口糜龈烂火之炎，只盼慈云甘露饮沾，喉痹生蛾导赤散，四逆（通脉四逆汤加桔梗，或桂
附八味汤冷服）从治（以热攻热，谓之从治）继针砭。
吐血、咯血、咳血、鼻衄、齿衄、血衄、大便血、血淋、血崩等证，皆为血不循经之病。经者
，常也，血所常行之路也。血生于中焦，半随冲任而行于经络，半散于脉中，而充肌腠皮毛
。若外有所感，内有所伤，则血不循经道而行，从上而溢，则为吐血、咳血、咯血、鼻衄、
齿衄、舌衄等症；从下而泄，则为大便血、溺血、血淋、妇人血崩等症。不必有五脏六腑之
分也。且五脏有血，六腑无血，观剖诸兽腹，心下夹脊包络中多血，肝内多血，心、脾、肺
、肾中各有血，六腑无血。近时以吐血多者，谓吐胃血，妄甚。谓吐五脏血即死，若吐血崩
下诸证，皆是经络散行之血也。谓因五脏六腑之病而致血则可，谓血从五脏六腑之中而出则
不可也。余读《本草经》，《内经》，《金匮》及《千金》等书，别有所悟。新刮青竹茹一捻
，随宜佐以寒热补泻之品，一服即效。所以然者，人身之脉络不和，则充肤热肉，澹渗皮毛
之血，不循行其常道，则上吐衄而下崩中。今得竹茹以和之，是以竹之脉络，通人之脉络而
为治也。若从风寒得者，麻黄汤加味可用。若从酷得暑者，竹叶石膏汤、白虎汤、六一散可
用。若从秋燥得者，泻白散可用。诸经之火炽甚者，四生丸可用，六味地黄汤亦可偶服，皆
治标之剂也。若固元汤之平补，理中汤之温补，甘草干姜汤之补其上，黄土汤之益其中、下
，与《褚氏遗书》所言“血虽阴类，运之者其阳和”二句，均得各大家不言之秘。余于此证
各方，俱加鲜竹茹三、四钱，为效甚速，或另以大黄桃仁行血破滞之剂，折其锐气。滑伯仁
云∶“血既妄行，遗失故道，不去血行瘀，则以妄为常，曷以御之，且去者自去，生者自生
，何虚之有。”尤在泾曰∶去者自去，生者自生，人易知也。瘀者未去，则新者不守，人未
易知也。细心体验，自见此证不专属于热。因《内经》有不远热则热至，血淫、血泄之病生
句，故列于热证。
口糜（口腔黏膜溃烂）和牙龈腐烂是火邪上炎所致，只盼能像慈云降下甘露一样，用滋阴降火的方剂来滋润。喉痹（咽喉肿痛闭塞）生蛾（扁桃体肿大如蚕蛾），可用导赤散治疗；若属真寒假热之证，则采用四逆汤（此处指通脉四逆汤加桔梗，或桂附八味汤冷服）进行从治（以热药治热证，即反佐法），随后配合针刺或砭石放血疗法。
吐血、咯血、咳血、鼻衄（鼻出血）、齿衄（牙龈出血）、各种血衄、大便下血、血淋（尿血伴疼痛）、血崩（妇女非经期大量阴道出血）等病症，都是血液不遵循正常经脉运行的疾病。“经”就是常道，是血液通常行走的路径。血液产生于中焦脾胃，一半随着冲脉和任脉在经络中运行，一半散布在脉管之中，从而充养肌肉、腠理和皮毛。如果外感邪气或内伤情志饮食，导致血液不循常道而行，向上溢出，就会表现为吐血、咳血、咯血、鼻衄、齿衄、舌衄等症状；向下泄漏，就会表现为大便出血、溺血（尿血）、血淋、妇女血崩等症状。这并不必区分是哪一脏哪一腑的病变。况且五脏有血，六腑无血，观察剖开的兽类腹部，心下夹脊的心包络中多血，肝脏内多血，心、脾、肺、肾中各有血，而六腑中没有血。近代有人将吐血量多者称为“吐胃血”，这种说法非常荒谬。如果说吐出五脏的血就会死亡，那么吐血、崩漏下血等各种病症，其实都是经络中散行的血液。说因为五脏六腑的疾病导致出血是可以的，但说血液是从五脏六腑内部直接流出则是错误的。我阅读《本草经》、《内经》、《金匮要略》及《千金方》等书籍后，另有领悟。取新刮的青竹茹一把，根据病情适当配合寒热补泻的药物，服用一次即可见效。之所以这样，是因为人体脉络不和，导致充养皮肤、温热肌肉、渗透皮毛的血液，不循行其正常道路，就会上部吐血衄血，下部崩漏便血。现在用竹茹来调和它，是利用竹子的脉络来疏通人体的脉络从而进行治疗。如果是因风寒引起的，可以使用加味的麻黄汤。如果是因酷暑暑热引起的，可以使用竹叶石膏汤、白虎汤、六一散。如果是因秋季燥邪引起的，可以使用泻白散。各经火邪炽盛严重的，可以使用四生丸，六味地黄汤也可以偶尔服用，这些都是治标的方剂。至于固元汤的平和补益，理中汤的温中补虚，甘草干姜汤补益上焦，黄土汤补益中下焦，以及《褚氏遗书》所说的“血虽属阴类，推动它的却是阳气的和顺”这两句话，都包含了各位医家不言自明的秘诀。我对于这类病症的各个方剂中，都加入鲜竹茹三到四钱，疗效非常迅速；或者另外使用大黄、桃仁等行血破滞的药物，以挫败其锐气。滑伯仁说：“血液既然妄行，遗失了原有的轨道，如果不去除血行中的瘀滞，就会把妄行当作常态，用什么来抵御呢？而且流失的自会流失，新生的自会新生，哪里会有虚损呢？”尤在泾说：流失的自会流失，新生的自会新生，人们容易知道这一点。但如果瘀血未去，新的血液就无法安居，这一点人们却不容易知道。细心体会，自然可以看出此证并不专属于热证。因为《内经》中有“不远热则热至，血淫、血泄之病生”的句子，所以将其列在热证之中。
Mouth ulcers (oral mucosal ulceration) and gingival rot are caused by the flaming up of fire pathogen. One can only hope for the nourishment akin to sweet dew descending from benevolent clouds, using yin-nourishing and fire-descending formulas. For throat obstruction (sore throat with swelling and blockage) presenting with "moths" (tonsillar hypertrophy), Daochi San (Guide Out the Red Powder) should be used; if it is a case of true cold with false heat, Sizni Tang (Four Reversal Decoction—specifically Tongmai Sizni Tang with Jiegeng or Guifu Bawei Tang taken cold) should be employed for congruent treatment (treating heat syndrome with hot medicine, i.e., reverse supplementation), followed by acupuncture or bian stone bloodletting therapy.
Hematemesis (vomiting blood), hemoptysis (coughing up blood), expectoration of blood, epistaxis (nosebleed), dental bleeding, various forms of sanguineous discharge, hematochezia (blood in stool), strangury with blood (dysuria with hematuria), and metrorrhagia (profuse vaginal bleeding in women not during menstruation) are all conditions where blood fails to follow its normal meridians. "Jing" (Meridian/Vessel) refers to the constant path, the route where blood normally travels. Blood is generated in the Middle Jiao (Spleen and Stomach); half flows through the Chong and Ren vessels within the meridians, while the other half disperses within the pulse vessels to nourish muscles, interstices, and skin and hair. If affected by external pathogens or internal injuries (such as emotional or dietary factors), blood may deviate from its normal course. Overflowing upwards results in symptoms such as hematemesis, hemoptysis, expectoration of blood, epistaxis, dental bleeding, and lingual bleeding; leaking downwards results in hematochezia, hematuria, strangury with blood, and metrorrhagia. These need not be distinguished by specific Zang or Fu organs. Furthermore, the Five Zang organs contain blood, while the Six Fu organs do not. Observing dissected animal abdomens, the Pericardium located below the heart and adjacent to the spine contains much blood, the Liver contains much blood, and the Heart, Spleen, Lungs, and Kidneys each contain blood, whereas the Six Fu organs lack blood. In recent times, some have erroneously claimed that profuse vomiting of blood constitutes "vomiting stomach blood," which is highly absurd. While it is said that vomiting blood from the Five Zang organs leads to death, conditions like hematemesis and metrorrhagia actually involve blood circulating diffusely within the meridians. It is acceptable to attribute these hemorrhages to diseases of the Zang and Fu organs, but incorrect to claim that the blood originates directly from within the viscera themselves. After studying texts such as *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica), *Neijing* (Inner Canon), *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions of the Golden Cabinet), and *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold), I gained further insights. Taking a handful of freshly scraped Qingzhuru (Green Bamboo Shavings) and appropriately combining it with herbs for clearing heat, warming cold, tonifying deficiency, or draining excess, one dose often yields immediate effect. The reason is that when the body's meridians are disharmonious, the blood responsible for nourishing the skin, warming the flesh, and permeating the pores fails to follow its normal course, leading to upper hemorrhages (vomiting blood and nosebleeds) and lower collapse (metrorrhagia). By using Zhuru (Bamboo Shavings) to harmonize this, we utilize the meridian-like structure of bamboo to unblock human meridians for treatment. If caused by Wind-Cold, a modified Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) can be used. If caused by intense Summerheat, Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction), Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction), or Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder) can be used. If caused by Autumn Dryness, Xiebai San (Drain White Powder) can be used. For severe blazing fire in any meridian, Sisheng Wan (Four Generations Pill) can be used, and Liuwei Dihuang Tang (Six-Ingredient Rehmannia Pill) may also be taken occasionally; these are all symptomatic treatments. Regarding Yuanqi-tonifying approaches, Guyuan Tang's mild tonification, Lizhong Tang's warming tonification, Gancao Ganjiang Tang's tonification of the Upper Jiao, and Huangtu Tang's benefit to the Middle and Lower Jiao, along with the two lines from *Chushi Yishu* stating "Blood belongs to Yin, yet it is moved by the harmony of Yang," all embody the unspoken secrets of great masters. In my prescriptions for these conditions, I always add 3 to 4 qian of fresh Zhuru, achieving rapid efficacy; alternatively, one may use agents containing Dahuang (Rhubarb Root) and Taoren (Peach Seed) to move blood and break stagnation, thereby curbing their aggressive nature. Hua Borren stated: "Since blood has wandered wildly and lost its original path, if one does not remove the stasis within the erratic flow, the abnormal will become the norm, and how can one control it? Moreover, what is lost will continue to be lost, and what is new will continue to generate; where is the deficiency?" You Zaijing remarked: That what is lost continues to be lost and what is new continues to generate is easily understood by people. However, that if stasis remains, new blood cannot take residence is not easily understood. Careful observation reveals that this condition does not belong exclusively to Heat syndromes. Because *Neijing* states, "If one does not avoid heat, heat arrives, and diseases of blood flooding and blood leakage arise," it has been categorized under Heat syndromes.