞留结聚，所以用杏仁、浓朴、半夏。但脉缓而无热的才适宜服用，有热的不要服用。（阐明立方之旨洞若观火）
柴胡化滞汤 方见食门。
浓朴温中汤
浓朴 杏仁 半夏 枳壳 桔梗 炮姜 甘草 藿香 香茹 陈皮
这个方子容易理解。
辰砂六一散
辰砂（研细水飞五钱） 滑石（磨碎水飞六两） 粉草（煎膏拌晒一两）
六一散加入辰砂，能引导甘滑性质的凉药，先入心经，使热与湿都得到解除。没有朱砂的，只能利湿，不能解热，因为它没有向导作用的药物。（按此方旨用药之理固已开发尚有未尽者如其人肝阳素旺外袭暑风必加青黛以清之抑肝清肺少加薄荷之辛辛能散凉能清故前人有碧玉鸡苏之名而曲尽其妙用也）
黄连解毒汤 俱见火门。
连芍调中汤
枳壳 浓朴 山楂 泽泻 陈皮 桔梗 白芍 黄芩 黄连 甘草
这个方子是因为患者胸中不宽畅，又兼有中焦热，所以使用此方。如果有热但没有积食，适宜使用柴胡芍药汤。
暑月发生厥逆，阴厥的多，阳厥的少。身体不热，脉不数的，不可随意投药。
香茹六君子汤
人参 白术 白茯 甘草 陈皮 半夏 香茹 山栀 黄连 赤芍
这个方子用六君子汤来祛除痰湿、补益脾肺，使正气旺盛则客邪容易被驱逐。正值炎暑之时，热气蒸腾于外，湿气蕴结于中，所以用栀子、黄连来清里热，用香茹、赤芍来解表和营卫。只有脉象洪大数急的，尤其应该谨慎审视，不可随意投药。（按此亦扶正逐邪之法）
Heat from summer-heat pathogenic factors emerges in the late summer. This is its normal pattern. However, there are cases where the pathogen has been latent for a long time, remaining in the chest and hypochondriac region of the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) meridian, resulting in slight chills, slight fever, nausea, spontaneous sweating, scanty urination, and a pulse that is deep, wiry, fine, and rapid; this constitutes its clinical presentation. The appropriate formula is Xiangru Liujunzi Tang (Perilla Leaf Six Gentlemen Decoction). If the pulse is not significantly deficient, remove Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), naming it Xiangru Erchen Tang (Perilla Leaf Two Aged Decoction).
After Lixia (Start of Summer), the limbs feel sore and weak, fatigue prevails with a desire to lie down, and food intake decreases; this condition is called Zhuxia (Summer Malaise). In autumn and winter, spirit and energy return to normal. Commentators generally attribute this to Spleen deficiency, recommending the combined use of Zisheng Wan (Nourishing Life Pill) and Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction). However, if the pulse is deep, fine, and slow, and there is no heat in the Spleen and Lung, these tonifying medicines may be used. But if the pulse is deep, fine, and slightly rapid, patients often cannot tolerate Renshen and Baizhu. What should be done? Consider the *Pi Wei Lun* (Treatise on the Spleen and Stomach): the Spleen tends toward Yang; without Yin fluids to nourish it, it cannot transform and transport nutrients. Thus, damp-heat qi invades the limbs, causing flaccidity and weakness of the sinews. It is appropriate to use Yangxue Jianpi Tang (Nourish Blood and Strengthen Spleen Decoction). Therefore, for cases of Zhuxia characterized by Spleen deficiency with heat, treatment should follow this principle. Formulas should predominantly employ sour-astringent herbs, which is the correct method. In summer, Yuanqi (Primal Qi) floats outward to the exterior, and further escapes through profuse sweating. Without sour astringents, the floating Qi will continue to dissipate. Sun Simiao stated that taking Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus) frequently during summer months causes a surge in vitality, which is indeed profound wisdom. (Spleen affected by damp-heat steaming causes limb fatigue; sour astringents gather floating Yin, but must be used only after confirming absence of external pathogens)
Xiangru San Shu Tang (Perilla Leaf Dispersing Summer-heat Decoction)
Xiangru (Perillae Folium) Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum)
Xiangru originally promotes urination; why can it also disperse? Because its flavor is pungent and bland. Pungent flavors first travel to the exterior level, while bland flavors enter the Bladder channel; thus, it can also disperse summer-heat. Assisted by Huoxiang and Chaihu, the action on the exterior is faster. When summer-heat pathogen resides in the meridians, phlegm-dampness inevitably stagnates and knots; therefore, Xingren, Nongpu, and Banxia are used. This is suitable only for those with a slow pulse and no heat; those with heat should not take it. (Clarifies the intent of the prescription clearly)
Chaihu Huazhi Tang (Bupleurum Resolving Stagnation Decoction) See Food Section.
Nongpu Wenzhong Tang (Magnolia Bark Warming the Middle Decoction)
Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) Paojiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) Huoxiang (Agastaches Herba) Xiangru (Perillae Folium) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium)
This formula is easy to understand.
Chensha Liuyi San (Cinnabar Six-to-One Powder)
Chensha (Cinnabaris, finely ground and washed with water, 5 qian) Huashi (Talcum, crushed and washed with water, 6 liang) Fencacao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, decocted into paste, mixed and sun-dried, 1 liang)
Liuyi San with Chensha can guide the sweet, slippery, and cooling properties to enter the Heart meridian first, resolving both heat and dampness. Without Cinnabar, it only promotes dampness elimination but cannot resolve heat, lacking guiding agents. (Note: While this explains the rationale, it is incomplete. For individuals with inherent Liver Yang hyperactivity and external summer-wind invasion, add Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) to clear the Liver and Lungs. Adding a small amount of Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba) provides pungency to disperse and coolness to clear, hence the historical names Biyu San (Jade Green Powder) and Jisu San (Chicken Su Powder), demonstrating subtle efficacy.)
Chaihu Shaoyao Tang (Bupleurum and Peony Decoction)
Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) Huafen (Puerariae Radix) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma)
Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction)
Huanglian Jiedu Tang (Coptis Decoction for Relieving Toxicity) See Fire Section.
Lianshou Tiaozhong Tang (Coptis and Peony Regulating the Middle Decoction)
Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) Nongpu (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) Shanzha (Crataegi Fructus) Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma)
This formula is used because the patient experiences chest fullness and middle-jiao heat. If there is heat but no food stagnation, Chaihu Shaoyao Tang is appropriate.
In summer months, Jue Ni (Reversal Cold/Colliquation) occurs; Yin Jue is common, while Yang Jue is rare. If the body is not hot and the pulse is not rapid, do not administer medication recklessly.
Xiangru Liujunzi Tang (Perilla Leaf Six Gentlemen Decoction)
Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) Bai Fu (Poria) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma Preparatum) Xiangru (Perillae Folium) Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus) Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) Chi Shao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra)
This formula uses Liujunzi Tang to eliminate phlegm and benefit the Spleen and Lung, strengthening Zheng Qi (Upright Qi) so that exogenous pathogens are easily expelled. During intense summer heat, heat steams outward while dampness accumulates inward; thus, Zhizi and Huanglian clear internal heat, while Xiangru and Chi Shao release the exterior and harmonize Ying (Nutritive) Qi. Only when the pulse is surging and rapid should one exercise extreme caution; do not prescribe indiscriminately. (Note: This is also a method of supporting healthy Qi to expel pathogens)