阳明中风，脉弦浮大，而短气，腹都满，胁下及心痛，久按之气不通，鼻干不得汗，嗜卧，一身及面目
悉黄，小便难，有潮热，耳前后肿，刺之小瘥。外不解，病过十日，脉续浮者，与小柴胡汤。阳明病，发
潮热，大便溏，小便自可，胸胁满不去者，小柴胡汤主之。阳明病，胁下硬满，不大便，而呕，舌上白苔
者，可与小柴胡汤。伤寒五六日中风，寒热往来，胸胁苦满，嘿嘿不欲饮食，心烦喜呕，或心中烦而不呕
，或渴，或腹中痛，或胁下痞硬，或心下悸，小便不利，或不渴，身有微热者，或咳者，小柴胡汤主之。
血弱气尽、腠里开，邪气因入，与正气相搏，结于胁下。正邪分争，往来寒热，休作有时，默默不欲饮食
。脏腑相连，其痛必下，邪高痛下，故使呕也，小柴胡汤主之。伤寒中风，有柴胡证，但见一证便是，不
必悉具。伤寒四五日，身热恶寒，颈项强，胁下满，手足温而渴者，小柴胡汤主之。呕而发热者，小柴胡汤
主之。太阳病十日已去，脉浮细而嗜卧者，外已解也。设胸满腹痛者，与小柴胡汤。伤寒阳脉
涩，阴脉弦，法当腹中急痛者，先用小建中汤不瘥者，与小柴胡汤主之。伤寒五六日，头汗出，微恶
寒，手足冷，心下满，口不欲食，大便硬，脉细者，此为阳微结，必有表，复有里也，脉沉亦在里也。
汗出为阳微，假令纯阴结，不得复有外证，悉入在里。此为半在表半在里也。脉虽沉紧，不得为少阴病
，所以然者，阴不得有汗，今头汗出，故知非少阴也，可与小柴胡汤。设不了了者，得屎而解。妇人中
风七八日，续得寒热，发作有时，经水适断者，此为热入血室，其血必结，故使如疟状，发作有时，小柴胡
汤主之。妇人中风，发热恶寒，经水适来，得之七八日，热除而脉迟身凉，胸胁下满，如结胸状；谵语者，
此为热入血室，当刺期门，随其实而泄之。妇人伤寒发热，经水适来，昼日明了，暮则谵语，如见鬼状者，
此为热入血室，无犯胃气及上二焦，则自愈。本太阳病不解，转入少阳者，胁下硬满，干呕不能食，往来
寒热，尚未吐下，脉沉紧者，与小柴胡汤。凡柴胡汤病证而下之，若柴胡证不罢者，复与柴胡汤，必蒸蒸
而振，却发热汗出而解。伤寒瘥以后，更发热者，小柴胡主之。
按少阳证在半表半里之间，里阴虚将入阳明之腑，里阳虚将入太阴之脏，固不仅为表证也，然用柴芩，
终为清解之法，用里药不过预塞其去路耳，故以表热证属之。
小柴胡汤
柴胡（四钱） 黄芩（一钱五分） 甘草（一钱五分炙） 人参（一钱五分） 生姜
（一钱五分） 半夏（二钱） 大枣（二枚） 水二杯，煎一杯半，去滓，再煎八分，温服。若胸中烦而
不呕者，去半夏、人参加栝蒌（二钱）。若渴者，去半夏，加人参（五分）、栝蒌根二钱。若腹中痛者
，去黄芩，加白芍药（一钱五分）。若胁下痞硬，去大枣，加牡蛎二三钱。若心下悸而小便不利者，去
黄芩加茯苓二钱。若不渴，外有微热者，去人参加桂枝（一钱五分），温覆取微似汗。若咳者，去人参、大
枣、生姜加五味子七
分、干姜一钱。按少阳中郁，表里不和，故用柴芩清半表而泻甲木，参甘大枣温半里而补己土，生姜半夏
降胃逆而止呕吐也。
阳明中风，脉象弦、浮、大，伴有呼吸短促，腹部全面胀满，胁下及心胸部疼痛，长时间按压后气机仍不通畅，鼻干且无汗，嗜睡，全身及面目全部发黄，小便困难，有定时发热的潮热症状，耳前耳后肿胀，经过针刺治疗后病情稍有好转。若表证仍未解除，病程超过十天，脉搏依然浮的，给予小柴胡汤治疗。
阳明病，出现定时发热的潮热，大便稀溏，小便正常，胸胁部胀满感持续不消退的，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
阳明病，胁下硬满，大便不通，且有呕吐，舌苔白的，可以给予小柴胡汤。
伤寒或中风五六天后，出现忽冷忽热的寒热往来，胸胁部苦闷胀满，神情沉默不想饮食，心烦喜呕；或者心中烦闷但不呕吐，或者口渴，或者腹中疼痛，或者胁下痞塞硬满，或者心下悸动，小便不利，或者口不渴，身体有轻微发热，或者咳嗽的，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
人体血弱气尽，腠理（皮肤纹理及汗孔）开泄，邪气乘虚而入，与正气相搏结，郁结于胁下。正邪分争，导致寒热往来，发作和休止都有定时，神情沉默不想饮食。脏腑相连，疼痛部位往往在下，邪气在上而疼痛在下，因此引起呕吐，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
伤寒或中风，只要有柴胡证的表现，只要见到其中一个证候即可确诊，不必所有症状都具备。
伤寒四五日，身体发热恶寒，颈项强直，胁下胀满，手足温暖且口渴的，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
太阳病十天以上，脉搏浮细且嗜睡的，说明表证已解。如果伴有胸满腹痛的，给予小柴胡汤。
伤寒脉象阳部涩、阴部弦，按照法度应当腹中急痛的，先用小建中汤治疗，若不愈的，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
伤寒五六日，头部出汗，轻微恶寒，手足冰冷，心下胀满，口中不想进食，大便坚硬，脉象细的，这属于阳气微结，既有表证又有里证，脉沉也说明病在里。出汗为阳气微结，假如是纯阴结，就不会再有外证，症状完全入里。这属于半在表半在里。脉象虽然沉紧，不能诊断为少阴病，之所以这样判断，是因为少阴病通常不应有汗，现在头部出汗，所以知道不是少阴病，可以给予小柴胡汤。如果病情仍不清爽，通过排便即可缓解。
妇女中风七八天，持续出现寒热，发作有定时，月经恰好中断的，这属于热入血室，血液必然凝结，因此导致像疟疾一样的症状，发作有定时，以小柴胡汤为主治方剂。
妇女中风，发热恶寒，月经恰好来潮，得病七八天，热退脉迟身凉，胸胁下胀满，像结胸证的样子；如果有谵语（神志不清，胡言乱语），这属于热入血室，应当针刺期门穴，随其实证而泻之。
妇女伤寒发热，月经恰好来潮，白天神志清楚，傍晚则谵语，如见鬼状，这属于热入血室，不要侵犯胃气及上二焦，自愈。
原本太阳病未解，转入少阳的，胁下硬满，干呕不能食，寒热往来，尚未使用吐法或下法，脉象沉紧的，给予小柴胡汤。
凡是柴胡汤证误用下法，如果柴胡证未罢的，再次给予柴胡汤，病人必定会出现蒸蒸然振栗，随后发热出汗而病解。
按：少阳证位于半表半里之间，里阴虚将传入阳明之腑，里阳虚将传入太阴之脏，固不仅为表证，然而使用柴胡、黄芩，终究是清解之法，使用里药不过是预先堵塞其传变之路罢了，故将其归属于表热证。
小柴胡汤
柴胡（四钱） 黄芩（一钱五分） 甘草（一钱五分，炙） 人参（一钱五分） 生姜（一钱五分） 半夏（二钱） 大枣（二枚）。水二杯，煎至一杯半，去渣滓，再煎至八分，温服。如果胸中烦闷但不呕吐的，去掉半夏、人参，加入栝蒌（二钱）。如果口渴的，去掉半夏，加入人参（五分）、栝蒌根二钱。如果腹中疼痛的，去掉黄芩，加入白芍药（一钱五分）。如果胁下痞塞硬满的，去掉大枣，加入牡蛎二三钱。如果心下悸动且小便不利的，去掉黄芩，加入茯苓二钱。如果不口渴，体表有轻微发热的，去掉人参，加入桂枝（一钱五分），覆盖衣被取微微似汗。如果咳嗽的，去掉人参、大枣、生姜，加入五味子七分、干姜一钱。按：少阳中气郁滞，表里不和，故用柴胡、黄芩清解半表并泻甲木（胆火），用人参、甘草、大枣温补半里并补己土（脾土），用生姜、半夏降胃逆而止呕吐。
Yangming Wind-Stroke, with pulse string-taut, floating, and large, accompanied by shortness of breath, general abdominal fullness, pain in the hypochondrium and heart region, where qi flow remains blocked even after prolonged pressing, dry nose without sweat, lethargy, complete yellowing of the whole body and face, difficulty in urination, tidal fever (fever occurring at regular times), swelling before and behind the ears, which improves slightly after acupuncture. If the exterior syndrome is not yet resolved, and the disease has lasted more than ten days, but the pulse continues to be floating, administer Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
In Yangming Disease, if there is tidal fever, loose stools, normal urination, and persistent fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
In Yangming Disease, if there is hardness and fullness in the hypochondrium, constipation, vomiting, and a white coating on the tongue, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) may be administered.
After five or six days of Cold Damage or Wind-Stroke, if there are alternating chills and fever, bitter fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, silence with lack of desire for food, irritability and frequent vomiting; or alternatively, irritability in the heart without vomiting, thirst, abdominal pain, palpable hardness in the hypochondrium, palpitations in the epigastrium, difficulty in urination, absence of thirst, slight fever on the body, or cough, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
When blood is weak and qi is exhausted, the couli (skin texture and pores) open, allowing pathogenic factors to enter and contend with healthy qi, knotting in the hypochondrium. The contention between healthy and pathogenic qi causes alternating chills and fever, occurring at specific times, along with silence and lack of desire for food. Since the zang-fu organs are connected, pain must manifest below; pathogenic factors are high while pain is low, thus causing vomiting. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
In Cold Damage or Wind-Stroke, if there are Chai Hu (Bupleurum) patterns, observing just one symptom is sufficient for diagnosis; it is not necessary for all symptoms to be present.
After four or five days of Cold Damage, if there is body heat with aversion to cold, stiffness in the neck and nape, fullness in the hypochondrium, warm hands and feet, and thirst, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
If there is vomiting with fever, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
If Taiyang Disease has passed ten days, and the pulse is floating and fine with lethargy, the exterior has been resolved. If there is chest fullness and abdominal pain, administer Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
In Cold Damage, if the yang pulse is choppy and the yin pulse is string-taut, according to the method, there should be acute pain in the abdomen. First use Xiao Jian Zhong Tang (Minor Construct the Middle Decoction); if it does not improve, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
After five or six days of Cold Damage, if there is sweating only on the head, slight aversion to cold, cold hands and feet, fullness in the epigastrium, lack of desire to eat, hard stools, and a fine pulse, this is called Yang Wei Jie (Yang Micro-Knotting). There is both an exterior and an interior aspect; a deep pulse also indicates the interior. Sweating indicates Yang micro-knotting. If it were pure Yin Knotting, there would be no exterior signs, as everything would be internal. This is half-exterior and half-interior. Although the pulse is deep and tight, it cannot be Shaoyin Disease because yin conditions generally do not have sweating; since there is head sweating, it is known not to be Shaoyin. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) may be administered. If the patient still feels unwell, relief will come after defecation.
If a woman suffers Wind-Stroke for seven or eight days and subsequently develops alternating chills and fever at regular times, coinciding with the cessation of menstruation, this is Re Ru Xue Shi (Heat Entering the Blood Chamber). The blood must be knotted, causing malaria-like symptoms at regular times. Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
If a woman suffers Wind-Stroke with fever and aversion to cold, coinciding with the onset of menstruation, and after seven or eight days the heat subsides, the pulse becomes slow, and the body cools, but there is fullness in the chest and hypochondrium resembling Jie Xiong (Knotting Chest); if there is delirium, this is Re Ru Xue Shi (Heat Entering the Blood Chamber). One should puncture Qi Men (Liv14) to drain the excess.
If a woman suffers Cold Damage with fever coinciding with menstruation, being lucid during the day but delirious at night, seeing ghosts, this is Re Ru Xue Shi (Heat Entering the Blood Chamber). Do not violate the Stomach Qi or the Upper Two Jiao; it will heal spontaneously.
If original Taiyang Disease does not resolve and transfers to Shaoyang, presenting with hardness and fullness in the hypochondrium, dry retching, inability to eat, alternating chills and fever, without prior emesis or purgation, and a deep-tight pulse, administer Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction).
For any Chai Hu Tang pattern treated incorrectly with purgation, if the Chai Hu pattern persists, administering Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) again will cause shivering and trembling, followed by fever and sweating, leading to resolution.
After recovery from Cold Damage, if fever recurs, Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) is the primary formula.
Note: Shaoyang patterns exist between the exterior and interior. If interior yin is deficient, it will enter the Fu organs of Yangming; if interior yang is deficient, it will enter the Zang organs of Taiyin. Thus, it is not merely an exterior pattern. However, using Chai Hu (Radix Bupleuri) and Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix) is ultimately a clearing and resolving method; using interior medicines merely precludes the path of transmission. Therefore, it is classified under Exterior Heat Patterns.
Xiao Chai Hu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction):
Chai Hu (Bupleuri Radix, 4 qian), Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 1.5 qian), Gan Cao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, 1.5 qian, honey-fried), Ren Shen (Ginseng Radix, 1.5 qian), Sheng Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens, 1.5 qian), Ban Xia (Pinelliae Tuber, 2 qian), Da Zao (Jujubae Fructus, 2 pieces). Boil two cups of water to obtain one and a half cups, remove dregs, decoct again to obtain eight parts, and take warm. If there is irritability in the chest without vomiting, remove Ban Xia and Ren Shen, add Gua Lou (Trichosanthis Fructus, 2 qian). If there is thirst, remove Ban Xia, add Ren Shen (0.5 qian) and Gua Lou Gen (Trichosanthis Radix, 2 qian). If there is abdominal pain, remove Huang Qin, add Bai Shao Yao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, 1.5 qian). If there is palpable hardness in the hypochondrium, remove Da Zao, add Mu Li (Ostreae Concha, 2-3 qian). If there are palpitations and difficulty in urination, remove Huang Qin, add Fu Ling (Poria, 2 qian). If there is no thirst and slight fever on the exterior, remove Ren Shen, add Gui Zhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, 1.5 qian), cover with blankets to induce slight sweating. If there is cough, remove Ren Shen, Da Zao, and Sheng Jiang, add Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Fructus, 0.7 qian) and Gan Jiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma, 1 qian). Note: In Shaoyang, qi stagnation leads to disharmony between exterior and interior. Thus, Chai Hu and Huang Qin clear the semi-exterior and drain Jia Wood (Gallbladder Fire); Ren Shen, Gan Cao, and Da Zao warm the semi-interior and supplement Ji Earth (Spleen Earth); Sheng Jiang and Ban Xia descend rebellious Stomach Qi to stop vomiting.