原蚕蛾咸热强阴，尿血泄精亦可寻，砂治痹风瘾疹起，退消疔肿血风侵，纸主诸血口牙病，丝吐消渴不能
禁。
原，再也。是第二番蚕，以其敏于生育也。蚕蛾、蚕砂、蚕蜕、蚕纸皆取第二番者佳。蚕蛾雄者，小毒。主
强阴道，交接不倦，止泄精尿血，暖水脏，益精壮阳最捷。又治暴风，金疮，冻疮，汤火疮，并减疮瘢，小儿
撮口噤风。凡使，取蛾入葱管中风干，去翅足，微炒。屎，名晚蚕砂。气温，无毒。主风痹瘾疹，皮肤顽麻，筋
骨瘫缓，腹宿冷瘀血，肠鸣，热中消渴，孕妇佩之转女为男。入药炒黄色，或炒热，可熨诸风。蚕蜕，乃眠起
时所退皮也。主血风，益妇人，敷疔肿。入药微炒。蚕蜕纸，谓之蚕连。平，主吐血鼻洪，肠风泻血，崩中带
下，赤白痢，牙宣牙痈，喉痹口疮，俱烧灰存性，蜜丸含化，或干敷患处，小儿走马疳，入麝少许，贴患处。
茧壳，缫丝。味甘平，无毒。口干消渴者，可用此煎汤探吐，畏吐者细细饮之。此物属火，有阴之用，能泻膀
胱水中相火，引清气上朝于口。
蛤蚧
蛤蚧咸平有小毒，肺虚劳嗽交喘促，壮元阳辟传尸邪，更通月水下淋沥。
生城墙或大树间，首若蛤蟆，背有细鳞，长四五寸，尾与身等，形如大守宫，雌雄相随，常自呼其名曰蛤
蚧。最护惜其尾，或见人欲取之，自啮断其尾。凡采者，须设法存其尾则力全。补肺虚劳嗽有功。治久嗽不愈，
肺间积虚热，久则成疮，故嗽出脓血，晓夕不止，喉中气塞，胸膈噎痛，上气喘急，辟传尸邪气鬼物，壮元阳，
通月经，利水道，下石淋。去头足，酒洗去鳞鬣内不净，酥炙用。雄者口大身小，雌者口尖身大，入药亦须两
用，或男用雌，女用雄。口含少许，奔走不喘者真。
桑上螵蛸
桑上螵蛸能补肾，专攻遗溺及遗精，白浊疝瘕皆可用，炮熟免令泻病生。
螳螂逢木便产一枚，出子百数，惟产于桑木上，得桑之津气者为佳。味咸甘，气平，无毒。主五脏虚损，
肾衰阴痿，梦寐失精，或漏精自出，遗溺白浊，及孕妇小便不禁，不可缺也。久服养神气，益精生子，又主女
子伤中疝瘕，血闭腰痛，通五淋，利水道。热水浸淘七遍，焙干，炮令黄色，免令作泻，或略蒸过用亦好。畏
旋复花，得龙骨疗泄精。绿桑螺，似蜗牛，黄小。雨后好缘桑叶，主脱肛，烧末以猪脂和敷，脱肛立缩。
伏翼
伏翼味咸平无毒，主儿 病明眼目，止久嗽又通五淋，常服延寿无忧辱，夜明砂辛寒治疳，更疗 疮子死
腹。
即蝙蝠也。夜直庚申乃伏翼。善服气能寿，主小儿 病。取血滴目，令人夜视有精光。止久嗽上气，治五
淋，利水道，久服令人喜乐，媚好无忧，延寿，兼治金疮出血，内 。立夏后采山谷及古屋间者阴干，重一斤
色白倒悬者佳。先拭去肉上毛及肠肚嘴脚，然后用酒浸一宿取出，以堇精自然汁涂之，炙令焦干。苋实，
云实为使。夜明砂，又名天鼠屎，无毒。小儿无辜疳，熬捣为末，拌饭吃。治瘰 ，略炒，为末，茶调服。
子死腹中，烧灰酒下。兼治面黑面瘫，皮肤洗洗时痛，腹中血气，破寒热积聚，除惊悸五疟。
白石英
白石英味甘辛温，止咳暖胸住渴烦，疗肺痿痈除诸痹，利水强阴定魄魂。
石色白而有英华。无毒。暖胸膈者，胸膈久寒也。兼治风寒湿痹，利小便，补五脏。大如指长二三寸，
六面如削，白彻光亮者上。有五色，惟白，紫二石入药。火 醋淬七次，水飞用。
紫石英
紫石英甘辛气温，温胃补心益下元，专救妇人绝产育，风寒病入子宫存。
色紫无毒。入手少阴、足厥阴经。除胃中久寒，温中，生养肺气，主咳逆上气，心腹痛，寒热邪气，
补心气虚，安魂魄，定惊悸、风痫、螈 ，填下焦，补元气不足，轻身延年。又治女子风寒在子宫绝孕，十年
无子。兼治痈肿等毒，醋淬为末，生姜、米醋煎敷之。火 醋淬七次，细研水飞用。长石为使。畏扁青、附子，
忌甲、黄连、麦句姜。得参、苓、芍药，共疗心中结气，得天雄、菖蒲，共疗霍乱。
磁石
磁石咸寒能吸铁，起痹开聋通关节，益肾壮阳补绝伤，散核消痈除烦热。
磁，慈也。吸铁联属，若慈母恋儿也。无毒。主周痹（凡痹随血脉上下。不能左右去者为周痹）及风湿
肢节中痛酸，身强，筋骨不利。又治耳聋目昏，通关节，养肾脏，壮阳道，止白浊，补绝伤，令人有子；散颈
核鼠 ，咽痛，除满烦大热及小儿惊痫，消肿毒，醋调敷疔肿立验，小儿误吞铁针铜钱，取枣核大钻孔，线穿
令吞，针自出。能悬吸针虚连三四者佳。火 醋淬九次，细研水飞或炼汁饮之，但久服必有大患。柴胡为使。
恶牡丹、莽草，畏黄石脂，杀铁毒。
阳起石
阳起石咸温无毒，治男阴痿最有功，主女瘕 腹内痛，止崩漏下暖子宫。
生阳起山。性善升，能助人阳气。主男子下虚阳衰乏，阴痿不起，茎头寒，阴下湿痒臭汗，暖腰膝；治女
人子脏中血瘕 结，寒热腹痛，月水不定，崩中带下，子宫久冷无子；兼治冷湿痹风，消水肿，久服令人有子。
形如野狼牙，色白明莹者佳。火 醋淬七次，细研水飞用。桑螵蛸为使。恶泽泻、菌桂、雷丸、蛇蜕，畏菟丝子，
忌羊血。
石钟乳
石钟乳甘温性悍，补肺治咳气逆乱，肾阳衰竭脚弱疼，下乳通关须炼 。
石钟灵气，滴下津液如乳。东垣云∶钟乳粉补肺气，兼疗肾虚。主寒嗽咳逆上气，出声音，补虚损，益
精涩精，强阴壮阳，下焦伤竭，脚弱疼冷，无子精清者，可入补药中兼服之。又通百节，利九窍，下乳汁。丹
溪云∶此 悍之剂，可用于暂而不可久。唐时惑于方士服食长生之说，柳子浓又从而述美之，习以成俗，迨宋及
今。且《唐本》注云∶多服发湿，不炼服之令人淋，况石药气偏，不间冷热有毒，钟乳又偏之甚者。经曰石钟
乳之气悍，可不信诸！生少室山谷及道州江华县，明白光润轻松，色如炼硝石者佳。凡修，半斤用沉香、零陵
香、藿香、甘松香、白茅香各一两，以水煮一伏时，然后用甘草、紫背天葵汁各二两，再煮一伏时取出，慢火
焙干，细研筛过，却入乳钵中，研三日夜勿歇，然后用水飞。澄了日干，再研二万遍，点末臂上便入肉，不见
为度。蛇床子为使。恶牡丹、磁石、牡蒙，畏黄石脂。
以上治虚寒通用。
殷孽 即钟乳根，盘结如姜。味辛，温，无毒。主烂伤瘀血，泄痢寒热、鼠 、 瘕结气、
脚冷疼弱，下乳汁。恶防己，畏术。
孔公孽 即殷孳床，色青黄，中有孔。味辛温，无毒。主伤食不化欲眠，腰冷膝痹，毒瓦斯，瘕结邪气，
出声音，利九窍，下乳汁。治恶疮疽、 痔、男子阴疮、女子阴蚀。木兰为使，恶细辛，忌羊血。此二孽止可
浸酒及煮服，不入丸、散。
白垩 即画工所用白土也。味苦、辛，温，无毒。主女子寒热 瘕，子宫冷，月闭阴肿，漏下无子，涩肠
止痢及痔 泄精，水脏冷，鼻洪吐血。久服伤五脏，令人羸瘦。火 研，盐汤飞过，浪干，免涩结人肠。
鹅管石 形如鹅管，色白，味甘平，无毒。专主肺寒久嗽，痰气壅膈，兼治疳疮。 研。
钩吻 得太阴之精，食之钩入喉吻。味辛、温，大毒。主中恶风，咳逆上气，水肿 积，除脚膝痹痛、四
肢拘挛，杀儿疰蛊毒，金疮乳 ，恶疮疥虫，杀鸟兽。误中其毒，以桂心，葱叶沸汤解之，忌冷水。捣自然汁入
膏中用，勿误饵之。
女菀 味辛，温，无毒。主风寒洗洗，霍乱泄痢肠鸣，疗肺伤咳逆出汗，久寒在膀胱，支满惊痫，寒热
百疾。
王孙 味苦平，无毒。疗百疾，补虚益气。主五脏邪气，寒湿痹，四肢酸疼膝冷，痢疾，金疮破血，生肌止
痛。
合欢 花，上半白，下半肉红，散垂如丝，树似梧桐，枝柔叶繁，互相交结，每一风来，辄似解了不相牵
缀，树之阶庭，使人不忿。其叶至夜而合，故又谓之夜合花。味平，无毒。主安五脏，利心志，耐风寒，令人
欢乐无忧，久服轻身明目。丹溪云∶合欢属土，而有水与金，补阴之有捷功也。兼治磕损疼痛。皮主肺痈唾脓，
心胸甲错，又能杀虫，续筋骨。煎膏消痈肿，叶汁可洗衣垢。
白棘 味辛、寒，无毒。然有钩直二种，直者主虚损阴痿，精自出，补肾气，益精髓，止尿血；钩者主心
腹痛，喉痹，痈疽痔漏，疮肿溃脓，止痛，决刺结。或煮，或烧灭存性用。
药实根 味辛、温，无毒。主寒湿邪气，诸痹疼酸，续绝伤，补骨髓。子主破血、止痢，消肿，除蛊疰、
蛇毒。
甘松香 味甘，温，无毒。主冷气，卒心腹痛，胀满，下气。兼治面黑风疳，齿 ，野鸡痔。用合诸香，
得白芷、附子良。
又有三柰，性味颇同，入诸香药料，鲜入丸、散。
紫稍花 按本草，龙与鹿游于水边，遗沥粘着木枝如蒲槌状，色微青灰，味甘、性温。主阳衰阴痿。
樗鸡 生樗木上。形类蚕蛾，但头足微黑。翅有一重灰色，一重深红，五色俱，腹大者佳。又名红娘子。
味苦，平，小毒。主阴痿益精，补中下气，强志轻身，生子好色；又治心腹邪气，腰痛，行瘀血血闭。不可近目。
七月采，晒干，微炒。
蜻蜒 六足四翼，青色大眼者良。余色及缠腰有绿者不用。微寒，无毒。主强阴止精，壮阳暖水脏。去翅足，
微炒。一云即青娘子。
以上治虚寒杂用。
原蚕蛾味咸、性热，能强壮阴部功能，治疗尿血、遗精也可寻找它；用砂（蚕砂）治疗痹症、风疹发作，消退疔疮肿毒及血风侵袭；蚕纸主治各种出血症及口牙疾病；蚕丝吐丝可治消渴病且不能禁止（指症状顽固或需持续服用）。
“原”，意为再次。这是第二番养的蚕，因为它生育能力强。蚕蛾、蚕砂、蚕蜕、蚕纸都取第二番产的为佳。雄蚕蛾有小毒。主要作用是增强性功能，性交不知疲倦，止泄精、尿血，温暖下焦脏腑，补益精髓、壮阳效果最快。又治疗暴风邪气、金创（金属利器造成的创伤）、冻疮、汤火烫伤，并能减少疮疤痕迹，治疗小儿撮口噤风（新生儿破伤风的一种表现）。凡使用此药，取蛾放入葱管中阴干，去掉翅膀和足，微炒。其粪便名为晚蚕砂。气温，无毒。主治风痹、瘾疹，皮肤顽麻，筋骨瘫痪弛缓，腹部宿冷瘀血，肠鸣，热中消渴，孕妇佩戴它能转女为男（迷信说法）。入药时炒至黄色，或炒热，可用于熨敷各种风证。蚕蜕，是蚕眠醒时所退的皮。主治血风，对妇人有益，外敷治疗疔肿。入药微炒。蚕蜕纸，称为蚕连。性平，主治吐血、鼻衄，肠风泻血，崩漏带下，赤白痢疾，牙龈萎缩、牙痈，喉痹口疮，均烧灰存性，制成蜜丸含化，或干敷患处；小儿走马疳，加入少许麝香，贴于患处。茧壳用于缫丝。味甘、性平，无毒。口干消渴者，可用此煎汤探吐，怕吐的人细细饮用。此物属火，具有阴的作用，能泻膀胱水中的相火，引导清气上朝于口。
蛤蚧
蛤蚧味咸、性平，有小毒。肺虚劳嗽兼见交喘促，壮元阳辟除传尸邪气，更通月经，治疗淋沥不尽。
生于城墙或大树之间，头像蛤蟆，背有细鳞，长四五寸，尾巴与身体等长，形状像大守宫（壁虎），雌雄相随，常自己呼叫名字“蛤蚧”。最护惜它的尾巴，如果有人想捕捉它，它会自咬断尾巴。凡是采集者，必须设法保留其尾巴，药效才完整。补肺虚劳嗽有功。治疗久咳不愈，肺间积有虚热，久了形成疮疡，所以咳出脓血，早晚不止，喉中气塞，胸膈噎痛，上气喘急，辟除传尸邪气鬼物，壮元阳，通月经，利水道，排出石淋。去掉头足，酒洗去鳞鬣内的不洁之物，用酥炙后使用。雄性的口大身小，雌性的口尖身大，入药也须两者同用，或者男用雌性，女用雄性。口中含少许，奔走而不喘的是真品。
桑上螵蛸
桑上螵蛸能补肾，专攻遗溺及遗精，白浊、疝瘕皆可使用，炮熟后可避免引起腹泻病症。
螳螂遇到树木便产一枚卵鞘，孵出子代数百只，只有产于桑树上的，得到桑树津气的为佳。味咸甘，气平，无毒。主治五脏虚损，肾衰阳痿，梦寐失精，或漏精自出，遗尿白浊，以及孕妇小便不禁，不可缺少的药物。长期服用养神气，益精生子，又主治女子伤中疝瘕，血闭腰痛，通五淋，利水道。热水浸淘七遍，焙干，炮令黄色，以免引起腹泻，或者略蒸过使用也好。畏旋复花，得龙骨可治疗泄精。绿桑螵蛸，形状似蜗牛，黄色较小。雨后喜欢攀缘桑叶，主治脱肛，烧成末以猪脂调和敷贴，脱肛立即收缩。
伏翼
伏翼味咸、性平，无毒。主治小儿疳病，明目，止久嗽又通五淋，常服延年益寿无忧辱。夜明砂辛寒治疳，更疗子死腹中。
即蝙蝠也。夜间庚申日乃称伏翼。善于服气能长寿，主治小儿疳病。取血滴入眼中，让人夜间视物有精光。止久嗽上气，治五淋，利水道，久服令人喜乐，貌美无忧，延寿，兼治金疮出血，内伤。立夏后采山谷及古屋间的蝙蝠阴干，重一斤色白倒悬者为佳。先拭去肉上的毛及肠肚嘴脚，然后用酒浸泡一夜取出，用堇菜自然汁涂之，炙令焦干。苋实、云实为使药。夜明砂，又名天鼠屎，无毒。小儿无辜疳，熬捣为末，拌饭吃。治疗瘰疬，略炒，为末，茶调服。子死腹中，烧灰酒送下。兼治面黑面瘫，皮肤洗洗时痛，腹中血气，破寒热积聚，除惊悸五疟。
白石英
白石英味甘、辛、温。止咳暖胸住渴烦，疗肺痿痈除诸痹，利水强阴定魄魂。
石色白而有英华。无毒。暖胸膈的，是因为胸膈久寒。兼治风寒湿痹，利小便，补五脏。大如手指长二三寸，六面如削，白彻光亮者为上品。有五色，惟白、紫二石入药。火煅醋淬七次，水飞用。
紫石英
紫石英味甘、辛、温。温胃补心益下元，专救妇人绝产育，风寒病入子宫存。
色紫无毒。入手少阴、足厥阴经。除胃中久寒，温中，生养肺气，主咳逆上气，心腹痛，寒热邪气，补心气虚，安魂魄，定惊悸、风痫、抽搐，填下焦，补元气不足，轻身延年。又治女子风寒在子宫绝孕，十年无子。兼治痈肿等毒，醋淬为末，生姜、米醋煎敷之。火煅醋淬七次，细研水飞用。长石为使药。畏扁青、附子，忌甲、黄连、麦句姜。得参、苓、芍药，共疗心中结气，得天雄、菖蒲，共疗霍乱。
磁石
磁石味咸、性寒，能吸铁，起痹开聋通关节，益肾壮阳补绝伤，散核消痈除烦热。
磁，慈也。吸铁联属，若慈母恋儿也。无毒。主治周痹（凡痹随血脉上下。不能左右去者为周痹）及风湿肢节中痛酸，身强，筋骨不利。又治耳聋目昏，通关节，养肾脏，壮阳道，止白浊，补绝伤，令人有子；散颈核鼠瘰，咽痛，除满烦大热及小儿惊痫，消肿毒，醋调敷疔肿立验，小儿误吞铁针铜钱，取枣核大钻孔，线穿令吞，针自出。能悬吸针虚连三四者佳。火煅醋淬九次，细研水飞或炼汁饮之，但久服必有大患。柴胡为使药。恶牡丹、莽草，畏黄石脂，杀铁毒。
阳起石
阳起石味咸、性温，无毒。治男阴痿最有功，主女瘕聚腹内痛，止崩漏下暖子宫。
生于阳起山。性善升，能助人阳气。主治男子下虚阳衰乏，阴痿不起，茎头寒，阴下湿痒臭汗，暖腰膝；治女人子脏中血瘕聚结，寒热腹痛，月水不定，崩中带下，子宫久冷无子；兼治冷湿痹风，消水肿，久服令人有子。形如野狼牙，色白明莹者为佳。火煅醋淬七次，细研水飞用。桑螵蛸为使药。恶泽泻、菌桂、雷丸、蛇蜕，畏菟丝子，忌羊血。
石钟乳
石钟乳味甘、性温，性质悍烈。补肺治咳气逆乱，肾阳衰竭脚弱疼，下乳通关须炼制。
石钟灵气，滴下津液如乳。东垣云：钟乳粉补肺气，兼疗肾虚。主寒嗽咳逆上气，出声音，补虚损，益精涩精，强阴壮阳，下焦伤竭，脚弱疼冷，无子精清者，可入补药中兼服之。又通百节，利九窍，下乳汁。丹溪云：此悍烈之剂，可用于暂而不可久。唐时惑于方士服食长生之说，柳子浓又从而述美之，习以成俗，迨宋及今。且《唐本》注云：多服发湿，不炼服之令人淋，况石药气偏，不间冷热有毒，钟乳又偏之甚者。经曰石钟乳之气悍，可不信诸！生少室山谷及道州江华县，明白光润轻松，色如炼硝石者为佳。凡修制，半斤用沉香、零陵香、藿香、甘松香、白茅香各一两，以水煮一伏时，然后用甘草、紫背天葵汁各二两，再煮一伏时取出，慢火焙干，细研筛过，却入乳钵中，研三日夜勿歇，然后用水飞。澄了日干，再研二万遍，点末臂上便入肉，不见为度。蛇床子为使药。恶牡丹、磁石、牡蒙，畏黄石脂。
以上治虚寒通用。
殷孽 即钟乳根，盘结如姜。味辛，温，无毒。主治烂伤瘀血，泄痢寒热、鼠瘰、瘕结气、脚冷疼弱，下乳汁。恶防己，畏术。
孔公孽 即殷孳床，色青黄，中有孔。味辛温，无毒。主治伤食不化欲眠，腰冷膝痹，毒瓦斯，瘕结邪气，出声音，利九窍，下乳汁。治恶疮疽、痔、男子阴疮、女子阴蚀。木兰为使药，恶细辛，忌羊血。此二孽只可浸酒及煮服，不入丸、散。
白垩 即画工所用白土也。味苦、辛，温，无毒。主治女子寒热瘕聚，子宫冷，月闭阴肿，漏下无子，涩肠止痢及痔漏泄精，水脏冷，鼻洪吐血。久服伤五脏，令人羸瘦。火煅研，盐汤飞过，浪干，免涩结人肠。
鹅管石 形如鹅管，色白，味甘平，无毒。专主肺寒久嗽，痰气壅膈，兼治疳疮。研。
钩吻 得太阴之精，食之钩入喉吻。味辛、温，大毒。主治中恶风，咳逆上气，水肿积聚，除脚膝痹痛、四肢拘挛，杀儿疰蛊毒，金疮乳痈，恶疮疥虫，杀鸟兽。误中其毒，以桂心，葱叶沸汤解之，忌冷水。捣自然汁入膏中用，勿误饵之。
女菀 味辛，温，无毒。主治风寒洗洗，霍乱泄痢肠鸣，疗肺伤咳逆出汗，久寒在膀胱，支满惊痫，寒热百疾。
王孙 味苦平，无毒。疗百疾，补虚益气。主治五脏邪气，寒湿痹，四肢酸疼膝冷，痢疾，金疮破血，生肌止痛。
合欢 花，上半白，下半肉红，散垂如丝，树似梧桐，枝柔叶繁，互相交结，每一风来，辄似解了不相牵缀，树之阶庭，使人不忿。其叶至夜而合，故又谓之夜合花。味平，无毒。主治安五脏，利心志，耐风寒，令人欢乐无忧，久服轻身明目。丹溪云：合欢属土，而有水与金，补阴之有捷功也。兼治磕损疼痛。皮主肺痈唾脓，心胸甲错，又能杀虫，续筋骨。煎膏消痈肿，叶汁可洗衣垢。
白棘 味辛、寒，无毒。然有钩直二种，直者主虚损阴痿，精自出，补肾气，益精髓，止尿血；钩者主心腹痛，喉痹，痈疽痔漏，疮肿溃脓，止痛，决刺结。或煮，或烧灭存性用。
药实根 味辛、温，无毒。主治寒湿邪气，诸痹疼酸，续绝伤，补骨髓。子主治破血、止痢，消肿，除蛊疰、蛇毒。
甘松香 味甘，温，无毒。主治冷气，卒心腹痛，胀满，下气。兼治面黑风疳，齿龋，野鸡痔。用合诸香，得白芷、附子良。
又有三柰，性味颇同，入诸香药料，鲜入丸、散。
紫稍花 按本草，龙与鹿游于水边，遗沥粘着木枝如蒲槌状，色微青灰，味甘、性温。主治阳衰阴痿。
樗鸡 生樗木上。形类蚕蛾，但头足微黑。翅有一重灰色，一重深红，五色俱，腹大者佳。又名红娘子。味苦，平，小毒。主治阴痿益精，补中下气，强志轻身，生子好色；又治心腹邪气，腰痛，行瘀血血闭。不可近目。七月采，晒干，微炒。
蜻蜒 六足四翼，青色大眼者良。余色及缠腰有绿者不用。微寒，无毒。主治强阴止精，壮阳暖水脏。去翅足，微炒。一云即青娘子。
以上治虚寒杂用。
Bombyx Batryticatus (Silkworm Moth) is salty and hot, strengthening the yin; for hematuria and seminal emission, it can be sought. Cantharis (Silkworm Excrement) treats bi-syndrome, wind rashes arising, retabs carbuncles, swellings, and blood-wind invasion. Silkworm Cocoon Paper governs various bleeding disorders and oral/dental diseases. Silk secretion addresses Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst) that cannot be controlled.
"Yuan" means again. This refers to the second batch of silkworms, as they are keen on reproduction. Bombyx Batryticatus (Silkworm Moth), Cantharis (Silkworm Excrement), Bombyx Pupa Skin (Silkworm Molt), and Silkworm Cocoon Paper are all best taken from the second batch. The male Bombyx Batryticatus (Silkworm Moth) has slight toxicity. It mainly strengthens the genitalia, prevents fatigue during intercourse, stops seminal emission and hematuria, warms the Water Organ (Kidney), and is most swift in tonifying essence and strengthening yang. It also treats sudden wind pathogenic factors, metallic wounds, frostbite, scalds, burns, reduces scar marks, and treats infant tetanus (Cuo Kou Jing Feng). When used, take the moth, place it in a green onion tube to dry naturally, remove wings and legs, and stir-fry slightly. Its excrement is named Wan Can Sha (Late Silkworm Sand). It is warm in temperature and non-toxic. It treats wind-bi, urticaria, skin numbness, flaccid paralysis of sinews and bones, chronic cold and blood stasis in the abdomen, borborygmus, heat-center Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst); pregnant women wearing it is said to change female fetus to male. For medicinal use, stir-fry until yellow or heat it for moxibustion-like application to various wind conditions. Silkworm Molt is the skin shed when the larva wakes from sleep. It treats blood-wind, benefits women, and is applied externally for carbuncles. Stir-fry slightly for medicinal use. Silkworm Cocoon Paper is called Can Lian. It is neutral in nature. It treats hematemesis, epistaxis, intestinal wind with bloody diarrhea, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, dysentery with red and white discharge, gingival atrophy, dental abscess, pharyngolaryngeal obstruction, and mouth ulcers. All are burned to ash while retaining their properties, formed into honey pills for sucking, or applied dry to the affected area. For infant gan gangrene (Zou Ma Gan), add a little Moschus (Musk) and apply to the site.
The cocoon shell is used for reeling silk. It is sweet and neutral, non-toxic. For those with dry mouth and Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst), decoct this to induce vomiting; if vomiting is feared, drink it slowly. This substance belongs to Fire but has Yin functions; it can drain ministerial fire from water in the Bladder and guide clear qi to ascend to the mouth.
Gejie (Gekko Gecko)
Gejie (Gekko Gecko) is salty, neutral, and slightly toxic. For lung deficiency with laborious cough and panting, it strengthens Yuan Yang (Original Yang) and expels Chuan Shi (Infectious Consumption) evil; it further unites menstruation and treats dribbling strangury.
It lives between city walls or large trees. Its head resembles a toad, its back has fine scales, it is four to five cun long, its tail equals its body length, and its shape is like a large gecko. Male and female follow each other, often calling their name "Gejie". They cherish their tails most; if someone tries to catch them, they bite off their own tails. Collectors must ensure the tail is preserved for full efficacy. It is effective in tonifying lung deficiency and laborious cough. It treats persistent cough not healing, empty heat accumulating in the lungs, which over time forms sores, causing coughing up of pus and blood day and night, throat congestion, chest oppression and pain, upper jiao panting urgency, expelling Chuan Shi (Infectious Consumption) evil spirits, strengthening Yuan Yang (Original Yang), regulating menstruation, promoting urination, and treating stone strangury. Remove head and feet, wash with wine to remove scales and impurities, then process with butter. Males have large mouths and small bodies; females have pointed mouths and large bodies. Both should be used together, or males for women and females for men. A true specimen will not pant even after running while holding a small piece in the mouth.
Sang Shang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case on Mulberry)
Sang Shang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case on Mulberry) tonifies the Kidney, specifically targeting enuresis and seminal emission; it is usable for white turbidity and hernia masses. Processing it熟 (cooking/roasting) prevents diarrhea.
The mantis lays one egg case on any tree, hatching hundreds of offspring. Those produced on mulberry trees, absorbing mulberry sap and qi, are superior. It is salty and sweet, neutral in nature, and non-toxic. It treats deficiency damage of the five zang organs, kidney decline and impotence, nocturnal seminal emission, spontaneous leakage of essence, enuresis and white turbidity, and involuntary urination in pregnant women; it is indispensable. Long-term use nourishes spirit and qi, benefits essence and promotes fertility. It also treats women's internal injury with hernia masses, blood obstruction and lower back pain, unites five types of strangury, and promotes urination. Soak in hot water, rinse seven times, bake dry, roast until yellow to prevent diarrhea, or steam slightly before use. It is incompatible with Inula Flower (Xuan Fu Hua); combined with Dragon Bone (Long Gu), it treats seminal emission. Green Sang Shang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case on Mulberry) resembles a snail, is yellow and small. After rain, it climbs mulberry leaves; it treats rectal prolapse. Burn to powder, mix with lard, and apply; rectal prolapse shrinks immediately.
Fuyi (Bat)
Fuyi (Bat) is salty, neutral, and non-toxic. It treats infant gan disease, brightens eyes, stops chronic cough, and unites five types of strangury. Regular use extends life without worry or humiliation. Yeming Sha (Night-Shining Feces) is acrid and cold, treating gan disease, and further treating death of fetus in the womb.
This is the bat. When hanging at night on Geng-Shen days, it is called Fuyi. It is good at swallowing qi and can live long. It treats infant gan disease. Apply its blood to the eyes to enable night vision with brilliance. It stops chronic cough and rebellious qi, treats five types of strangury, promotes urination, and long-term use brings joy, beauty without worry, and longevity. It also treats metallic wound bleeding and internal injuries. Collect bats from valleys and old houses after Start of Summer, dry in shade. Those weighing one jin, white in color, and hanging upside down are best. First wipe off hair, intestines, stomach, beak, and feet. Then soak in wine overnight, take out, coat with natural juice of Viola (Jin Jing), and roast until scorched and dry. Amaranthus Seed (Xian Shi) and Cloud Real (Yun Shi) are guides. Yeming Sha (Night-Shining Feces), also known as Tian Shu Shi (Heavenly Rat Excrement), is non-toxic. For infant innocent gan disease, roast, pound into powder, and mix with rice to eat. For scrofula, lightly roast, make into powder, and take with tea water. For death of fetus in the womb, burn to ash and take with wine. It also treats dark complexion and facial paralysis, skin itching pain, abdominal blood and qi, breaks cold-heat accumulations, and eliminates palpitations and five types of malaria.
Baishiyong (White Quartz)
Baishiyong (White Quartz) is sweet, acrid, and warm. It stops cough, warms the chest, relieves thirst and irritability, treats lung萎 (flaccidity) and carbuncles, removes various bi-syndromes, promotes urination, strengthens yin, and stabilizes po-hun (corporeal soul).
The stone is white with brilliant luster. Non-toxic. Warming the chest-diaphragm addresses chronic cold there. It also treats wind-cold-damp bi-syndrome, promotes urination, and tonifies the five zang organs. Stones the size of a finger, two to three cun long, with six smooth faces, pure white and bright are superior. There are five colors; only white and purple stones enter medicine. Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar seven times, and process by water levigation.
Zishiyong (Purple Quartz)
Zishiyong (Purple Quartz) is sweet, acrid, and warm. It warms the stomach, tonifies the heart, benefits the lower origin, specifically saves women from barrenness due to infertility, and retains pathogenic factors entering the uterus.
Purple in color, non-toxic. Enters the Hand Shaoyin and Foot Jueyin meridians. Removes chronic cold in the stomach, warms the center, generates and nourishes lung qi, treats rebellious cough and asthma, heart and abdominal pain, cold-heat pathogenic factors, tonifies heart qi deficiency, calms hun and po souls, stabilizes palpitations, wind epilepsy, and convulsions, fills the lower jiao, tonifies insufficient original qi, lightens the body, and prolongs life. It also treats women whose uterus is cold due to wind-cold, resulting in ten years of childlessness. It also treats carbuncles and other toxins. Quench in vinegar, make into powder, decoct with fresh ginger and rice vinegar, and apply. Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar seven times, grind finely, and process by water levigation. Changshi (Long Stone) is a guide. It is opposed to Bianqing (Azurite) and Fuzi (Aconite Root); contraindicated with shells, Coptis Rhizome (Huanglian), and Polygonum Aviculare (Mai Ju Jiang). Combined with Ginseng Radix (Renshen), Poria (Fuling), and Peony Root (Shaoyao), it treats knotting qi in the heart; combined with Aconitum Kusnezoffii Root (Tianxiong) and Acorus Tatarinowii Rhizome (Changpu), it treats cholera.
Cishi (Magnetite)
Cishi (Magnetite) is salty and cold, capable of attracting iron. It raises bi-syndrome, opens deafness, unites joints, benefits the kidney, strengthens yang, repairs severe injuries, dissipates nodules, eliminates carbuncles, and removes irritability and heat.
"Ci" sounds like "Ci" (compassion). Attracting iron is like a compassionate mother loving her child. Non-toxic. It treats Zhou Bi (General Bi-syndrome: where bi-pain moves up and down along blood vessels and cannot move left or right) and pain/soreness in limbs and joints due to wind-damp, stiff body, and inconvenient sinews and bones. It also treats deafness and blurred vision, unites joints, nourishes kidneys, strengthens the sexual pathway, stops white turbidity, repairs severe injuries, enables conception, dissipates neck nodules and scrofula, relieves sore throat, removes fullness, irritability, and high fever, and treats infantile convulsions. It reduces swelling and toxins; applying with vinegar to carbuncles yields immediate results. If a child accidentally swallows an iron needle or copper coin, take a date-pit sized piece, drill a hole, thread it, and let the child swallow it; the needle will come out naturally. Those that can suspend and attract needles loosely connected in threes or fours are best. Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar nine times, grind finely, process by water levigation, or refine juice to drink. However, long-term use must cause great harm. Bupleurum Root (Chaihu) is a guide. It is antagonistic to Peony (Mudanpi) and Veratrum (Mangcao), fears Yellow Earth Lip (Huangshizhi), and kills iron poison.
Yangqishi (Yangqi Stone)
Yangqishi (Yangqi Stone) is salty and warm, non-toxic. It is most effective in treating male impotence. It treats female hernia masses and abdominal pain, stops metrorrhagia, and warms the uterus.
Born in Yangqi Mountain. Its nature is ascending, assisting human yang qi. It treats men's lower deficiency and yang decline, impotence, cold glans, dampness, itching, foul sweat in the genitals, and warms waist and knees. It treats women's uterine blood masses and knots, cold-heat abdominal pain, irregular menstruation, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, and long-term cold uterus causing infertility. It also treats cold-damp wind-bi, reduces edema, and long-term use enables conception. Shapes resembling wild wolf teeth, white and bright, are best. Calcine in fire, quench in vinegar seven times, grind finely, and process by water levigation. Sang Shang Piao Xiao (Mantis Egg Case on Mulberry) is a guide. It is antagonistic to Alisma Rhizome (Zexie), Cinnamon Bark (Guirui), Polyporus (Leiwan), and Snake Slough; fears Dodder Seed (Tusizi); contraindicated with sheep blood.
Shizhongru (Stalactite)
Shizhongru (Stalactite) is sweet and warm, with a fierce nature. It tonifies the lung, treats cough and rebellious qi, kidney yang exhaustion, weak and painful legs, and requires processing to promote lactation and unblock passages.
Stalactite gathers spiritual energy, dripping fluid like milk. Dongyuan said: Stalactite powder tonifies lung qi and treats kidney deficiency. It treats cold cough and rebellious qi, produces voice, tonifies deficiency damage, benefits essence, astringes essence, strengthens yin and yang, lower jiao exhaustion, weak and cold painful legs, infertility, and clear semen; it can be taken with tonifying medicines. It also unites all joints, benefits nine orifices, and promotes lactation. Danxi said: This is a fierce agent, suitable for temporary use but not long-term. During the Tang Dynasty, people were confused by alchemists' claims of immortality; Liu Zongyuan praised it, making it a custom continuing to Song and today. Moreover, "Tang Ben Cao" notes: Overuse causes dampness; unprocessed use causes strangury. Since mineral drugs have biased qi, regardless of cold/heat or toxicity, stalactite is extremely biased. The classics say stalactite qi is fierce; can this be doubted! It grows in Shaoshi Valley and Jianghua County, Daozhou. Clear, bright, smooth, light, and colored like refined saltpeter are best. For preparation, use half a jin of Agarwood (Chenxiang), Lingling Fragrance (Linglingxiang), Patchouli (Huoxiang), Sweet Spot (Gansong), and White Mugwort (Baimaoxiang), each one liang. Boil in water for one fu period (approx. 2 hours). Then add Licorice Root (Gancao) and Purple Backed Tiankui Juice, each two liang, boil for another fu period, take out, dry slowly, grind finely, sieve, put in mortar, grind for three days and nights without rest, then process by water levigation. Clarify, dry in sun, grind twenty thousand times more. When powder touches the arm, it penetrates the skin without being seen, this is the standard. Cnidium Fruit (Shechuangzi) is a guide. It is antagonistic to Peony (Mudanpi), Magnetite (Cishi), and Montia (Mumeng); fears Yellow Earth Lip (Huangshizhi).
Above are generally used for treating deficiency-cold.
Yin Nie is the root of stalactite, knotted like ginger. Acrid, warm, non-toxic. Treats ulcerated traumatic blood stasis, dysentery with cold-heat, scrofula, hernia masses, cold painful weak legs, and promotes lactation. Antagonistic to Stephania Root (Fangji), fears Atractylodes (Zhu).
Kong Gong Nie is the bed of Yin Nie, green-yellow in color, with holes inside. Acrid and warm, non-toxic. Treats food stagnation not digesting, drowsiness, cold waist and knee bi, toxic gases, hernia masses and evil qi, produces voice, benefits nine orifices, and promotes lactation. Treats malignant sores, carbuncles, hemorrhoids, male genital sores, and female vaginal erosion. Magnolia Flower (Mulan) is a guide; antagonistic to Asarum (Xixin); contraindicated with sheep blood. These two nie can only be soaked in wine or boiled for consumption, not entered into pills or powders.
Baie is the white clay used by painters. Bitter, acrid, warm, non-toxic. Treats women's cold-heat hernia masses, cold uterus, amenorrhea with vulvar swelling, leaking discharge causing infertility, astringes intestines, stops dysentery and hemorrhoidal leakage/seminal emission, cold Water Organ (Kidney), epistaxis, and hematemesis. Long-term use damages the five zang organs, causing emaciation. Calcine, grind, pass through salt water, dry in waves, to avoid blocking intestines.
E Guan Shi resembles a goose tube, white in color, sweet and neutral, non-toxic. Specifically treats chronic cough due to lung cold, phlegm-qi obstruction in the diaphragm, and also treats gan sores. Grind.
Gouwen absorbs the essence of Taiyin; eating it hooks into the throat. Acrid, warm, highly toxic. Treats sudden wind pathogenic factors, rebellious cough and asthma, edema and accumulations, removes knee and leg bi-pain, limb spasms, kills infant consumption and gu poison, metallic wound breast carbuncles, malignant sores, scabies parasites, and kills birds and beasts. If poisoned by mistake, resolve with cinnamon heart and green onion leaf in boiling water; avoid cold water. Pound natural juice and add to ointments; do not ingest by mistake.
Nuwan is acrid and warm, non-toxic. Treats wind-cold shivering, cholera with dysentery and borborygmus, lung injury with cough, rebellious qi, sweating, chronic cold in the bladder, distension, palpitations, epilepsy, cold-heat, and hundred diseases.
Wangsun is bitter and neutral, non-toxic. Treats hundred diseases, tonifies deficiency and benefits qi. Treats evil qi of the five zang organs, cold-damp bi, limb soreness and cold knees, dysentery, metallic wound blood breaking, generates flesh, and stops pain.
Hehuan Flower, white on top, reddish-brown below, drooping like threads. Tree resembles paulownia, branches soft, leaves lush, intertwining. When wind blows, it seems untied and unconnected. Planting it in courtyards makes people less angry. Leaves close at night, hence called Night-Comb Flower. Neutral, non-toxic. Treats calming five zang organs, benefiting mind, resisting wind-cold, bringing joy without worry. Long-term use lightens body and brightens eyes. Danxi said: Hehuan belongs to Earth, containing Water and Metal, having swift effects in tonifying yin. Also treats contusion pain. Bark treats lung carbuncle with expectoration of pus, rough chest skin, kills parasites, connects sinews and bones. Decoct paste to reduce carbuncles/swelling; leaf juice can wash laundry stains.
Baiji is acrid and cold, non-toxic. There are straight and hooked varieties. Straight ones treat deficiency damage, impotence, spontaneous seminal emission, tonify kidney qi, benefit essence and marrow, stop hematuria. Hooked ones treat heart and abdominal pain, pharyngolaryngeal obstruction, carbuncles, hemorrhoids/fistulas, suppurating sores, stop pain, and resolve刺结 (puncture knots). Boil or burn to ash retaining properties for use.
Yaoshi Gen is acrid and warm, non-toxic. Treats cold-damp evil qi, various bi-pain and soreness, repairs severe injuries, tonifies bone marrow. Seeds treat blood breaking, stop dysentery, reduce swelling, eliminate gu consumption, and snake venom.
Gansong Xiang is sweet and warm, non-toxic. Treats cold qi, sudden heart and abdominal pain, distension, directs qi downward. Also treats dark face, wind-gan, dental caries, pheasant hemorrhoids. Used with other fragrances; combined with Angelica Dahurica (Baizhi) and Aconite Root (Fuzi) is good.
There is also San Nai (Kaempferia Galanga), similar in nature and flavor, entering various fragrance medicines, rarely used in pills/powders.
Zi Shao Hua According to Materia Medica, dragons and deer play by the water, leaving drops sticking to wood branches like rush maces, slightly blue-gray in color, sweet and warm. Treats yang decline and impotence.
Chu Ji grows on Paulownia trees. Shape similar to silkworm moth, but head and feet slightly black. Wings have one layer gray, one layer deep red, all five colors present; larger abdomen is better. Also called Hong Niang Zi. Bitter, neutral, slightly toxic. Treats impotence, benefits essence, tonifies middle, directs qi downward, strengthens will, lightens body, promotes fertility and libido; also treats evil qi in heart/abdomen, lower back pain, moves blood stasis and blood obstruction. Do not let near eyes. Collect in July, dry in sun, stir-fry slightly.
Qingting (Dragonfly) Six legs, four wings; those with green color and large eyes are good. Others or those with green bands around waist are not used. Slightly cold, non-toxic. Treats strengthening yin, stopping seminal emission, strengthening yang, warming Water Organ (Kidney). Remove wings and legs, stir-fry slightly. Some say it is Qing Niang Zi.
Above are miscellaneous uses for treating deficiency-cold.