《难经》∶所谓偏枯，身偏不用而痛，言不变，志不乱，病在分腠是也。
〔仲〕三黄汤 治中风手足拘急，百节疼痛，烦热，心乱，恶寒，终日不欲饮食。（陈无
择兼半身不遂，失音不言）
黄 （二钱） 独活（四钱） 细辛（二钱） 麻黄（五钱） 黄芩（三钱）
上五味，以水六升，煮取二升。分温作三服。一服小汗，二服大汗。心热加大黄二钱
；腹满加枳实一枚；气逆加人参三钱；悸加牡蛎三钱；渴加栝蒌根三钱；先有寒加附子一枚。
〔洁〕疏风汤 治半身不遂，或肢体麻痹，筋骨疼痛。
麻黄（去节，三两） 益智仁 杏仁（去皮尖，各一两，炒） 甘草（炙） 升麻（各五钱）
上 咀。每服一两，水一小碗，煎至六分，去渣热服。脚蹬热水葫芦，候大汗出，
去葫芦。冬月不可服。
〔海〕拯济换骨丹（自汗者不宜服）
槐皮芎术芷，仙人防首蔓。
十味各停匀，苦味香减半。龙麝加少许，朱砂作衣缠。麻黄膏煎丸，大小如指弹。
上治半身不遂，口眼 斜，手足不仁，言语謇涩，或痛入骨髓，或痹在皮肤，或中
急风涎潮不言，精神昏塞，行步艰难，筋脉拘急，左瘫右痪，一切风疾，并皆治之。
槐荚子（生） 人参 桑白皮 苍术 川芎 何首乌 蔓荆子 威灵仙 防风（各二两） 五
味子 木香 苦参（各一两） 香白芷（二两） 麝香（二钱，另研） 龙脑（二钱） 辰砂（五钱，另研）
上十四味为细末。入麝香令匀，又用麻黄十斤，去根节，用大河水三石三斗，熬至
六斗，去滓再熬，至二斗半，入银石器内熬成膏。入前药末和匀，杵三五千下，每一两作十
丸，朱砂为衣。每服一丸，先捣碎，酒一盏浸，自晨至晚，食后临卧搅匀服之。神清无睡，
是药之验，更隔五日服之。如无汗宜服，若体自汗，服之是重亡津液也。若风盛人，于密室
温卧取汗。
〔罗〕续命丹 治男子妇人卒中诸风，口眼 斜，言语謇涩，牙关紧急，半身不遂，
手足搐搦，顽痹疼痛，涎潮闷乱。妇人血风，喘嗽吐逆，坐卧不宁。
川芎 羌活 南星（姜制） 川乌 白藓皮 海桐皮 肉桂 当归 防风 熟地 干葛（各
一两） 地榆 虎骨 朱砂 铅白霜 乌蛇（生） 牛黄 雄黄（各三钱） 轻粉（二钱） 麻黄（去节，四两）
以好酒三升煮一升，不用麻黄用酒）
上为末，以麻黄酒汁入蜜半斤熬成膏，和药为丸，弹子大。每服一丸，豆淋酒下，或葱
汤化下，不拘时候。中书左丞张仲谦，患半身不遂麻木，太医刘子益与服之，汗大出，一服
而愈。
〔《本》〕服桑枝法 桑枝一小升，细切炒香，以水三大升煎取二升，一日服尽无时。《
图经》云∶桑枝温平，不凉不热，可以常服，疗体中风痒干燥，香港脚风气，四肢拘挛，上
气眼晕，肺气咳嗽，消食，利小便。久服身轻，聪明耳目，令人光泽，兼疗口干。《仙经》
云∶一切仙药不得桑煎不服。出《抱朴子》。政和间何子常病两臂痛，服诸药不效，根据此作
数剂，臂痛即愈。
〔《外》〕疗偏风，半身不遂，冷癖疰。附子一两生用， 咀。纳于无灰酒中，经一
七日，隔日饮之，服一小合瘥。
《难经》说：所谓的偏枯，是指身体一侧不能活动且伴有疼痛，但言语正常，神志清醒，这是病邪在分肉腠理之间。
〔张仲景〕三黄汤：治疗中风导致的手足拘挛急迫，全身关节疼痛，心烦发热，心神慌乱，怕冷，整天不想吃东西。（陈无择补充：兼治半身不遂，失音不能说话）
药材及用量：黄芩（二钱），独活（四钱），细辛（二钱），麻黄（五钱），黄连（二钱）。
以上五味药，用水六升，煮取二升药液。分三次温服。第一次服用后微微出汗，第二次服用后大汗出。如果心中烦热，加大黄二钱；如果腹部胀满，加枳实一枚；如果气机上逆，加人参三钱；如果心悸，加牡蛎三钱；如果口渴，加栝蒌根三钱；如果原本有寒证，加附子一枚。
〔李东垣〕疏风汤：治疗半身不遂，或者肢体麻木，筋骨疼痛。
药材及用量：麻黄（去节，三两），益智仁，杏仁（去皮尖，各一两，炒制），甘草（炙），升麻（各五钱）。
将药物捣碎成粗末。每次服用一两，用水一小碗，煎至六分水量，去渣滓后热服。脚下蹬热水葫芦（一种热敷工具），等待大汗出来后，去掉葫芦。冬季不可服用。
〔朱丹溪〕拯济换骨丹（自汗者不宜服用）
槐皮、川芎、苍术、白芷，仙人（指何首乌）、防风、首乌、蔓荆子。
十味药分量均匀，苦味的药减半。加入少许龙脑和麝香，用朱砂做外衣包裹。用麻黄膏煎煮制成丸药，大小如弹珠。
以上药物主治半身不遂，口眼歪斜，手足麻木不仁，言语謇涩，或者疼痛深入骨髓，或者痹症在皮肤，或者中风口急涎潮不能说话，精神昏沉闭塞，行走困难，筋脉拘挛，左瘫右痪，一切风疾，都予以治疗。
药材及用量：槐荚子（生用），人参，桑白皮，苍术，川芎，何首乌，蔓荆子，威灵仙，防风（各二两），五味子，木香，苦参（各一两），香白芷（二两），麝香（二钱，另研），龙脑（二钱），辰砂（五钱，另研）。
以上十四味药研成细末。加入麝香混合均匀。再用麻黄十斤，去根和节，用大河水三石三斗，熬至六斗，去渣滓再熬，至二斗半，放入银石器内熬成膏状。加入前面的药末混合均匀，杵捣三五千下，每一两药粉做成十丸，用朱砂为衣。每次服用一丸，先捣碎，用一盏酒浸泡，从早晨到晚上，饭后临睡前搅匀服用。服药后神志清明而不想睡觉，是药效的体现，之后每隔五日再服用。如果没有汗宜服用，如果身体自然出汗，服用此药会再次耗伤津液。如果是风邪盛的人，在密室中温暖卧睡以取汗。
〔罗天益〕续命丹：治疗男妇卒中各种风邪，口眼歪斜，言语謇涩，牙关紧急，半身不遂，手足抽搐，顽痹疼痛，涎潮闷乱。妇人血风，喘咳吐逆，坐卧不宁。
药材及用量：川芎，羌活，南星（姜制），川乌，白鲜皮，海桐皮，肉桂，当归，防风，熟地黄，干葛（各一两），地榆，虎骨，朱砂，铅白霜，乌蛇（生用），牛黄，雄黄（各三钱），轻粉（二钱），麻黄（去节，四两）。
用好酒三升煮麻黄至一升（如果不使用麻黄，则直接用酒）。
以上药物研成粉末，用麻黄酒汁加入半斤蜂蜜熬成膏状，与药末混合制成丸药，大小如弹子。每次服用一丸，用豆淋酒送下，或者用葱汤化开送下，不拘泥于具体时间。中书左丞张仲谦，患半身不遂麻木，太医刘子益给他服用此药，大汗出，服用一次而痊愈。
〔《本草衍义》等〕服用桑枝的方法：桑枝一小升，切碎炒香，用水三大升煎取二升药液，一天内随时服完。《图经本草》说：桑枝性温平，不凉不热，可以常服，治疗身体中风瘙痒干燥，脚气风气，四肢拘挛，上气眼晕，肺气咳嗽，消食，利小便。久服身体轻盈，耳目聪明，使人面色光泽，兼治口干。《仙经》说：一切仙药不得桑枝煎煮不服。出自《抱朴子》。政和年间，何子常患两臂疼痛，服用各种药物无效，根据此法制作数剂，臂痛立即痊愈。
〔《外台秘要》〕治疗偏风，半身不遂，冷癖疰病。附子一两生用，捣碎。放入无灰酒中，经过七日，隔天饮用一次，服用一小合即愈。
Nan Jing (Classic of Difficult Issues) states: The so-called Pian Ku (hemiplegia with pain) refers to a condition where one side of the body is unusable and painful, but speech remains unchanged and consciousness is not disturbed; this indicates the disease is located in the fen li (space between muscle and skin).
[Zhang Zhongjing] San Huang Tang (Three Yellows Decoction): Treats stroke causing spasticity and rigidity of hands and feet, pain in all joints, irritability and fever, mental restlessness, aversion to cold, and loss of appetite throughout the day. [Chen Wuze adds: also treats hemiplegia and aphasia.]
Ingredients: Huang Qin (Scutellariae Radix, 2 qian), Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix, 4 qian), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, 5 qian), Huang Lian (Coptidis Rhizoma, 2 qian).
Take the above five herbs, add six sheng of water, and decoct to obtain two sheng of liquid. Divide into three warm doses. After the first dose, slight sweating occurs; after the second dose, profuse sweating occurs. If there is heart heat, add Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, 2 qian); if abdominal fullness, add Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, one piece); if qi rebellion, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix, 3 qian); if palpitations, add Muli (Ostreae Concha, 3 qian); if thirst, add Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix, 3 qian); if pre-existing cold syndrome, add Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata, one piece).
[Li Dongyuan] Shu Feng Tang (Dispersing Wind Decoction): Treats hemiplegia, or limb numbness and paralysis, bone and tendon pain.
Ingredients: Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, de-jointed, 3 liang), Yizhiren (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus), Xingren (Armeniacae Semen Amarum, peeled and removed pits, each 1 liang, stir-fried), Gancao (Liquiritiae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma, each 5 qian).
Crush the herbs into coarse powder. For each dose, take 1 liang, add one small bowl of water, decoct until reduced to 60%, remove dregs, and take hot. Place feet on a hot water gourd (a heating tool), wait for profuse sweating, then remove the gourd. Do not use in winter.
[Zhu Danxi] Zheng Ji Huan Gu Dan (Rescue and Bone-Replacing Pill) (Not suitable for those with spontaneous sweating).
Huai Pi (Sophorae Flavescentis Cortex), Xiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Xian Ren (Polygoni Multiflori Radix, i.e., He Shou Wu), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shou Wu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), Man Jing Zi (Viticis Fructus).
The ten ingredients are balanced in weight; bitter herbs are halved. Add a small amount of Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum) and She Xiang (Moschus). Coat with Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris). Decoct with Mahuang膏 (Ephedra Paste) to form pills, size like a bullet.
Indications: Hemiplegia, facial paralysis (mouth and eye deviation), numbness of hands and feet, dysarthria, pain penetrating to the bone marrow, bi-syndrome in the skin, acute wind-stroke with salivary flooding and inability to speak, mental confusion and obstruction, difficulty walking, tendon and vessel spasm, left flaccid paralysis and right hemiplegia, and all wind diseases.
Ingredients: Huai Jia Zi (Sophorae Japonicae Fructus, raw), Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Sang Bai Pi (Mori Cortex), Cang Zhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), He Shou Wu (Polygoni Multiflori Radix), Man Jing Zi (Viticis Fructus), Wei Ling Xian (Clematidis Radix et Rhizoma), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix, each 2 liang), Wu Wei Zi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus), Mu Xiang (Aucklandiae Radix), Ku Shen (Sophorae Flavescentis Radix, each 1 liang), Xiang Bai Zhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, 2 liang), She Xiang (Moschus, 2 qian, separately ground), Long Nao (Borneolum Syntheticum, 2 qian), Chen Sha (Cinnabaris, 5 qian, separately ground).
Grind the above fourteen herbs into fine powder. Mix evenly with She Xiang. Take 10 jin of Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), remove roots and joints, boil in 3 dan 3 dou of river water until reduced to 6 dou, filter, and continue boiling until reduced to 2.5 dou. Boil down in a silver or earthenware vessel to form a paste. Mix with the herb powder, pound 3,000-5,000 times. Make into ten pills per liang of powder, coat with Zhu Sha. Take one pill per dose, crush it first, soak in one zhan of wine from morning to evening, stir well, and take after meals before bed. A sign of efficacy is clear spirit and lack of sleep. Take again every five days. Suitable for those without sweat; if the body sweats spontaneously, taking this will further deplete fluids. For those with strong wind pathogen, induce sweating by lying warm in a sealed room.
[Luo Tianyi] Xu Ming Dan (Continuing Life Pill): Treats men and women suffering from apoplectic wind-stroke, facial paralysis, dysarthria, lockjaw, hemiplegia, convulsions of hands and feet, stubborn bi-pain, salivary flooding and mental disturbance. Also treats women's blood-wind, wheezing, coughing, vomiting, and restlessness in sitting or lying.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix), Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, ginger-processed), Chuanwu (Aconiti Radix), Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex), Haitongpi (Tsooside Cortex), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Shudi (Rehmanniae Radix Preparata), Gange (Puerariae Lobatae Radix, each 1 liang), Diyu (Sanguisorbae Radix), Hugu (Pantheris Os), Zhu Sha (Cinnabaris), Qian Baishuang (Plumbi Subcarbonas), Wushe (Agkistrodon), Niuhuang (Bovis Calculus, each 3 qian), Qingfen (Calomelas, 2 qian), Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, de-jointed, 4 liang).
Boil Mahuang in 3 sheng of good wine until reduced to 1 sheng (if Mahuang is not used, use wine directly).
Grind all herbs into powder. Use the Mahuang-wine juice and half jin of honey to boil into a paste, mix with the powder to form pills the size of a bullet. Take one pill per dose, wash down with Dou Lin Jiu (bean-dripping wine) or dissolve in scallion soup. Take at any time. Zhang Zhongqian, Left Chancellor of the Secretariat, suffered from hemiplegia and numbness. Imperial Physician Liu Ziyi administered this pill; he sweated profusely and was cured after one dose.
[Ben Cao Yan Yi etc.] Method of consuming Mul Branch: Take one sheng of Sang Zhi (Mori Ramulus), cut finely, stir-fry until fragrant, add 3 sheng of water, decoct to obtain 2 sheng. Drink within one day at any time. Tu Jing Ben Cao states: Sang Zhi is warm and neutral, neither cool nor hot, suitable for long-term consumption. It treats wind-stroke with itching and dryness of the body, jiaoqi (foot weakness) wind-pathogen, limb spasm, rising qi and dizziness, lung qi cough, digestion promotion, and diuresis. Long-term use makes the body light, sharpens hearing and vision, improves complexion, and treats dry mouth. Xian Jing (Immortal Classic) states: All immortal medicines must be taken with Sang Zhi decoction. Cited from Bao Pu Zi. During the Zhengde era, He Zichang suffered from arm pain; various medicines failed. Using this method for several doses cured his arm pain immediately.
[Wai Tai Mi Yao] Treating Pian Feng (partial wind), hemiplegia, cold accumulation and infectious diseases. Use 1 liang of raw Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix), crush it. Soak in non-ash wine for seven days. Drink every other day. One xiao he (small measure) cures the condition.