汤氏，小儿囟填，其囟高硕如物填在上，汗出，毛发黄而短是也。若寒气上冲则牢 ，（头垤起肿
硬曰牢。 ，音昂。）热气上冲则柔软。又小儿脏腑积热，气上冲于脑，亦致囟填，而又肝气盛，
风热冲上而成此候也。《玉环集》歌曰∶囟门肿起定为风，此候应须也不中，或若加坑如盏足，七
日之间命必终。
〔汤〕小儿禀受血气不足者，则髓不满骨，故软弱而不能行。肾主髓，治法当用钱氏补肾地黄丸，
加鹿茸、五加皮、麝香，则髓生而骨强，自然行矣。外甥黄虬知录之子，三岁不能行，遂合此方服
之有验。
〔无〕五加皮散 治小儿三岁不能行者，由受气不足，体力虚怯，腰脊脚膝筋骨软，足故不能行。
用真五加皮为末，粥饮调，次入好酒少许，每服一栗壳许，日三服效。
〔钱〕羚羊角丸 补肾肝，五六岁不能行。
羚羊角 虎胫骨（醋炙黄） 桂枝 生地 黄 防风 当归 白茯苓 酸枣仁（炒。各等分）
上为细末，蜜丸皂子大。食后温水化下，久服取效。
〔汤〕芎黄散 治小儿齿不生。
大川芎 生地（各半两） 山药 当归 甘草（炙。各一分）
上焙为末，热汤调服。用搽齿脚。
〔《本》〕尿坑中竹木，主小儿齿不生，正旦刮屑涂之，即生。
〔汤〕香薷煎 治小儿白秃不生发，燥痛。
陈香薷（二两） 胡粉（一两） 猪脂（半两）
上用水一大盏，煎香薷取汁三分，去渣，入胡粉、猪脂相和合匀，涂于头上，日频用之。
〔《肘》〕治小儿头生白秃，发不生。用椿楸树叶心，取汁敷之，大效。
〔钱〕小儿长大不行，行则脚细；齿久不生，生则不固；发久不生，生则不黑，皆属气血虚也，宜大剂
补之。
汤氏认为，小儿囟填的症状表现为囟门高突肿胀，如同有物体填充在上方，伴有出汗、毛发枯黄且短小的特征。如果是寒气上冲，则囟门坚硬（头顶部隆起肿胀且硬称为“牢”，“牢”音同“昂”）；如果是热气上冲，则囟门柔软。此外，小儿脏腑积热，热气上冲至脑部，也会导致囟填；若同时肝气旺盛，风热上冲，也会形成这种病症。《玉环集》中的歌诀说：“囟门肿起定是受风，此症预后大多不良；若囟门凹陷如杯盏状，七日内性命必终。”
〔汤〕小儿如果先天禀赋血气不足，则骨髓不充盈骨骼，因此骨骼软弱而不能行走。肾主骨生髓，治疗方法应当使用钱乙的补肾地黄丸，加入鹿茸、五加皮、麝香，这样骨髓得以生成而骨骼强壮，自然就能行走了。外甥黄虬知录的儿子，三岁了还不能走路，服用此方后见效。
〔无〕五加皮散：治疗小儿三岁还不能行走的病症。这是由于受气不足，体力虚弱怯懦，腰脊和脚膝筋骨软弱，所以不能行走。用优质的五加皮研成细末，用米粥汁调服，随后加入少许好酒，每次服用约一个栗子壳大小的量，每日三次，服用有效。
〔钱〕羚羊角丸：用于补益肝肾，治疗五六岁仍不能行走的小儿。
配方：羚羊角、虎胫骨（用醋炙至黄色）、桂枝、生地黄、防风、当归、白茯苓、酸枣仁（炒制，以上各等分）。
将上述药材研为细末，用蜂蜜制成如皂荚子大小的丸剂。饭后用温水化开送服，长期服用以取效。
〔汤〕芎黄散：治疗小儿牙齿不生。
配方：大川芎、生地黄（各半两）、山药、当归、甘草（炙制，各一分）。
将上述药材焙干后研为细末，用热水调服，也可用来涂抹牙龈。
〔《本草》〕尿坑中的竹木屑，主治小儿牙齿不生。在正月初一刮下这些屑末涂敷，牙齿即可长出。
〔汤〕香薷煎：治疗小儿头部出现白秃疮、头发不生，伴有干燥疼痛。
配方：陈年香薷（二两）、胡粉（一两）、猪脂（半两）。
用水一大盏，煎煮香薷取三分之一的药汁，去渣，加入胡粉和猪脂混合均匀，涂抹于患处头部，频繁使用。
〔《肘后备急方》〕治疗小儿头部生白秃疮、头发不长。用椿树或楸树的树叶心，榨取汁液敷贴，效果显著。
〔钱〕小儿长大仍不能行走，行走时脚部纤细；牙齿长久不生，即使生出也不坚固；头发长久不生，即使生出也不黑，这些都归属于气血虚弱的范畴，适宜用大剂量药物进行补益。
Tang Shi stated that the manifestation of fontanelle bulging (Xintian, protrusion of the anterior fontanelle) in infants is characterized by a high and swollen fontanelle, as if filled with an object on top, accompanied by sweating, and yellow, short hair. If cold pathogen rushes upward, the fontanelle becomes hard (a swelling that rises and feels hard on the vertex is called "Lao", pronounced "Ang"); if heat pathogen rushes upward, it remains soft. Furthermore, accumulation of heat in the internal organs of children, with Qi rushing upward to the brain, also causes fontanelle bulging; additionally, when Liver Qi is excessive and Wind-Heat rushes upward, this condition arises. The song in *Yuhuan Ji* states: "Swelling of the fontanelle definitely indicates Wind; this condition often proves difficult to treat. If it sinks like a cup bottom, life will end within seven days."
[Tang] Infants who are constitutionally deficient in Blood and Qi have marrow that fails to fill the bones, resulting in weakness and an inability to walk. The Kidney governs marrow; the treatment method should employ Qian Yi's Bushen Dihuang Wan (Kidney-Nourishing Rehmannia Pill), supplemented with Lu Rong (Cervus Nippon Antler), Wujia Pi (Acanthopanacis Cortex), and Shexiang (Musk). This promotes marrow generation and strengthens bones, allowing natural walking. My nephew Huang Qiu Zhilu’s son could not walk at age three; administering this formula yielded effective results.
[Wu] Wujiapi San (Five-Acanthopanax Powder): Treats infants unable to walk at age three due to insufficient reception of Qi, physical weakness and timidity, and softness of the lumbar spine, back, legs, knees, tendons, and bones. Use authentic Wujiapi (Acanthopanacis Cortex) ground into powder, mixed with rice gruel for administration, followed by a small amount of good wine. Take an amount roughly equivalent to a chestnut shell per dose, three times daily, until effective.
[Qian] Lingyangjiao Wan (Antelope Horn Pill): Tonifies the Kidney and Liver, treating children aged five or six who cannot walk.
Ingredients: Lingyangjiao (Saiga Tataricae Cornu), Hu Jinggu (Pantheris Tibia, stir-baked with vinegar until yellow), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baifuling (Poria), Suanzaoren (Ziziphi Spinosae Semen, stir-fried). All in equal proportions.
Grind into fine powder, form pills the size of soap beans using honey. Dissolve and take with warm water after meals; long-term use yields results.
[Tang] Xionghuang San (Ligusticum and Rehmannia Powder): Treats infants whose teeth do not erupt.
Ingredients: Da Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), each half liang; Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), each one qian.
Bake and grind into powder, mix with hot water for oral administration, or apply externally to the gums.
[*Bencao*] Bamboo or wood fragments found in urine pits treat infantile tooth eruption failure. Scrape the residue on the first day of the New Year and apply it; teeth will grow.
[Tang] Xiangru Jian (Elsholtzia Decoction): Treats infantile white tinea capitis (Baitu) where hair does not grow, accompanied by dryness and pain.
Ingredients: Chen Xiangru (Elsholtziae Herba, aged), Hufen (Minium), Zhuzhi (Suill Fat).
Boil Xiangru in one large bowl of water until reduced to one-third liquid, strain, then mix in Hufen and Zhuzhi evenly. Apply frequently to the scalp.
[*Zhou Hou*]: Treats infantile white tinea capitis with hair loss. Extract juice from the heart of Toona sinensis or Ailanthus altissima leaves and apply; highly effective.
[Qian] When children grow up but still cannot walk, their legs appear thin when they do walk; when teeth fail to grow for a long time, those that eventually emerge are unstable; when hair fails to grow for a long time, what grows is not black. All these belong to deficiency of Qi and Blood, and should be treated with large doses of tonifying agents.