四物汤 调益荣卫，滋养气血。治冲任月事不调，脐腹疼痛，崩中漏下，将理失宜，胎动不安，血下不
止及产后乘虚，风寒内搏，恶露不下，小腹坚痛，时发寒热等症；若男子精血虚损发热，亦宜用之。盖女子以
血为主，而气为之本，气顺则血活，气滞则血死，故欲治血，
当先理气；男子以精为主，而血为之本，血盛则精强，血衰则精惫，故欲益精，当先补血。故二方为男女通用也。
白芍二钱半，缓中破血，腹痛非此不除，心经药也，夏月倍用之。当归二钱，润中和血刺痛如刀，非此不
除，肾经药也，冬倍用之。熟地二钱半，滋阴生血，脐痛非此不除，肺经药也，秋月宜倍用之，男子加此。川芎
二钱，清阳和血行血，头痛非此不除，肝经药也，春倍用之，女人亦倍，水煎温服。常服顺四时之气，而有对症
不愈者，失其辅耳。风加羌活、防风；热加黄芩；燥加天门冬；寒加桂心；阴虚火动加知母、黄柏；有嗽加二
陈汤少许；老人性急作劳，两腿痛加桃仁、陈皮、牛膝，生甘草，入生姜研，潜行散热，饮三四帖而安；贫劳人
秋深浑身发热、手足皆疼如 ，昼轻夜重，倍芎、芍，加人参、五味子；如喘，手足仍疼，加牛膝、人参、白
术、桃仁、陈皮、甘草、槟榔、生姜，五十帖而安；如性急人味浓，常服热燥之药，左胁红点痛，必有脓在内，
加桔梗、香附、生姜，煎、服十余帖，痛处肿，针出脓，再用数帖调理而安；如贫妇性急血如注，倦甚，加香
附、侧柏，四服觉渴，单服十余帖而安；如怀孕喑哑不能言，加硝、黄各一钱，蜜少许，沉冷时时呷之，心火
下降，肺金自清，则能言矣。其余照根据药性类推及妇人门加减。又如犀角地黄汤、当归和血散，凡补血、温血、
生血、凉血、止血、行血、破血、消积血，皆自此方而变化之也。
八物汤 治气血俱虚，男妇百症、小儿疹痘通用。即四君子汤合四物汤，水煎温服，加减同前。有痰合二
陈汤，名八物二陈汤。凡人参养荣汤、十全大补汤、正气补虚汤之类，皆自此方而变化之也。
四物汤能够调和并补益营卫之气，滋养气血。用于治疗冲任二脉失调导致的月经紊乱、脐腹部疼痛、崩漏（非经期大量出血或淋漓不尽）、因调理不当引起的胎动不安、产后因身体虚弱受风寒侵袭导致恶露不下、小腹坚硬疼痛、时而发冷发热等症状；如果是男子因精血亏虚引起的发热，也适宜使用此方。大概因为女子以血为本，而气是血的根本，气机顺畅则血液运行活泼，气机阻滞则血液凝滞死亡，所以想要治疗血病，应当先调理气机；男子以精为本，而血是精的根本，血液旺盛则精气强盛，血液衰少则精气疲惫，所以想要补益精气，应当先补血。因此这两个方剂是男女通用的。
白芍二钱半，能缓和拘急、破除瘀血，腹痛不用它不能消除，它是入心经的药物，夏季使用时加倍用量。当归二钱，能滋润中焦、调和血液，刺痛如刀割一般，不用它不能消除，它是入肾经的药物，冬季使用时加倍用量。熟地黄二钱半，能滋阴生血，脐部疼痛不用它不能消除，它是入肺经的药物，秋季使用时宜加倍用量，男子服用时加入此药。川芎二钱，能清利阳气、调和血液、行散血液，头痛不用它不能消除，它是入肝经的药物，春季使用时加倍用量，女性服用时也加倍用量，用水煎煮后温服。经常服用可以顺应四季的气候变化，如果有对症但病情未愈的情况，是因为缺乏辅助药物。若兼有风邪，加羌活、防风；若兼有热邪，加黄芩；若兼有燥邪，加天门冬；若兼有寒邪，加桂心；若阴虚火旺，加知母、黄柏；若有咳嗽，加少量二陈汤；老年人性格急躁且劳累，双腿疼痛，加桃仁、陈皮、牛膝、生甘草，加入生姜研磨，潜行散热，服用三四帖即可安宁；贫穷劳碌之人深秋时节浑身发热、手足皆痛如针刺感，白天轻晚上重，加倍川芎、白芍，加人参、五味子；如果气喘，手足仍然疼痛，加牛膝、人参、白术、桃仁、陈皮、甘草、槟榔、生姜，服用五十帖即可安宁；如果性格急躁的人口味浓重，常服用热燥性质的药物，左胁下有红点疼痛，内部必有脓液，加桔梗、香附、生姜，煎煮服用十余帖，疼痛处肿胀，用针挑出脓液，再用几帖调理即可安宁；如果贫穷妇女性情急躁，出血如注，极度疲倦，加香附、侧柏叶，服用四次后觉得口渴，单服十余帖即可安宁；如果怀孕出现失音不能说话，加芒硝、大黄各一钱，少许蜂蜜，冷却后时时呷饮，使心火下降，肺金自然清净，就能说话了。其余情况根据药性类推以及参考妇人门的加减法。又如犀角地黄汤、当归和血散，凡是补血、温血、生血、凉血、止血、行血、破血、消积血的方法，都是从这个方剂变化而来的。
八物汤 治疗气血俱虚，男女各种病症、小儿疹痘通用。即四君子汤与四物汤合方，用水煎煮后温服，加减方法同前文。若有痰湿，合用二陈汤，名为八物二陈汤。凡是人参养荣汤、十全大补汤、正气补虚汤之类的方剂，都是从这个方剂变化而来的。
Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction) harmonizes and benefits Ying (Nutritive Qi) and Wei (Defensive Qi), nourishing Qi and Blood. It treats irregular menstruation due to disharmony of the Chong (Penetrating Vessel) and Ren (Conception Vessel), pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions, metrorrhagia and metrostaxis (heavy or prolonged uterine bleeding outside of regular periods), fetal restlessness due to improper management, postpartum conditions where deficiency allows Wind-Cold to invade internally causing lochia stasis, hardness and pain in the lower abdomen, and alternating chills and fever; it is also suitable for men suffering from fever due to deficiency of Essence and Blood. Generally speaking, women take Blood as their foundation, while Qi serves as the root of Blood; when Qi flows smoothly, Blood circulates freely, but when Qi stagnates, Blood becomes stagnant and lifeless. Therefore, to treat Blood disorders, one must first regulate Qi. Men take Essence as their foundation, while Blood serves as the root of Essence; when Blood is abundant, Essence is strong, but when Blood is depleted, Essence becomes exhausted. Therefore, to tonify Essence, one must first tonify Blood. Thus, these two formulas are applicable to both men and women.
Baishao (Radix Paeoniae Alba) 2.5 qian: soothes tension and breaks blood stasis; abdominal pain cannot be relieved without it. It enters the Heart Meridian and should be doubled in summer. Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) 2 qian: moistens the Middle Jiao and harmonizes Blood; stabbing pain like a knife cannot be relieved without it. It enters the Kidney Meridian and should be doubled in winter. Shudihuang (Radix Rehmanniae Preparata) 2.5 qian: nourishes Yin and generates Blood; umbilical pain cannot be relieved without it. It enters the Lung Meridian and is best doubled in autumn; this is added for men. Chuanxiong (Rhizoma Ligustici Chuanxiong) 2 qian: clears Yang, harmonizes Blood, and promotes Blood circulation; headache cannot be relieved without it. It enters the Liver Meridian and should be doubled in spring; women should also double the dose. Decoct with water and take warm. Regular use helps adapt to the seasonal Qi. If symptoms persist despite correct indication, it is due to a lack of auxiliary herbs. For Wind, add Qianghuo (Radix Notopterygii) and Fangfeng (Radix Saposhnikoviae); for Heat, add Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae); for Dryness, add Tianmendong (Herba Asparagi); for Cold, add Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi); for Yin deficiency with Fire hyperactivity, add Zhimu (Rhizoma Anemarrhenae) and Huangbai (Cortex Phellodendri); for cough, add a small amount of Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction); for elderly persons with irritable temper and fatigue causing leg pain, add Taoren (Semen Persicae), Chenpi (Pericarpium Citri Reticulatae), Niuxi (Radix Achyranthis Bidentatae), and Sheng Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata), grind with Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) to dissipate heat secretly; three to four doses bring relief. For poor, overworked individuals in late autumn with whole-body fever and limb pain resembling needle pricks, lighter by day and heavier by night, double Chuanxiong and Baishao, add Renshen (Radix Ginseng) and Wuweizi (Fructus Schisandrae). If wheezing occurs with persistent limb pain, add Niuxi, Renshen, Baizhu (Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae), Taoren, Chenpi, Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Binglang (Semen Arecae), and Shengjiang; fifty doses bring relief. For irritable individuals consuming rich flavors who regularly take hot and drying herbs, if red spots appear on the left hypochondrium with pain indicating internal abscess, add Jiegeng (Radix Platycodonis), Xiangfu (Rhizoma Cyperi), and Shengjiang; decoct and take ten to twelve doses until swelling at the painful site appears, then lance to drain pus, followed by several doses for regulation and recovery. For poor women with irritable temper and profuse bleeding leading to extreme fatigue, add Xiangfu and Ce Bai Ye (Cacumen Platycladi); after four doses, thirst may occur, but continuing alone for ten to twelve doses brings relief. For pregnant women experiencing aphonia (loss of voice), add Xiaoshi (Natrii Sulfas) and Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei) each 1 qian, with a little honey; sip cold occasionally to descend Heart Fire, thereby clearing Lung Metal, restoring speech. Other modifications follow herb properties and reference the Women's Department. Furthermore, Xijiao Dihuang Tang (Rhinoceros Horn and Rehmannia Decoction) and Danggui Hexue San (Angelica Blood-Harmonizing Powder), all methods of tonifying, warming, generating, cooling, stopping, moving, breaking, and resolving accumulated Blood, evolve from this formula.
Bawu Tang (Eight Substances Decoction) treats combined deficiency of Qi and Blood and is generally used for various ailments in men and women, as well as for childhood exanthems and smallpox. It combines Sijunzi Tang (Four Gentlemen Decoction) and Siwu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), decocted with water and taken warm. Modifications are the same as above. If phlegm is present, combine with Erchen Tang (Two Aged Decoction), named Bawu Erchen Tang (Eight Substances Two Aged Decoction). Formulas such as Renshen Yangrong Tang (Ginseng Nourishing Nutritive Qi Decoction), Shiquan Dabu Tang (Ten Complete Great Tonifying Decoction), and Zhengqi Buxu Tang (Upright Qi Tonifying Deficiency Decoction) all evolve from this formula.