疝气者，睾丸肿大而痛也。其证虽属肝肾之邪，而实原于任脉。《经》云∶任脉为病，男子内结七疝
是也。水寒木郁，阴气结滞，乃成此证。法宜温水木之寒，散肾肝之结，则疝气自消矣。如寒疝腹中痛，逆
冷手足不仁者，以乌头桂枝汤加味主之。如寒疝，宜去湿调气者，以五苓散加味主之。外法以锻石敷之。如
狐疝之偏，有大小，时时上下者，用蜘蛛散亦良。
乌头桂枝加味汤
乌头（三钱泡） 桂枝（三钱） 芍药（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 生姜（三钱） 吴茱萸
（三钱泡） 泽泻（三钱） 大枣（四枚） 水煎大半杯，温服。其臃肿偏坠者，用此药煎汤热洗之。
或用药末盛带中热熨之，日作数次，令其囊消而止。
五苓散
（方见痰饮） 加小茴木香、木通、金铃子，如痛甚须防其溃烂，加金银花为君，再加乳
香、没药为佐。如麻木不痛，恐为 疝，宜加桃仁、附子、荜茇、沙参、蒺藜，蜜丸，盐汤送下。
外治法
用雄黄（一两），矾石（二两），甘草（五钱），煮汤洗之。
蜘蛛散
蜘蛛（十四枚焦炒） 桂枝（五分） 研末，取八分一匕，饮和，日再服，蜜丸亦可。
奔豚者，肾之积也。缘阴气凝聚，结于少腹，坚实牢硬，有时逢郁则发，奔腾逆上，势如惊豚。
腹胁心胸，诸病皆作，气冲咽喉，七窍火发，危困欲死，不可支也。其将发之时，则脐下悸作，凡惊悸
一生，即为奔豚欲发之兆也。如汗后亡阳，脐下悸动，奔豚欲作者，以茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤主之。如奔
豚方作，气从少腹上冲心部者，以桂枝加桂汤主之。如奔豚盛作，气上冲胸，头疼腹痛，往来寒热者，以
奔豚汤主之。
茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤
茯苓（一两） 桂枝（四钱） 甘草（二钱） 大枣（十五枚） 甘澜水四杯，先煎
茯苓，减二杯，入诸药煎大半杯，温服，日三服。作甘澜水法，大盆置水，以勺扬之，千百遍，令水珠散
乱，千颗相逐，乃取用之。
桂枝加桂汤
即桂枝汤再加桂枝二钱
奔豚汤
甘草（二钱） 半夏（四钱） 芍药（二钱） 当归（二钱） 黄芩（二钱） 生姜（四钱） 芎
（二
钱） 生葛（五钱） 甘李根白皮（三钱） 水煎大半杯，温服。
疝气，是指睾丸肿大且疼痛的症状。虽然这种病症在证候上归属于肝肾的邪气，但实际上根源在于任脉。《黄帝内经》中说：“任脉发生病变，男子体内会结聚成七种疝气”，指的就是这种情况。由于水寒之气导致肝木郁滞，阴气凝结阻滞，从而形成此病。治疗法则应当温散肾与肝的寒邪，消散肾肝的结滞，那么疝气自然就会消除。如果是寒疝引起腹部疼痛，伴有手足逆冷、麻木不仁的情况，以加味的乌头桂枝汤为主方进行治疗。如果是寒疝，需要祛湿调气的，以加味的五苓散为主方。外治法可以用锻石（经过煅烧处理的矿物药）敷贴患处。如果是狐疝，表现为时大时小、上下移动且偏于一侧的，使用蜘蛛散效果也很好。
乌头桂枝加味汤
乌头（三钱，浸泡） 桂枝（三钱） 芍药（三钱） 甘草（二钱） 生姜（三钱） 吴茱萸（三钱，浸泡） 泽泻（三钱） 大枣（四枚）。用水煎煮至大半杯，温服。对于肿胀偏坠的情况，用此药煎汤热敷患处。或者将药末装入布袋中热熨，每天多次，直到阴囊消肿为止。
五苓散
（方剂见“痰饮”章节）加入小茴香、木香、木通、金铃子；如果疼痛剧烈，须防止溃烂，加入金银花作为主药，再加乳香、没药作为辅助药。如果出现麻木而不痛，恐怕是疝气恶变，宜加入桃仁、附子、荜茇、沙参、蒺藜，制成蜜丸，用盐汤送服。
外治法
用雄黄（一两）、矾石（二两）、甘草（五钱），煮汤清洗患处。
蜘蛛散
蜘蛛（十四枚，炒焦） 桂枝（五分）。研成粉末，每次取八分之一匕的量，用水调和服用，每天两次，也可以制成蜜丸。
奔豚，是肾脏的积病。由于阴气凝聚，结聚于少腹部位，质地坚实牢硬，有时遇到情绪郁结就会发作，气机奔腾逆上，气势如同受惊奔跑的小猪。此时腹部、胁肋、心胸等部位的病症都会发作，气冲咽喉，七窍如火般发热，病情危重痛苦难忍，难以支撑。在即将发作的时候，脐下会有悸动感，凡是容易惊恐心悸的人，就是奔豚即将发作的先兆。如果是发汗后阳气亡失，脐下悸动，奔豚将要发作的，以茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤为主方。如果是奔豚刚开始发作，气从少腹向上冲击心部的，以桂枝加桂汤为主方。如果是奔豚剧烈发作，气上冲胸，伴有头痛腹痛、忽冷忽热的，以奔豚汤为主方。
茯苓桂枝甘草大枣汤
茯苓（一两） 桂枝（四钱） 甘草（二钱） 大枣（十五枚）。用甘澜水四杯，先煎茯苓，减至二杯，再加入其他药物煎煮至大半杯，温服，每天三次。制作甘澜水的方法：在大盆中盛水，用勺子反复扬水千百遍，使水珠散乱，千颗相逐，然后取用。
奔豚汤
甘草（二钱） 半夏（四钱） 芍药（二钱） 当归（二钱） 黄芩（二钱） 生姜（四钱） 川芎（二钱） 生葛根（五钱） 甘李根白皮（三钱）。用水煎煮至大半杯，温服。
Shanqi (Hernia), characterized by swelling and pain of the testicles, although its syndrome belongs to the pathogenic factors of the Liver and Kidney, actually originates from the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel). The *Classic* states: "When the Ren Mai is diseased, seven types of Shanqi (hernias) form internally in men," which refers to this condition. Due to cold water causing stagnation of Wood (Liver), Yin Qi (Cold-Dampness) condenses and obstructs, thereby forming this syndrome. The treatment principle should be to warm and dispel the cold of the Kidney and Liver, and dissipate the stagnation of the Kidney and Liver, so that Shanqi will naturally subside. If it is Hanhan (Cold Hernia) causing abdominal pain with counterflow coldness and numbness of the hands and feet, a modified Wutou Guizhi Tang (Aconite Twig Decoction) should be used as the main formula. If it is Cold Hernia requiring dampness removal and Qi regulation, a modified Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) should be used. For external treatment, Duanshi (Calcined Mineral Drug) can be applied as a poultice. If it is Huxian (Fox Hernia), presenting with asymmetry, varying size, and frequent upward and downward movement, Zhizhu San (Spider Powder) is also effective.
Modified Wutou Guizhi Tang
Wutou (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, 3 qian, soaked) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 3 qian) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 3 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 3 qian) Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus, 3 qian, soaked) Zexie (Alismatis Rhizoma, 3 qian) Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 4 pieces). Decoct in water until half a cup remains, take warm. For cases with swelling and pendulous heaviness, use this decoction for hot washing. Alternatively, place the powdered medicine in a bag for hot compresses, several times a day, until the scrotum subsides.
Wuling San
(See formula under "Phlegm-Fluid Retention") Add Xiaohui Xiang (Foeniculi Fructus), Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Jinlingzi (Meliosmae Fructus). If pain is severe, preventing ulceration is necessary; add Jinyinhua (Lonicerae Japonicae Flos) as the sovereign herb, plus Ruxiang (Olibanum) and Moyao (Myrrha) as minister herbs. If there is numbness without pain, fearing malignant transformation of hernia, add Taoren (Persicae Semen), Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), Bibo (Piperis Longi Fructus), Shashen (Glehniae Radix), Jili (Tribuli Fructus), make honey pills, and swallow with salted water.
External Treatment Method
Use Xionghuang (Realgar, 1 liang), Fanshi (Alumen, 2 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 5 qian), boil in water and wash the affected area.
Zhizhu San
Zhizhu (Araneus, 14 pieces, fried until charred) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 5 fen). Grind into powder, take one-eighth of a bi (spoonful), mix with water and drink, twice daily. Honey pills are also acceptable.
Ben Tun (Running Piglet), is an accumulation disease of the Kidney. It arises from the condensation of Yin Qi, knotting in the lower abdomen, becoming solid and hard. Sometimes triggered by emotional depression, it erupts and rushes upward, resembling a startled running piglet. During such episodes, diseases in the abdomen, flanks, chest, and heart all manifest; Qi rushes to the throat, fire erupts in the seven orifices, the condition is critical and agonizing, unbearable. At the time of impending attack, palpitations occur below the umbilicus. Anyone prone to fright and palpitations shows signs of impending Ben Tun. If after sweating Yang is lost, with palpitations below the umbilicus and impending Ben Tun, Fuling Guizhi Gancao Dazao Tang (Poria, Cinnamon Twig, Licorice, and Jujube Decoction) is indicated. If Ben Tun is just starting, with Qi rushing from the lower abdomen to the heart region, Guizhi Jia Gui Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction with Additional Cinnamon Twig) is indicated. If Ben Tun is severely active, with Qi rushing to the chest, headache, abdominal pain, and alternating chills and fever, Bentun Tang (Running Piglet Decoction) is indicated.
Fuling Guizhi Gancao Dazao Tang
Fuling (Poria, 1 liang) Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 4 qian) Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian) Dazao (Jujubae Fructus, 15 pieces). Use Ganlan Shui (Ganlan Water/Gliding Water, 4 cups). First decoct Fuling until reduced by two cups, then add other herbs and decoct until half a cup remains. Take warm, three times daily. Method for making Ganlan Water: Place water in a large basin, ladle it up and down thousands of times until the water droplets are scattered and chasing each other, then use it.
Guizhi Jia Gui Tang
This is Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) with an additional 2 qian of Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus).
Bentun Tang
Gancao (Licorice Root, 2 qian) Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, 4 qian) Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 2 qian) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix, 2 qian) Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 qian) Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 4 qian) Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma, 2 qian) Shengge (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, 5 qian) Gan Li Gen Bai Pi (Cortex Pruni Spinosae Albus, 3 qian). Decoct in water until half a cup remains, take warm.