脾约丸∶
约者，〔结〕约之象，又曰约束之约也。《内经》曰∶饮入于胃，游溢精气，上输
于脾，脾气散精，上归于肺，通调水道，下输膀胱，水精四布，五经并行，〔为〕其
津液者。脾气结，约束精液，不得四布五经，但输膀〔胱〕，致小便数，大便硬，故曰
其脾为约。麻仁味甘平，杏仁甘温，《内经》曰∶脾欲缓，急食甘以缓之。麻仁、杏仁润
物也，《本草》曰∶润可以去枯，肠燥必以甘润之物为主，是以麻仁为君，杏仁为臣。枳
壳味苦寒，浓朴味苦温，润燥者必以甘，甘以润之；破结者必以苦，苦以泄之。枳壳、
浓朴为佐，以散脾之约；芍药味酸微寒，大〔黄〕味苦涌泄为阴，芍药、大黄为使，
以下脾之结。燥润结化，津液还入胃中，则大便利，小便数愈。
麻仁（一两） 白芍药 枳壳 浓朴（各半两） 大黄（二两） 杏仁（汤浸，去皮尖，研三钱）
上为极细末，蜜丸梧子大，米饮下三十〔丸〕，日进三服，渐加，以利为度。
润肠丸∶
治脾胃〔中〕伏火，大便秘〔涩〕，或干燥不通，全不思食，〔此乃〕风结
秘、血结秘，皆令 塞也。〔风以润之，血以和之〕，和血疏风，自通利矣。
麻仁 桃仁（去皮尖） 羌活 当归 大黄（各半两）
上除麻仁、桃仁别研如泥，余药细研，炼蜜丸梧子大，每服五十丸至百丸，空心白汤
下。〔如血涩而大便燥者，加桃仁酒洗大黄〕。如大便不通而涩，滋其荣〔甚〕者，
急加酒洗大黄；如风结燥，大便不行，加〔麻〕仁、大黄；如风湿大便不行者，
加皂角仁、大黄、秦艽以利之；如脉涩，觉身有气〔涩〕而大便不通者，加郁李
仁、大黄以除气涩。
当归润燥汤∶
升麻（一两） 当归（一两） 生地黄（二两） 甘草（一钱炙） 干地黄（一钱）
桃仁（一钱研） 麻仁（一钱） 红花（半钱） 大黄（一钱煨）
上桃仁、麻仁别研如泥，余锉〔麻豆大〕作一服，水二钟，入桃、麻仁煎至
一盏，去渣，空心宿食消尽，稍热服。
橘杏丸∶
治气闭，老人虚弱〔人〕皆可服。
橘皮 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖）
上二味等分，炼蜜丸梧子大，每服七十丸，空心米饮下。
七〔宣〕丸∶
疗风气，治结聚宿食不消，兼〔砂〕石皮毛在腹中，及积年腰脚疼痛，冷如〔冰〕
石，香港脚冲心，烦〔愦〕，头〔眩〕暗倒，肩背重，心腹胀满，胸膈〔痞〕塞，
风毒肿气，连及头面，大便或秘，小便时涩，脾胃〔虚〕痞，不能饮食，脚转筋，挛
急〔掣〕痛，心神恍惚，眠卧不安等疾。
柴胡（去苗五两） 桃仁（去皮六两） 枳实（麸炒五两） 〔诃〕子皮（五两） 木香（五两）
大黄（面煨十五两） 甘草（炙四两）
上为细末，炼蜜丸梧子大，每服二十丸，食前临卧服，米饮下一服，加至四、五十
丸，宣利为度。觉病势退，服五补丸，不问男女老幼，并可服之，量与加减。
麻仁丸∶
调三焦，和五脏，润肠胃，除风气，及治风热壅结，津液耗少，令大便闭涩
不通，高年及有风人大便秘，宜服之。
枳实（面炒） 白槟榔（各一两半） 羌活（一两洗） 菟丝子（一两半酒浸别末） 〔山茱萸〕（一两
半） 郁李仁（四两去皮） 车前子（一两半） 肉桂（一两） 木香（一两） 大黄（四两半） 麻仁（四
两别研）
上为细末，炼蜜丸如梧子大，每服十五丸至二十丸，临卧温水下。
神功丸∶
治三焦气壅，心腹痞闷，六腑风热，大便不通，腰脚疼痛，肩背重〔疼〕，头
昏〔面〕热，口苦咽干，心胸烦躁，眠卧不安，及治香港脚，并素有风〔人〕大便
结燥。
大黄（四两面煨） 麻仁（二两别研） 人参（二两） 诃子皮（四两）
上一处研，炼蜜丸如梧子大，每服三十丸，温水下，酒亦得，食后服。如大便不通，
倍服，利为度。
浓朴汤∶
凡治脏腑之秘，不可一例治疗，有虚秘，有实秘。有胃实而秘者，能饮食，小便
赤，当以麻仁丸、七宣丸之类主之。胃虚而秘者，不能饮食，小便清利，浓朴汤宜之。
浓朴（三两锉） 白术（五两） 半夏（二两泡） 枳壳（二两炒） 陈皮（三两）
上为细末，每服三钱，水盏半，姜三片，枣三个，煎至一盏，去滓温服，空心食
前。胃实秘，物也；胃虚秘，气也。
七圣〔丸〕∶
治风气壅盛，痰热结搏，头目昏重，涕唾稠粘，心烦面热，咽干口燥，精神不爽，
夜卧不安，肩背拘急，胸膈痞闷，腹胀胁满，腰腿重痛，大便秘涩，小便赤涩，宜服之。
川芎 肉桂 木香 大黄（各半两酒浸） 羌活（一两） 郁李仁（一两去皮） 槟榔（半两）
上〔七味为末〕，炼蜜丸梧子大，每〔服〕十五〔丸〕〔至〕二十〔丸〕，温水下，
食后临卧〔服〕。〔山〕岚瘴地，最宜服之。〔更量脏腑虚实加减〕
犀角丸∶
治三焦邪热，一切风气，〔又〕治风盛痰实，头目昏重，肢体拘急，痰涎壅塞，
肠胃燥结，大小便难。
黄连 犀角（各一两） 人参（二两） 大黄（八两） 黑牵牛（二十两）
上与黑牵牛和合〔为〕细末，炼蜜丸如梧子大，每服十五丸至二十丸，卧时温水下，
更量虚实加减。
脾约丸：
“约”字，是约束、限制的形象，也称为约束的意思。《内经》说：饮食进入胃中，精气游溢流动，向上输送到脾，脾气散布精微物质，向上回归于肺，通调水道，向下输送到膀胱，水液精微四布全身，在五脏经脉中并行运行，这就是津液。如果脾气结滞，约束精液，使其不能四布全身、通行五经，只能输注到膀胱，导致小便频数，大便干硬，所以称为“其脾为约”。麻仁味甘性平，杏仁味甘性温，《内经》说：脾脏喜好缓和，急需食用甘味食物来缓和它。麻仁、杏仁是润燥的药物，《本草》说：润燥可以去除枯涩，肠道干燥必须用甘润的药物为主，因此以麻仁为君药，杏仁为臣药。枳壳味苦性寒，厚朴味苦性温，润燥必须用甘味，甘味可以滋润；破除结聚必须用苦味，苦味可以泄降。枳壳、厚朴作为佐药，用来消散脾气的约束；芍药味酸性微寒，大黄味苦具有涌泄作用且属阴，芍药、大黄作为使药，用来下行解除脾气的结滞。燥气得以润化，结滞得以化解，津液重新回到胃中，则大便通畅，小便频数的症状痊愈。
麻仁（一两） 白芍药 枳壳 厚朴（各半两） 大黄（二两） 杏仁（汤浸，去皮尖，研三钱）
以上药物制成极细末，用蜂蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，米汤送服三十丸，每日三次，逐渐增加剂量，以大便通畅为度。
润肠丸：
治疗脾胃中有潜伏的火邪，大便秘结涩滞，或者干燥不通，完全不想进食，这是风结秘、血结秘，都会导致闭塞。用润法治疗风结，用和法治疗血结，调和血液、疏风，自然就会通利。
麻仁 桃仁（去皮尖） 羌活 当归 大黄（各半两）
以上药物除去麻仁、桃仁分别研磨如泥状，其余药物细研，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用五十丸至一百丸，空腹时用白开水送下。（如果血液涩滞而大便干燥的，加酒洗大黄）。如果大便不通且涩滞，营血亏虚严重的，急加酒洗大黄；如果是风结燥，大便不行，加麻仁、大黄；如果是风湿导致大便不行的，加皂角仁、大黄、秦艽来通利；如果脉象涩，感觉身体有气机涩滞而大便不通的，加郁李仁、大黄来消除气涩。
当归润燥汤：
升麻（一两） 当归（一两） 生地黄（二两） 甘草（一钱，炙） 干地黄（一钱）
桃仁（一钱，研） 麻仁（一钱） 红花（半钱） 大黄（一钱，煨）
以上桃仁、麻仁分别研磨如泥状，其余药物锉成麻豆大小为一服量，用水二钟，加入桃仁、麻仁煎煮至一盏，去渣，空腹时宿食消化尽后，稍热服用。
橘杏丸：
治疗气机闭塞，老人及虚弱之人皆可服用。
橘皮 杏仁（汤浸去皮尖）
以上两味药等分，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用七十丸，空腹时用米汤送下。
七宣丸：
治疗风气，治疗结聚、宿食不消，兼治腹中有砂石、皮毛积滞，以及多年的腰脚疼痛，冷如冰石，香港脚冲心，烦闷，头晕目眩跌倒，肩背沉重，心腹胀满，胸膈痞塞，风毒肿气，连及头面，大便或秘结，小便时涩滞，脾胃虚弱痞满，不能饮食，脚部转筋，挛急掣痛，心神恍惚，睡眠不安等疾病。
柴胡（去苗五两） 桃仁（去皮六两） 枳实（麸炒五两） 诃子皮（五两） 木香（五两）
大黄（面煨十五两） 甘草（炙四两）
以上药物制成细末，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用二十丸，饭前临睡前服用，米汤送下一服，加至四、五十丸，以宣通利下为度。觉得病势减退后，服用五补丸，不论男女老幼，都可以服用，根据情况加减。
麻仁丸：
调理三焦，调和五脏，润养肠胃，祛除风气，以及治疗风热壅结，津液耗损减少，导致大便闭涩不通，老年人及有风疾的人大便干燥，适宜服用此药。
枳实（面炒） 白槟榔（各一两半） 羌活（一两，洗） 菟丝子（一两半，酒浸别研末） 山茱萸（一两半） 郁李仁（四两，去皮） 车前子（一两半） 肉桂（一两） 木香（一两） 大黄（四两半） 麻仁（四两，别研）
以上药物制成细末，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用十五丸至二十丸，临睡前用温水送下。
神功丸：
治疗三焦气机壅滞，心腹痞闷，六腑风热，大便不通，腰脚疼痛，肩背重疼，头昏面部发热，口苦咽干，心胸烦躁，睡眠不安，以及治疗香港脚，并素有风疾的人大便结燥。
大黄（四两面煨） 麻仁（二两，别研） 人参（二两） 诃子皮（四两）
以上药物一起研磨，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用三十丸，温水送下，酒送也可以，饭后服用。如果大便不通，加倍服用，以通利为度。
厚朴汤：
凡是治疗脏腑的秘结，不可一概而论治疗，有虚秘，有实秘。有胃实而秘结的，能饮食，小便赤黄，应当以麻仁丸、七宣丸之类为主治。胃虚而秘结的，不能饮食，小便清利，厚朴汤适宜治疗。
厚朴（三两，锉） 白术（五两） 半夏（二两，泡） 枳壳（二两，炒） 陈皮（三两）
以上药物制成细末，每次服用三钱，水一盏半，生姜三片，大枣三个，煎煮至一盏，去渣温服，空腹饭前服用。胃实秘结，是有形之邪；胃虚秘结，是无形之气。
七圣丸：
治疗风气壅盛，痰热结聚搏结，头目昏重，涕唾稠粘，心烦面部发热，咽干口燥，精神不爽，夜间睡眠不安，肩背拘急，胸膈痞闷，腹胀胁满，腰腿重痛，大便秘涩，小便赤涩，适宜服用此药。
川芎 肉桂 木香 大黄（各半两，酒浸） 羌活（一两） 郁李仁（一两，去皮） 槟榔（半两）
以上七味药制成细末，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用十五丸至二十丸，温水送下，饭后临睡前服用。在山岚瘴气之地，最适宜服用。更需根据脏腑虚实进行加减。
犀角丸：
治疗三焦邪热，一切风气，又治疗风盛痰实，头目昏重，肢体拘急，痰涎壅塞，肠胃燥结，大小便困难。
黄连 犀角（各一两） 人参（二两） 大黄（八两） 黑牵牛（二十两）
以上药物与黑牵牛混合制成细末，用炼蜜制成梧桐子大小的丸剂，每次服用十五丸至二十丸，卧时温水送下，更需根据虚实情况进行加减。
Pi Yue Wan (Spleen Restriction Pill):
The character "Yue" (Restriction) represents the image of binding and restricting, also referred to as the meaning of constraint. The *Neijing* (Classic of Internal Medicine) states: When food and drink enter the stomach, their essence qi flows and overflows, moving upward to be transported by the Spleen. The Spleen disperses the refined essence, sending it upward to return to the Lung. The Lung regulates the water passages, transporting fluids downward to the Bladder. Water and essence are distributed throughout the body, running through the five meridians; this constitutes the Jin Ye (Body Fluids). If the Spleen Qi becomes knotted and restricts the fluids, preventing them from distributing widely and traversing the five meridians, but only directing them to the Bladder, it results in frequent urination and hard stools. This is why it is called "its Spleen is restricted." Mahuang Ren (Cannabis Seed) has a sweet flavor and neutral nature; Xingren (Apricot Seed) has a sweet flavor and warm nature. The *Neijing* states: The Spleen desires relaxation; urgently one should eat sweet substances to relax it. Mahuang Ren and Xingren are moistening agents. The *Bencao* (Materia Medica) states: Moistening can remove dryness. Intestinal dryness must primarily be treated with sweet and moistening substances. Therefore, Mahuang Ren serves as the Jun (Emperor/Chief) herb, and Xingren as the Chen (Minister/Deputy) herb. Zhike (Immature Bitter Orange) has a bitter flavor and cold nature; Houpo (Magnolia Bark) has a bitter flavor and warm nature. To moisten dryness, one must use sweet flavors, as sweetness moistens; to break up knots, one must use bitter flavors, as bitterness drains and descends. Zhike and Houpo serve as Zuo (Assistant) herbs to dissipate the Spleen's restriction. Shaoyao (Peony Root) has a sour flavor and slightly cold nature; Dahuang (Rhubarb Rhizome) has a bitter flavor and acts as a purgative with Yin characteristics. Shaoyao and Dahuang serve as Shi (Envoy/Guide) herbs to descend and resolve the Spleen's knot. When dryness is moistened and knots are resolved, Jin Ye (Body Fluids) return to the Stomach, leading to smooth bowel movements and resolution of frequent urination.
Ingredients: Mahuang Ren (1 liang), Baishao Yao (White Peony Root), Zhike, Houpo (each 0.5 liang), Dahuang (2 liang), Xingren (steeped in hot water, skin and tips removed, pounded to 3 qian).
Process: Grind all ingredients into an extremely fine powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using honey. Take 30 pills with rice water, three times daily. Gradually increase the dose until the bowels move freely.
Run Chang Wan (Intestine-Moistening Pill):
Treats latent fire in the Spleen and Stomach, constipation with difficulty or dryness and obstruction, complete loss of appetite. This refers to Feng Jie Mi (Wind-induced Constipation) and Xue Jie Mi (Blood-induced Constipation), both causing blockage. Use moistening methods for wind, and harmonizing methods for blood. Harmonizing the blood and dispersing wind will naturally restore free flow.
Ingredients: Mahuang Ren, Taoren (Peach Kernel, skin and tips removed), Qianghuo, Danggui, Dahuang (each 0.5 liang).
Process: Remove Mahuang Ren and Taoren, grinding them separately into a paste. Grind the remaining herbs finely. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 50 to 100 pills each time, on an empty stomach with plain boiled water. (If blood stasis causes dry stool, add Dahuang washed in wine.) If stool is obstructed and difficult due to severe deficiency of Ying Blood (Nutritive Qi), urgently add Dahuang washed in wine; if wind-dryness causes non-movement of stool, add Mahuang Ren and Dahuang; if damp-wind causes non-movement of stool, add Zaoreng (Gleditsia Sinensis Fruit), Dahuang, and Qinjiao (Rhizoma Gentianae Macrophyllae) to promote movement; if the pulse is choppy and there is a sensation of Qi stagnation with constipation, add Yuliren (Bush Cherry Pit) and Dahuang to remove Qi stagnation.
Danggui Runzao Tang (Angelica Moistening-Dryness Decoction):
Ingredients: Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, 1 liang), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 1 liang), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Recens, 2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, roasted, 1 qian), Ganhuihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata, 1 qian), Taoren (1 qian, pounded), Mahuang Ren (1 qian), Honghua (Carthami Flos, 0.5 qian), Dahuang (1 qian, roasted).
Process: Grind Taoren and Mahuang Ren separately into a paste. Chop the remaining herbs to the size of hemp seeds for one dose. Add two zhong of water, boil with the pastes until reduced to one zhan. Strain. Take warm on an empty stomach after residual food has digested.
Ju Xing Wan (Tangerine-And-Almond Pill):
Treats Qi obstruction. Suitable for elderly and weak individuals.
Ingredients: Jupi (Tangerine Peel), Xingren (steeped in hot water, skin and tips removed).
Process: Mix equal parts. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 70 pills each time, on an empty stomach with rice water.
Qi Xuan Wan (Seven-Ventilating Pill):
Treats Wind pathogenic factors, treating accumulations and undigested food retention. Also treats accumulation of stones, sand, hair, and fur in the abdomen, chronic lower back and leg pain feeling cold like ice or stone, Hongjiao (Gout/Podagra) rushing to the heart, irritability, dizziness and fainting, heavy shoulders and back, abdominal distension and fullness, chest and diaphragm stuffiness, Wind-Toxin swelling affecting the head and face, constipation or difficult urination, Spleen-Stomach deficiency with stuffiness and inability to eat, leg cramps, spasmodic pulling pain, mental confusion, and restless sleep.
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, stems removed, 5 liang), Taoren (6 liang), Zhishi (Immature Bitter Orange, bran-fried, 5 liang), Hezi Pi (Terminalia Chebula Pericarpium, 5 liang), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, 5 liang), Dahuang (15 liang, flour-roasted), Gancao (4 liang, roasted).
Process: Grind into fine powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 20 pills before meals and before bed, with rice water. Increase gradually to 40-50 pills until ventilation and purgation occur. When symptoms subside, take Wubu Wan (Five-Tonifying Pill). Suitable for all ages and genders, adjust dosage accordingly.
Mahuang Wan (Hemp Seed Pill):
Regulates the Sanjiao (Triple Burner), harmonizes the five Zang organs, moistens the intestines and stomach, dispels Wind, and treats Wind-Heat congestion with depletion of Jin Ye (Body Fluids), causing constipation. Suitable for the elderly and those with Wind disorders suffering from dry constipation.
Ingredients: Zhishi (flour-fried), Bai Binglang (Areca Seed, each 1.5 liang), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, 1 liang, washed), Tusizi (Cuscutae Semen, 1.5 liang, soaked in wine, ground separately), Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, 1.5 liang), Yuliren (Pruni Semen, 4 liang, peeled), Cheqianzi (Plantaginis Semen, 1.5 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, 1 liang), Muxiang (1 liang), Dahuang (4.5 liang), Mahuang Ren (4 liang, ground separately).
Process: Grind into fine powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 15-20 pills before bed with warm water.
Shen Gong Wan (Divine Efficacy Pill):
Treats Sanjiao Qi congestion, chest and abdominal stuffiness, Six Fu organs' Wind-Heat, constipation, lower back and leg pain, heavy and painful shoulders and back, dizziness and facial heat, bitter taste in mouth and dry throat, chest irritability, and restless sleep. Also treats Hongjiao (Gout/Podagra) and chronic constipation in patients with Wind disorders.
Ingredients: Dahuang (4 liang, flour-roasted), Mahuang Ren (2 liang, ground separately), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, 2 liang), Hezi Pi (4 liang).
Process: Grind together. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 30 pills with warm water or wine, after meals. If constipated, double the dose until purgation occurs.
Houpo Tang (Magnolia Bark Decoction):
In treating constipation of the Zang and Fu organs, treatment cannot be uniform; there is Deficiency Constipation and Excess Constipation. For Excess Constipation due to Stomach Excess, where the patient can eat and urine is red, treat primarily with Mahuang Wan or Qi Xuan Wan. For Deficiency Constipation due to Stomach Deficiency, where the patient cannot eat and urine is clear and profuse, Houpo Tang is suitable.
Ingredients: Houpo (3 liang, chopped), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, 5 liang), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, processed, 2 liang), Zhike (2 liang, fried), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel, 3 liang).
Process: Grind into fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose. Add 1.5 zhan of water, 3 slices of ginger, and 3 jujubes. Boil to one zhan. Strain and take warm on an empty stomach before meals. Stomach Excess constipation is caused by material accumulation; Stomach Deficiency constipation is caused by Qi deficiency.
Qi Sheng Wan (Seven-Sages Pill):
Treats excessive Wind congestion, phlegm-heat knotting, heavy head and eyes, thick sputum and nasal discharge, heart vexation and facial heat, dry throat and mouth, poor spirit, restless night sleep, stiff shoulders and back, chest and diaphragm stuffiness, abdominal distension and hypochondriac fullness, heavy and painful waist and legs, constipation, and red, difficult urination.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Rougui, Muxiang, Dahuang (each 0.5 liang, soaked in wine), Qianghuo (1 liang), Yuliren (1 liang, peeled), Binglang (Areca Seed, 0.5 liang).
Process: Grind these seven ingredients into powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 15-20 pills with warm water, after meals and before bed. Most suitable for areas with mountain miasma. Adjust according to Zang-Fu deficiency or excess.
Xijiao Wan (Rhinoceros Horn Pill):
Treats Sanjiao pathogenic heat and all Wind conditions. Also treats severe Wind with Phlegm-Excess, heavy head and eyes, limb stiffness, phlegm-saliva congestion, intestinal-stomach dryness and knotting, and difficulty in urination and defecation.
Ingredients: Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), Xijiao (Rhinocerotis Cornu) (each 1 liang), Renshen (2 liang), Dahuang (8 liang), Heiqianniu (Pharbitidis Semen Nigrum, 20 liang).
Process: Mix with Heiqianniu and grind into fine powder. Make pills the size of wutong seeds using refined honey. Take 15-20 pills at bedtime with warm water. Adjust dosage based on deficiency or excess.