论
《内经》曰∶诸湿肿满，皆属脾土。又曰∶湿胜则濡泄。地之湿气，感则害人皮肉筋脉、原病式曰∶诸痉强直，积
饮痞膈中满，霍乱吐下，体重，跗肿肉如泥，按之不起，皆属于湿。夫湿之为病，所感不同，有从外感而得之者，有从
内伤而得之者。若居处卑湿之地，与夫道途冲斥风雨，或动作辛苦人，汗沾衣裳，皆湿从外感者也。或恣饮酒浆 酪，
多食柑橘瓜果之类，皆湿从内伤者也。大抵宜发汗及利小便，使上下分消其湿，是其治也。经又曰∶因于湿，首如裹，
湿热不攘，大筋 短，小筋弛长， 短为拘，弛长为痿。因于气，为肿，四维相代，阳气乃竭。丹溪释曰∶湿者，土之
浊气。首为诸阳之会，其位高，其气清，其体虚，故聪明系焉。浊气熏蒸，清道不通，故沉重不利，似乎有物蒙之。失
而不治，湿郁为热，热留不去，热伤血，不能养筋，故为拘挛，湿伤筋，不能束骨，故为痿弱。王注曰∶素尝气疾，湿
热加之，气湿热争，故为肿也。邪气渐盛，正气渐微，阴气衰少，致邪代正，气不宣通，故四维发肿，诸阳受气于四
肢也。但今人见膝间关节肿痛，全以为风，治者多误矣，学人宜详察之。
脉法
《脉经》曰∶湿家为病，一身尽疼，发热而身色似熏黄也。
脉浮而缓，湿在表也。脉沉而缓，湿在里也。或弦而缓，或缓而浮，皆风湿相搏也。
方法
丹溪曰∶六气之中，湿热为病，十居八九。
湿在上，宜微汗而解。经曰湿上甚而热，治以苦温，佐以甘辛，以汗为故而止也。不欲汗多，故不用麻黄、干葛等
剂。湿在中下，宜利小便，此淡渗治湿也。一云∶湿在下，宜升提之。湿有自外而入者，有自内得者，阴雨湿地，皆从
外治，宜汗散，久则疏通渗泄之。
苍术治湿，上下部都可用。一云∶上焦湿，用苍术，其功甚烈。
二陈汤加酒芩、羌活、苍术、木通，散风行湿最妙。
（以上丹溪方法凡四条）
防己黄 汤（金匮） 治风湿，脉浮身重，汗出恶风，或周身疼痛。
防己（三钱） 甘草（一钱五分） 白术（二钱） 黄 （三钱五分）
上细切，作一服，加生姜三片，大枣二枚，水二大盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。喘者，加麻黄。胃气不和，加芍药。
气上冲，加桂枝。下有寒，加细辛。湿胜身重，阳微中风，则汗出恶风，故用黄 、炙甘草以实表，防己、白术以胜湿。
甘草附子汤（仲景） 治风湿相搏，骨节烦疼，掣痛不得屈伸，近之则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不欲
去
衣，或身微肿而痛者。
甘草（炙，二钱） 白术（二钱） 附子（一钱五分） 桂枝（四钱）
上细切，作一服，水煎。《金匮》方∶无桂枝，加生姜、大枣，名曰白术附子汤。
加味五苓散（元戎） 治湿胜身痛，小便不利体重发渴者。
本方中，加羌活一倍是也。
除风湿羌活汤（东垣） 治风湿相搏，一身尽痛。
羌活（七分） 防风 升麻 柴胡（各五分） 本 苍术（各一钱）
上细切，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
羌活胜湿汤（东垣） 治肩背痛，不可回顾。此手太阳气郁而不行，以风药散之。脊痛项强，腰似折，项似拔，
此足太阳经不通行，此药主之。
羌活 独活（各一钱） 本 防风 甘草（炙） 川芎（各五分） 蔓荆子（三分）
上细切，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，食前。如身重腰痛沉沉然，经中有寒湿也，加酒洗汉防己五分，
轻者附子五分，重者川乌五分。
茯苓渗湿汤（东垣） 治湿郁成黄胆，寒热呕吐而渴，身体面目俱黄，小便不利，不思饮食，莫能安卧。
黄芩 黄连 栀子 防己 白术 苍术 陈皮 青皮 枳实（各四分） 赤茯苓 泽泻（各五分） 茵 （六分） 猪
苓（去黑皮，一钱）
上细切，作一服，水二盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
茵 五苓散（局方） 治湿热大胜，黄胆发热。五苓散内，加茵 一倍即是也。
（祖传方）
白术酒 治中湿，遍身疼痛，不能转侧，及皮肉痛，难着席。
白术（一两）
上细切，作一服，无灰老酒一盏半，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
（丹溪活套）云∶湿本为土气，火热则能生湿土，故夏热则万物湿润，秋凉则万物干燥。夫热而怫郁，则生湿也，
因湿生痰，故用二陈汤加酒芩、羌活、防风，去风行湿，盖风药能胜湿也。大抵治湿宜利小便为上策，故曰治湿不利小
便，非其治也。如一身尽痛或无汗，是湿流关节，邪气在表，宜五苓散加羌活、苍术以微汗之，不可大汗，恐汗去而虚
湿仍在也。若自汗多者，宜白术甘草汤。若小便自利清白，大便泄泻，身痛自汗，此为寒湿，宜五苓散加生附、苍术、
木瓜。如风湿身痛，微肿恶风，宜杏仁汤∶官桂五钱，大门冬、芍药、麻黄各二钱五分，杏仁七个，水三盏，姜十片煎，
分二服。又治湿，消肿胀，利小便，健脾胃，葶苈木香散∶葶苈子、茯苓、猪苓、白术各一两，木香、泽泻、木通、甘
草、桂枝各五钱，滑石三两，为末，汤调服。然以上诸方，乃略示其端倪耳，全在活法加减而用之，不可执一论也。夫
治湿者，固当以二术为君，以补脾为主治。然亦有湿盛气满膨胀者，又当以利水行气为先，补脾药又未可遽用。或以二
术为君，而利水药为臣使；或以木通、泽泻、葶苈、草前子等利水药为君，而以茯苓、白术、人参等补脾药为臣使。有
本而标之者，亦有标而本之者。看缓急而施治，则万举万全之功，可立而待也。
论
《黄帝内经》说：各种湿邪导致的肿胀和腹满，都归属于脾土。又说：湿气过盛则导致大便稀溏。大地的湿气，侵入人体就会伤害皮肉筋脉。《原病式》说：各种痉挛强直、水饮积聚、胸膈痞闷胀满、霍乱吐泻、身体沉重、足背浮肿且按之凹陷不起，都属于湿邪致病。湿邪致病，感受途径不同，有从外感而得的，有从内伤而得的。如果居住在低洼潮湿的地方，或者在道路途中遭受风雨侵袭，或者是从事体力劳动辛苦出汗浸湿衣裳的人，这些都是湿邪从外感受所致。如果恣意饮酒浆乳酪，多吃柑橘瓜果之类食物，这些都是湿邪从内伤所致。大体上适宜用发汗和利小便的方法，使湿邪从上、下分消，这是治疗的原则。经文又说：因于湿邪，头部感觉像被包裹一样；湿热不除，大筋收缩变短，小筋松弛变长，大筋短缩导致拘挛，小筋松弛导致痿弱。因于气机阻滞，导致肿胀，四肢交替发病，阳气就会衰竭。朱丹溪解释说：湿，是土的浊气。头为诸阳经交会之处，位置高，气清，体虚，所以听觉视觉等聪明功能系于此。浊气熏蒸，清窍不通，所以感觉沉重不利，好像有东西蒙蔽。如果不及时治疗，湿郁结化为热，热留不去，热伤血，不能滋养筋脉，所以出现拘挛；湿伤筋，不能约束骨骼，所以出现痿弱。王冰注解说：素来有气疾，加上湿热，气与湿热相争，所以出现肿胀。邪气逐渐强盛，正气逐渐微弱，阴气衰少，导致邪气代替正气，气机不宣通，所以四肢发生肿胀，因为诸阳之气受于四肢。但现在的人见到膝关节肿痛，全认为是风邪，治疗者大多误诊，学习者应当详细考察。
脉法
脉象浮而缓，说明湿邪在表。脉象沉而缓，说明湿邪在里。或者脉弦而缓，或者脉缓而浮，都是风湿相搏结的表现。
方法
湿邪在上部，适宜微汗而解。经文说：湿邪在上且热甚，用苦温药治疗，佐以甘辛药，以出汗为度停止。不希望出汗过多，所以不用麻黄、干葛等药剂。湿邪在中下部，适宜利小便，这是淡渗利湿的方法。一说：湿邪在下部，适宜升提。湿邪有从外而入的，有从内而得的，阴雨湿地，都从外治，适宜汗散，日久则疏通渗泄。
苍术治疗湿邪，上下部都可以使用。一说：上焦湿，用苍术，其功效很猛烈。
二陈汤加酒炒黄芩、羌活、苍术、木通，疏散风邪、祛除湿气最好。
（以上丹溪的方法共四条）
防己黄芪汤（出自《金匮要略》） 治疗风湿，脉浮身重，汗出恶风，或周身疼痛。
防己（三钱） 甘草（一钱五分） 白术（二钱） 黄芪（三钱五分）
切碎，作一次服用，加生姜三片，大枣二枚，水两大盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。气喘的，加麻黄。胃气不和的，加芍药。气上冲的，加桂枝。下有寒气的，加细辛。湿气胜导致身重，阳气微弱中风，则汗出恶风，所以用黄芪、炙甘草以充实表气，防己、白术以战胜湿邪。
甘草附子汤（张仲景方） 治疗风湿相搏，骨节烦痛，牵引痛不得屈伸，靠近则痛剧，汗出短气，小便不利，恶风不想脱衣，或身体微肿而痛的。
甘草（炙，二钱） 白术（二钱） 附子（一钱五分） 桂枝（四钱）
切碎，作一次服用，水煎。《金匮要略》方：无桂枝，加生姜、大枣，名叫白术附子汤。
加味五苓散（出自《儒门事亲》） 治疗湿胜身痛，小便不利，身体沉重口渴的。
本方中，加羌活一倍即可。
除风湿羌活汤（李东垣方） 治疗风湿相搏，一身尽痛。
羌活（七分） 防风 升麻 柴胡（各五分） 藁本 苍术（各一钱）
切碎，作一次服用，水两盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
羌活胜湿汤（李东垣方） 治疗肩背痛，不可回头。这是手太阳经气郁而不行，用风药发散。脊痛项强，腰像折断，项像被拔，这是足太阳经不通行，此药主治。
羌活 独活（各一钱） 藁本 防风 甘草（炙） 川芎（各五分） 蔓荆子（三分）
切碎，作一次服用，水两盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服，饭前服用。如果身体沉重腰痛沉沉然，经中有寒湿，加酒洗汉防己五分，轻者加附子五分，重者加川乌五分。
茯苓渗湿汤（李东垣方） 治疗湿郁成黄疸，寒热呕吐而渴，身体面目俱黄，小便不利，不思饮食，不能安卧。
黄芩 黄连 栀子 防己 白术 苍术 陈皮 青皮 枳实（各四分） 赤茯苓 泽泻（各五分） 茵陈（六分） 猪苓（去黑皮，一钱）
切碎，作一次服用，水两盏，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
茵陈五苓散（《局方》） 治疗湿热大胜，黄疸发热。在五苓散内，加茵陈一倍即可。
（祖传方）
白术酒 治疗中湿，遍身疼痛，不能转侧，以及皮肉痛，难着席。
白术（一两）
切碎，作一次服用，无灰老酒一盏半，煎至一盏，去渣温服。
（丹溪活套）说：湿本是土气，火热则能生湿土，所以夏天热则万物湿润，秋天凉则万物干燥。热而怫郁，则生湿，因湿生痰，所以用二陈汤加酒炒黄芩、羌活、防风，疏散风邪、祛除湿气，因为风药能胜湿。大体上治疗湿邪以利小便为上策，所以说治疗湿邪不利小便，不是正确的治疗方法。如果一身尽痛或无汗，是湿流关节，邪气在表，适宜五苓散加羌活、苍术以微汗之，不可大汗，恐怕汗去而虚湿仍在。如果自汗多的，适宜白术甘草汤。如果小便自利清白，大便泄泻，身痛自汗，这是寒湿，适宜五苓散加生附子、苍术、木瓜。如果是风湿身痛，微肿恶风，适宜杏仁汤：官桂五钱，麦冬、芍药、麻黄各二钱五分，杏仁七个，水三盏，姜十片煎，分两次服。又治湿，消肿胀，利小便，健脾胃，葶苈木香散：葶苈子、茯苓、猪苓、白术各一两，木香、泽泻、木通、甘草、桂枝各五钱，滑石三两，研为末，汤调服。然而以上诸方，只是略微展示其端倪罢了，全在于灵活加减运用，不可固执一端而论。治疗湿邪的人，固然应当以二术（苍术、白术）为君药，以补脾为主治。但也有湿盛气满膨胀的，又当以利水行气为先，补脾药又不可以急于使用。或者以二术为君，而利水药为臣使；或者以木通、泽泻、葶苈、车前子等利水药为君，而以茯苓、白术、人参等补脾药为臣使。有先治本后治标的，也有先治标后治本的。看缓急而施治，则万举万全的功效，可以立等而待。
Treatise
The *Huangdi Neijing* (Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon) states: All dampness-induced swelling and fullness belong to Spleen Earth. It also states: Excessive dampness leads to loose stools. The moisture of the earth, when invading the body, harms the skin, flesh, sinews, and vessels. The *Yuan Bing Shi* (Original Causes of Disease) states: Various spasms and rigidity, accumulation of fluid and phlegm, chest and diaphragm stuffiness and fullness, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, heavy body, edema of the dorsum pedis that does not rise upon pressure, all belong to dampness. Diseases caused by dampness vary in their mode of acquisition; some are acquired from external invasion, while others result from internal injury. Dwelling in low-lying, damp places, exposure to wind and rain while traveling, or sweating profusely during hard labor so that clothes become soaked, these are all cases where dampness is contracted externally. Indulging in alcoholic beverages, dairy products, and consuming large amounts of citrus fruits and melons, these are all cases where dampness arises from internal dietary injury. Generally, treatment should employ methods to induce sweating and promote urination, allowing the dampness to be dispersed from above and below; this is the therapeutic principle. The classics further state: Affected by dampness, the head feels as if wrapped; if damp-heat is not cleared, the larger tendons shorten and the smaller tendons relax. Shortening of the larger tendons leads to contracture, while relaxation of the smaller tendons leads to flaccidity. Affected by Qi stagnation, swelling occurs; if the four limbs alternate in affliction, Yang Qi will be exhausted. Zhu Danxi explained: Dampness is the turbid Qi of Earth. The head is the meeting point of all Yang meridians; it is high in position, clear in Qi, and empty in substance, hence hearing and vision depend on it. Turbid Qi steaming upward obstructs the clear orifices, causing a sensation of heaviness and dysfunction, as if covered by an object. If left untreated, dampness stagnates and transforms into heat. Lingering heat damages Blood, which fails to nourish the sinews, resulting in contracture; dampness damages the sinews, failing to bind the bones, resulting in flaccidity. Wang Bing’s commentary states: One who has a pre-existing Qi disorder, when subjected to damp-heat, experiences a struggle between Qi and damp-heat, leading to swelling. As pathogenic factors gradually strengthen and healthy Qi gradually weakens, Yin Qi declines, allowing pathogens to replace healthy Qi. Qi fails to circulate freely, causing swelling in the four limbs, since all Yang Qi originates from the four limbs. However, nowadays people see swelling and pain in the knee joints and attribute it entirely to Wind, leading to frequent misdiagnosis by practitioners. Students should examine this carefully.
Pulse Diagnosis
The *Mai Jing* (Classic of Pulse Diagnosis) states: Patients suffering from dampness experience generalized body pain, fever, and a sallow complexion resembling smoked yellow.
A floating and moderate pulse indicates dampness in the exterior. A deep and moderate pulse indicates dampness in the interior. A wiry and moderate pulse, or a moderate and floating pulse, both indicate the interplay of Wind and Dampness.
Methods
Zhu Danxi stated: Among the Six Qi, diseases caused by damp-heat account for eight or nine out of ten.
For dampness located in the upper part of the body, mild sweating is appropriate to resolve it. The classics state: When dampness is severe in the upper part accompanied by heat, treat with bitter-warm herbs, assisted by sweet-acrid ones, stopping once sweating occurs. Sweating should not be excessive; therefore, herbs like Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) and Puerariae Radix (Gegen) are not used. For dampness in the middle and lower parts, promoting urination is appropriate; this is the method of using bland-draining herbs to eliminate dampness. Another view holds: For dampness in the lower part, lifting and raising is appropriate. Dampness may enter from outside or arise from within. Cases involving rainy seasons or damp environments are treated externally, using dispersing methods via sweating; if chronic, methods to unblock and drain should be employed.
Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) treats dampness and can be used for both upper and lower parts. Another view states: For dampness in the Upper Jiao, Atractylodis Rhizoma is highly effective.
Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) combined with wine-fried Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), and Akebiae Caulis (Mutong) is excellent for dispersing Wind and eliminating dampness.
(Above are four methods from Danxi.)
Fangji Huangqi Tang (Prepared by Zhang Zhongjing in *Jinkui Yaolue*) Treats Wind-Dampness, characterized by a floating pulse, heavy body, sweating, aversion to wind, or generalized body pain.
Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji, 3 qian) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 1.5 qian) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 2 qian) Astragali Radix (Huangqi, 3.5 qian)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose. Add three slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and two dates (Dazao). Boil in two large bowls of water until reduced to one bowl. Strain and take warm. For wheezing, add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang). For disharmony of Stomach Qi, add Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao). For Qi rushing upward, add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi). For cold below, add Asari Radix (Xixin). Excessive dampness causes heaviness; Yang deficiency with Wind-stroke leads to sweating and aversion to wind. Therefore, Astragali Radix (Huangqi) and roasted Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Zhigancao) are used to secure the exterior, while Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji) and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) overcome dampness.
Gancao Fuzi Tang (By Zhang Zhongjing) Treats Wind-Dampness intermingling, causing severe joint pain, pulling pain preventing flexion and extension, exacerbation upon touch, sweating, shortness of breath, difficulty urinating, aversion to wind with reluctance to remove clothing, or slight bodily swelling with pain.
Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Roasted, 2 qian) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 2 qian) Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi, 1.5 qian) Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 4 qian)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose, decoct in water. (*Jinkui Yaolue* formula): Without Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi), add Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang) and dates (Dazao); this is named Baizhu Fuzi Tang.
Jiawei Wuling San (From *Rumen Shiqin*) Treats excessive dampness causing body pain, difficulty urinating, heavy body, and thirst.
Add double the amount of Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) to this base formula.
Chufengshi Qianghuo Tang (By Li Dongyuan) Treats Wind-Dampness intermingling, causing generalized body pain.
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 7 fen) Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) Cimicifugae Rhizoma (Shengma) Bupleuri Radix (Chaihu) (each 5 fen) Ligustici Rhizoma (Gaoben) Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) (each 1 qian)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose. Boil in two bowls of water until reduced to one bowl. Strain and take warm.
Qianghuo Shengshi Tang (By Li Dongyuan) Treats shoulder and back pain with inability to turn the head. This is due to stagnation of Hand Taiyang Qi; use Wind-dispersing herbs. Spine pain and neck stiffness, waist feeling like breaking, neck feeling like pulling, are due to non-circulation of Foot Taiyang Meridian; this formula governs such conditions.
Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duohuo) (each 1 qian) Ligustici Rhizoma (Gaoben) Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Roasted) Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong) (each 5 fen) Viticis Fructus (Manjingzi, 3 fen)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose. Boil in two bowls of water until reduced to one bowl. Strain and take warm before meals. If the body feels heavy and the lower back ache is profound, indicating cold-dampness in the meridians, add wine-washed Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Hanfangji, 5 fen). For mild cases, add Aconiti Radix (Fuzi, 5 fen); for severe cases, add Aconiti Radix (Chuanwu, 5 fen).
Fuling Shenshi Tang (By Li Dongyuan) Treats dampness stagnating into jaundice, with alternating chills and fever, vomiting, thirst, yellowing of the body and face, difficulty urinating, loss of appetite, and inability to lie down comfortably.
Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin) Coptidis Rhizoma (Huanglian) Gardeniae Fructus (Zhizi) Stephaniae Tetrandrae Radix (Fangji) Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium (Chenpi) Citri Reticulatae Viride (Qingpi) Aurantii Fructus Immaturus (Zhishi) (each 4 fen) Poria (Chifuling) Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie) (each 5 fen) Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (Yinchen, 6 fen) Polyporus (Zuling, peeled, 1 qian)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose. Boil in two bowls of water until reduced to one bowl. Strain and take warm.
Yinchen Wuling San (*Ju Fang*) Treats severe damp-heat causing jaundice and fever. Add double the amount of Artemisiae Scopariae Herba (Yinchen) to Wuling San.
(Ancestral Formula)
Baizhu Jiu (Atractylodis Wine) Treats dampness invasion causing generalized body pain, inability to turn, and pain in skin and flesh making it difficult to rest on mats.
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 1 liang)
Finely chop, prepare as one dose. Decoct in one and a half bowls of old wine without ash until reduced to one bowl. Strain and take warm.
(Danxi Huotao) states: Dampness is originally the Qi of Earth. Fire and heat generate damp Earth; thus, summer heat makes all things moist, while autumn coolness makes them dry. Heat constrained and stagnant generates dampness, and dampness generates phlegm. Therefore, Erchen Tang (Two-Cured Decoction) is combined with wine-fried Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin), Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo), and Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng) to disperse Wind and eliminate dampness, because Wind herbs can overcome dampness. Generally, treating dampness by promoting urination is the best strategy; hence it is said that treating dampness without promoting urination is incorrect. If there is generalized body pain or no sweating, dampness flows into the joints, and pathogens are in the exterior. Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) combined with Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo) and Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu) should be used to induce mild sweating. Profuse sweating must be avoided, lest the Wei Qi be depleted while dampness remains. If spontaneous sweating is excessive, Baizhu Gancao Tang (Atractylodis and Licorice Decoction) is appropriate. If urination is clear and abundant, stool is loose, body hurts, and there is spontaneous sweating, this is Cold-Dampness. Wuling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) combined with raw Aconiti Radix (Shengfu), Atractylodis Rhizoma (Cangzhu), and Chaenomelis Fructus (Mugua) is appropriate. For Wind-Dampness body pain, slight swelling, and aversion to wind, Xingren Tang (Apricot Kernel Decoction) is suitable: Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 5 qian), Ophiopogonis Tuber (Mendong), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao), Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) (each 2.5 qian), seven Apricot Kernels (Xingren), boiled in three bowls of water with ten slices of ginger, divided into two doses. To treat dampness, reduce swelling, promote urination, and strengthen the Spleen and Stomach, Tingli Muxiang San (Descurainia and Costus Powder) is used: Descurainiae Semen (Tinglizi), Poria (Fuling), Polyporus (Zuling), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu) (each 1 liang), Costi Radix (Muxiang), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie), Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) (each 5 qian), Talcum (Huashi, 3 liang). Grind into powder and take with water. However, the above formulas merely show the beginning principles; full application requires flexible modification. One cannot adhere rigidly to a single theory. In treating dampness, it is indeed proper to make Erzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma and Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) the sovereign herb, focusing on tonifying the Spleen. However, in cases of excessive dampness causing Qi fullness and distension, draining water and moving Qi should come first, and Spleen-tonifying herbs should not be used hastily. Sometimes Erzhu are sovereign, with water-draining herbs as ministers and guides; sometimes water-draining herbs like Akebiae Caulis (Mutong), Alismatis Rhizoma (Zexie), Descurainiae Semen (Tinglizi), and Plantaginis Seed (Cheqianzi) are sovereign, while Spleen-tonifying herbs like Poria (Fuling), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu), and Codonopsis Radix (Renshen) are ministers and guides. There are cases of treating the root first and then the branch, and vice versa. By assessing urgency and applying treatment accordingly, success can be achieved reliably.