白术 黄 防风（各等分）
上 咀，每服五七钱至一两，水煎温服。汗多恶风甚者，加桂枝。
川芎汤 无汗则能发之。
川芎 苍术 羌活（各等分）
上 咀，每服五七钱至一两，水煎热服。无汗恶风甚者，加麻黄一二钱。
法云∶五脏之脉，寸关尺也。今止言寸尺，阴阳也。若阳缓而阴急，表和而里病，阴缓而阳急，里
和而表病。
〔《本》〕黄 建中加当归汤 治发热头疼，脉浮数而尺中迟弱者，宜先服此药补血，却与麻黄桂枝辈。
黄 当归（各两半） 白芍 桂枝 甘草（各一两）
上 咀，每服五钱，姜三片，枣一枚，水煎，日三夜二服，如脉尚沉迟，再进一服。
〔洁〕有汗不得服麻黄，无汗不得服桂枝，若未瘥，则其变不可胜言，故立此法，使不犯三阳禁忌，解表
神方。
九味羌活汤（陶尚节注云∶不问四时，但有头疼骨节痛，发热恶寒，无汗，脉浮紧者，宜用此汤，
以代麻黄为稳当。如头疼发热，恶风，自汗，脉缓者，宜用加减冲和汤，即羌活汤中减苍术，加白术、细辛，
加黄 是也。）
羌活（一两半。治太阳肢骨痛之主药也，然非无为之主，乃是拨乱反正之君也，故大无不通，小无不入，
关节痛者，非此不降） 防风（一两半。治一身尽痛，乃卒伍卑贱之下职，一听君命将令而行，随所使引至
之） 细辛（半两。治少阴肾经头痛） 川芎（一两。治厥阴头痛在脑） 苍术（雄壮上行之药。能除湿下
气及安太阳，使邪气不至传足太阴脾也） 白芷（一两。治阳明经头痛在额） 生地（一两。治少阴心热
在内） 甘草（一两。能缓里急调和众药，故有国老之称也） 黄芩（一两。治太阴肺热在胸）
以上九味，虽为一方，然亦不可执，执中无权，犹执一也，当视其经络前后左右之不同，从其大小轻重之
不一，增损用之，其效如神。用 咀，水煎服。若急欲汗者，须热服，以羹粥投之。若缓欲汗者，温服，而
不用汤粥投之。脉浮而不解者，先急后缓。脉沉而不解者，先缓后急。九味羌活汤，不独解利，治杂病神效。
如中风行经者，加附子。中风秘涩者，加大黄。中风并三气合痹等症者，各随十二经络、上下内外、寒热温
凉、四时六气加减补泻用之。炼蜜丸。亦可加生地各半，治伤寒两感如神。用豆淋酒，治破伤风。
〔《保》〕和解四时伤寒，混解六经，不犯禁忌，大白术汤。
白术 石膏 防风 羌活（各二钱） 黄芩（五钱） 白芷（钱半） 知母（七钱） 甘草（一钱）
枳实（半两） 细辛（三钱）
上 咀，每服半两，水煎温服。未解，更一服。春倍加防风、羌活。夏倍加黄芩，石膏。季夏淫雨倍
加白术、白芷。秋加桂五钱。冬加桂八钱或一两。
〔海〕五积散 治阴经伤寒，脾胃不和，及感寒邪。
白茯苓 浓朴 芍药 当归 麻黄（去节） 半夏（姜制。各三两） 干姜（炮，两半） 人参 川芎（各
二两） 甘草（两半） 白芷（四两） 枳壳（五两） 陈皮 苍术（新者，二十四两） 桔梗（十二两） 肉桂（一
两）
上除枳壳、肉桂外，余并为粗末，于大锅内，文武火炒令黄熟不至焦，用纸摊在板上候冷，入枳壳、肉桂
末和匀，入瓷盒内，每服二钱，水一盏，姜三片，同煎服。若伤寒，葱白一茎，豆豉七粒，同煎，连服取汗。
若脾胃不和，内伤冷物，浑身疼痛，头昏无力，胸膈不利，饮食不下，气脉不和，四肢觉冷，或睡里虚惊，
至晚心躁困倦，即入盐少许同煎。若阴经伤寒，手足逆冷，及虚汗不止，脉细疾，面青而呕，更宜加附子同
煎。加减多少，并在临时消息之。（《袖珍方》无人参。）
参苏饮 治内外感一切发热主药。又云∶前胡、葛根，自能解肌，枳壳、陈皮，自能宽膈，大治中焦满痞。
凡有热不得拘其所见，小儿室女尤宜服之。
前胡 枳壳 陈皮 甘草 桔梗 木香（各一钱） 人参 紫苏 干葛 半夏 茯苓（各八分）
上 咀，每服四钱，用水一盏，生姜五片，枣一枚，煎服，不拘时。若素有痰者，候热退，以二陈、六君
子汤间服。
上方治痰饮停积，中脘闭塞，眩晕嘈烦，忪悸呕逆，及痰饮中人，停留关节，手脚 曳，口眼歪斜，半
身不遂，食已则呕，头疼发热，状如伤寒者，悉治之。一法用此药三两，加四物汤二两，合和，名茯苓补心汤。
大治男子妇人虚劳发热，或五心烦热，并衄血、吐血、便血，及妇人下血过多致虚热者，并宜服之。
或因用心太过发虚热者，及往来寒热者，用之神效。
柴胡散 治邪入经络，体瘦肌热，推陈致新，解利伤寒时疫，中 伏暑。
柴胡（四两） 甘草（一两）
上 咀，水煎，食后热服。此药冬月可以润心肺，止咳嗽，除壅热，春夏可以御伤寒时气，解毒，居常不
可缺者。且仓卒可以易得，长幼皆宜服之。
〔《山》〕冒感，用带根葱煎汤嚼生姜，得汗愈。
上六方，通详诸表方。元气不虚者服，效。
第二方，热多者宜服之。
第三方，寒多者宜服之。
第四方，痰饮者宜服之。
第五、六方，仓卒宜备之。
〔海〕治伤寒外症，全是下症，大热而脉反细，不可下者，泻心汤主之。（方见伤寒。脉有力者，黄连泻
心汤，无力者，半夏泻心汤。）
〔云〕人参散 治伤寒汗下后余热不退，或烦或渴面赤者。
人参 山栀 蓝叶 甘草 白藓皮（各等分）
上 咀，每服五钱，水煎服。
〔丹〕《絮矩新书》谓有杂合邪者，当以杂合法治之。譬如恶寒发热，得之感冒，明是外合之邪，已得浮数之
脉，而气口又紧盛。明为食所伤，病者又倦怠，脉重接俱有豁意，而胸膈痞满，间引两胁，其脉轻取又似乎弦，
此又平昔多怒肝邪之所为也。细取左尺大细沉弱，此又平时房劳之过也。治法宜以感冒一节且放后，先视其形
色之强弱浓薄，且以补中化食行滞清凉胃火，而以姜辣行之，则中气稍回，伤滞稍行，津液得和，通体得汗，
外感之邪自解。医者不肯详审求之，只顾表散外邪，又不推究兼见之邪脉，亦不穷问所得之病因，与性情之执
着，巧施杂合治法，将见正气自虚，邪气愈固，皆拙工之过也。
〔《本》〕发热恶寒，近似伤寒者，有五种。脉浮而紧，其人发热而恶寒者，伤寒之候也。脉浮而数，其人发
热恶寒，或有痛处，是欲为痈疖也。脉浮按之反涩，其人发热恶寒，或膈实而呕吐者，此是伤食也。脉浮而滑，
其人发热恶寒，或头眩而呕吐，此是风痰之症也。脉浮而弦，其人发热恶寒，或思饮食，此是欲化疟疾也。能
辨其脉，又能验其症，斯无误矣。
〔海〕伤寒与杂症相似药不可差 夫伤寒表症，发热恶热而渴，与下杂症同，但头痛身热，目痛鼻干，不
得卧，白虎主之，乃阳明经病也，正阳阳明气病，脉洪大，先无形也。杂病里症发热恶热而渴，但目赤者，病
脏也，手太阴气不足，不能管领阳气也，宜以枸杞、生地、熟地之类主之，脉洪大，甚则呕血，先有形也。
气病在里，误用血药，无伤也，为安血而益阴也。血病在里，误用气药，如白虎汤者，非也，为泻肺而损
阴也。
〔垣〕辨误服白虎变症。昔西台掾葛君瑞，二月中病伤寒发热，以白虎汤主之，病者面黑如墨，本症遂不
复见，脉沉细，小便不禁。东垣初不知也。及诊之曰；此立夏以前误服白虎，白虎大寒，非行经之药，止能寒
脏腑，不善用之，则伤卫气。本病曲隐于经络之间，或投以大热之药，求以去阴邪，他症必起，非所以救白虎
也，可用温药升阳行经。有难者曰∶白虎大寒，非大热何以救君之症，奈何？东垣曰∶病隐经络间，阳道不行，
而本症见矣，又何难哉。果如其言而愈。
〔洁〕大烦热不止，昼夜无度，用八关大刺。（法见赤眼。）热无度不可止，宜陷谷出血。
〔《密》〕遍身发热如火，狂言妄语气虚者，补手三里。气实者，泻足三里。
〔《摘》〕伤寒胸热不已∶大杼（五分，泻） 风门（五分，留七呼） 中府（乳上三肋间，动脉
应手，刺入三分） 缺盆（三分）
伤寒胃热不已∶中脘（泻） 上廉（三分） 下廉（八分） 三里 气冲
伤寒四肢热不已∶云门（三分，灸五壮） 肩 委中 腰 （在二十一椎节下间宛宛中，
以挺伏地，舒身，两手相重，支额纵四体，然后取其穴，针入五分，留七呼，灸七十壮）
〔《集》〕伤寒大热不退∶曲池（泻） 绝骨（补）
伤寒热退后再发热∶风门 合谷 行间 绝骨
白术、黄芪、防风（各等分）
将药材切碎，每次服用五钱至一两，加水煎煮后温服。若汗出过多且恶风严重者，加入桂枝。
川芎汤：无汗时能发汗解表。
川芎、苍术、羌活（各等分）
将药材切碎，每次服用五钱至一两，加水煎煮后热服。若无汗且恶风严重者，加入麻黄一二钱。
医理云：五脏的脉象体现在寸、关、尺三部。现在只提及寸和尺，是因为寸属阳，尺属阴。如果阳气缓而阴气急，说明体表调和而体内有病；如果阴气缓而阳气急，说明体内调和而体表有病。
〔《本草衍义》〕黄芪建中加当归汤：治疗发热头痛，脉象浮数但尺部迟弱的病症，适宜先服用此药以补血，然后再给予麻黄、桂枝类药物。
黄芪、当归（各一两半） 白芍、桂枝、甘草（各一两）
将药材切碎，每次服用五钱，加生姜三片、大枣一枚，加水煎煮，白天服三次，夜间服两次。如果脉象仍然沉迟，再进一服。
〔张洁古〕有汗者不得服用麻黄，无汗者不得服用桂枝。如果病未痊愈，其变证不可胜数，因此确立此法，以避免触犯三阳经的禁忌，这是解表的良方。
九味羌活汤（陶尚节注解说：不论四季，只要有头痛骨节痛、发热恶寒、无汗、脉浮紧的症状，适宜使用此汤，以此代替麻黄汤更为稳妥。如果是头痛发热、恶风、自汗、脉缓的情况，适宜使用加减冲和汤，即在羌活汤中减去苍术，加入白术、细辛、黄芪即可。）
羌活（一两半。是治疗太阳经肢骨疼痛的主药，虽然它不是无为而治的主君，却是拨乱反正的君主，所以大邪无不通，小邪无不入，关节疼痛者，非此药不能降伏。）防风（一两半。治疗全身疼痛，如同士兵中的卑职，完全听从君主的命令行动，随使令引导至病所。）细辛（半两。治疗少阴肾经引起的头痛。）川芎（一两。治疗厥阴经引起的脑部头痛。）苍术（雄壮上行的药物。能除湿下气并安定太阳经，使邪气不传变至足太阴脾经。）白芷（一两。治疗阳明经引起的额部头痛。）生地（一两。治疗少阴心经在内之热。）甘草（一两。能缓解里急并调和诸药，所以有“国老”的称号。）黄芩（一两。治疗太阴肺经在胸中之热。）
以上九味药，虽然组成一方，但也不可拘泥固执，固执而不通权达变，就如同固执一端一样。应当根据经络前后左右的差异，以及病情大小轻重的不同，进行增减使用，效果如神。将药材切碎，加水煎服。如果想要快速发汗，必须热服，并喝热粥辅助。如果想要缓慢发汗，则温服，不需要喝粥辅助。脉浮而病不解者，先急后缓。脉沉而病不解者，先缓后急。九味羌活汤，不仅用于解表，治疗杂病也神效。如中风邪气传入经络者，加入附子。中风导致便秘涩滞者，加入大黄。中风兼有三气合痹等症状者，各自根据十二经络、上下内外、寒热温凉、四时六气的变化进行加减补泻使用。炼蜜为丸。也可以加入生地各半量，治疗伤寒两感证如神。用豆淋酒送服，治疗破伤风。
〔《保命集》〕和解四季伤寒，混解六经，不犯禁忌的大白术汤。
白术、石膏、防风、羌活（各二钱） 黄芩（五钱） 白芷（钱半） 知母（七钱） 甘草（一钱）
枳实（半两） 细辛（三钱）
将药材切碎，每次服用半两，加水煎煮后温服。病未解除，再服一剂。春季加倍使用防风、羌活。夏季加倍使用黄芩、石膏。长夏多雨季节加倍使用白术、白芷。秋季加入桂枝五钱。冬季加入桂枝八钱或一两。
〔李东垣〕五积散：治疗阴经伤寒，脾胃不和，以及感受寒邪。
白茯苓、厚朴、芍药、当归、麻黄（去节）、半夏（姜制，各三两） 干姜（炮制，一两半） 人参、川芎（各二两） 甘草（一两半） 白芷（四两） 枳壳（五两） 陈皮、苍术（新货，二十四两） 桔梗（十二两） 肉桂（一两）
除了枳壳、肉桂外，其余药材捣成粗末，在大锅内，用文武火炒至黄熟且不焦，用纸摊在板上冷却，加入枳壳、肉桂末混合均匀，装入瓷盒内。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜三片，同煎服。如果是伤寒，加葱白一根、豆豉七粒，同煎，连服取汗。如果是脾胃不和，内伤冷物，浑身疼痛，头昏无力，胸膈不适，饮食不下，气脉不和，四肢发冷，或者睡中虚惊，到了晚上心中烦躁困倦，就加入少许盐同煎。如果是阴经伤寒，手足逆冷，以及虚汗不止，脉细疾，面色青且呕吐，更适宜加入附子同煎。加减多少，都在临时斟酌决定。（《袖珍方》中无人参。）
参苏饮：治疗内外感一切发热的主药。又说：前胡、葛根，自然能解肌，枳壳、陈皮，自然能宽胸膈，主要治疗中焦满闷痞塞。凡是发热者不拘泥于所见症状，小儿室女尤其适宜服用。
前胡、枳壳、陈皮、甘草、桔梗、木香（各一钱） 人参、紫苏、干葛、半夏、茯苓（各八分）
将药材切碎，每次服用四钱，用水一盏，生姜五片，大枣一枚，煎服，不拘时间。如果素有痰者，待热退后，以二陈汤、六君子汤交替服用。
上方治疗痰饮停积，中脘闭塞，眩晕嘈杂烦闷，心悸呕逆，以及痰饮中人，停留在关节，手脚牵引，口眼歪斜，半身不遂，食后即呕，头疼发热，状如伤寒者，全部都能治疗。一种方法是用此药三两，加入四物汤二两，混合，名为茯苓补心汤。主要治疗男女虚劳发热，或五心烦热，以及衄血、吐血、便血，以及妇人下血过多导致虚热者，都适宜服用。
或者是因用心过度导致虚热者，以及往来寒热者，使用此方神效。
柴胡散：治疗邪气进入经络，身体消瘦肌肉发热，推陈致新，解利伤寒时疫，中暑伏暑。
柴胡（四两） 甘草（一两）
将药材切碎，加水煎煮，饭后热服。此药冬季可以润心肺，止咳嗽，除壅热，春夏可以抵御伤寒时气，解毒，平时不可缺少的药物。而且仓促之间容易得到，老少皆宜服用。
〔《山》〕冒受风寒，用带根的葱煎汤嚼服生姜，出汗即愈。
上述六个方子，详细列举了各种解表方。元气不虚的人服用，有效。
第二个方子，热多者适宜服用。
第三个方子，寒多者适宜服用。
第四个方子，有痰饮者适宜服用。
第五、第六个方子，仓促之间宜常备。
〔李东垣〕治疗伤寒外症，全是下症（指里实证），大热而脉反细，不可攻下者，用泻心汤主治。（方见伤寒篇。脉有力者，用黄连泻心汤；脉无力者，用半夏泻心汤。）
〔王好古〕人参散：治疗伤寒汗下后余热不退，或烦渴面赤者。
人参、山栀、蓝叶、甘草、白藓皮（各等分）
将药材切碎，每次服用五钱，加水煎服。
〔朱丹溪〕《絮矩新书》认为有杂合邪者，应当用杂合法治疗。譬如恶寒发热，得之于感冒，明是外合之邪，已经出现浮数之脉，而气口脉又紧盛。明显是为饮食所伤，病人又倦怠，脉重按俱有空豁之意，而胸膈痞满，有时牵引两胁，其脉轻取又似乎弦，这又是平日多怒肝邪所为。细取左尺脉大细沉弱，这又是平时房劳过度的过错。治疗方法适宜将感冒一节暂且放在后面，先观察病人的形体强弱浓薄，先用补中化食行滞清凉胃火的药物，并用姜辣推动运行，则中气稍回，伤滞稍行，津液调和，通体出汗，外感之邪自然解除。医者不肯详细审求，只顾发散外邪，又不推究兼见的邪脉，也不穷问所得的病因与性情的执着，巧施杂合治法，将会见到正气自虚，邪气愈固，这都是拙劣医生的过错。
〔《本草衍义》〕发热恶寒，近似伤寒的，有五种情况。脉浮而紧，其人发热而恶寒的，是伤寒的征候。脉浮而数，其人发热恶寒，或有痛处，是想形成痈疖。脉浮按之反涩，其人发热恶寒，或膈实而呕吐的，这是伤食。脉浮而滑，其人发热恶寒，或头眩而呕吐的，这是风痰的病症。脉浮而弦，其人发热恶寒，或思饮食的，这是欲化为疟疾。能辨别其脉，又能验证其症，就不会有误诊了。
〔李东垣〕伤寒与杂症相似，用药不可差错。夫伤寒表症，发热恶热而渴，与下杂症相同，但头痛身热，目痛鼻干，不得卧，用白虎汤主治，乃阳明经病，正阳阳明气病，脉洪大，先无形质病变。杂病里症发热恶热而渴，但目赤的，病在脏，手太阴气不足，不能管领阳气，适宜以枸杞、生地、熟地之类为主，脉洪大，甚则呕血，先有形质病变。气病在里，误用血药，无伤害，因为安血而益阴。血病在里，误用气药，如白虎汤者，是不对的，因为泻肺而损阴。
〔李东垣〕辨别误服白虎汤后的变症。昔日西台掾葛君瑞，二月间患伤寒发热，用白虎汤主治，病人面黑如墨，本症随即不再显现，脉沉细，小便失禁。东垣起初不知道。等到诊察时说：这是在立夏以前误服白虎汤，白虎汤大寒，不是行经的药，只能寒脏腑，不善用的话，就会损伤卫气。本病隐匿在经络之间，如果投以大热之药，以求去除阴邪，其他病症必定兴起，这不是救治白虎汤副作用的方法，可以用温药升阳行经。有人质疑说：白虎汤大寒，不用大热药如何救你的症？东垣说：病隐匿在经络间，阳道不行，而本症显现，又有什么难的呢。果然像他说的那样痊愈了。
〔张洁古〕大烦热不止，昼夜无度，用八关大刺法。（方法见赤眼篇。）热无度不可止，适宜陷谷穴出血。
〔《密》〕遍身发热如火，狂言妄语气虚者，补手三里穴。气实者，泻足三里穴。
〔《摘》〕伤寒胸热不已：大杼穴（五分，泻法） 风门穴（五分，留针七呼） 中府穴（乳上三肋间，动脉应手，刺入三分） 缺盆穴（三分）
伤寒胃热不已：中脘穴（泻法） 上廉穴（三分） 下廉穴（八分） 三里穴 气冲穴
伤寒四肢热不已：云门穴（三分，灸五壮） 肩髃穴 委中穴 腰俞穴（在二十一椎节下间宛宛中，以挺伏地，舒身，两手相重，支额纵四体，然后取其穴，针入五分，留七呼，灸七十壮）
Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Astragali Radix, Saposhnikoviae Radix (equal parts)
Crush the herbs. Take 5–7 qian to 1 liang per dose, decoct in water, and take warm. If sweating is excessive and aversion to wind is severe, add Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi).
Chuanxiong Decoction: Induces sweating when there is no sweat.
Chuanxiong Rhizome, Atractylodis Rhizoma, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (equal parts)
Crush the herbs. Take 5–7 qian to 1 liang per dose, decoct in water, and take hot. If there is no sweat and aversion to wind is severe, add Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang) 1–2 qian.
Medical theory states: The pulses of the five zang organs are reflected at the Cun, Guan, and Chi positions. Here, only Cun and Chi are mentioned, representing Yin and Yang respectively. If Yang is slack and Yin is tight, the exterior is harmonious but the interior is diseased; if Yin is slack and Yang is tight, the interior is harmonious but the exterior is diseased.
[Huangqi Jianzhong Tang with Danggui] Treats fever, headache, floating and rapid pulse, but slow and weak Chi position. It is appropriate to first take this medicine to nourish blood, then administer medicines such as Mahuang or Guizhi.
Astragali Radici, Angelicae Sinensis Radix (each 1.5 liang) Paeoniae Radix Alba, Cinnamomi Ramulus, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (each 1 liang)
Crush the herbs. Take 5 qian per dose, with 3 slices of Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens and one Jujubae Fructus, decoct in water. Take three times during the day and twice at night. If the pulse remains deep and slow, take another dose.
[Zhang Jiegu] Those with sweating should not take Mahuang; those without sweating should not take Guizhi. If the condition does not resolve, the complications are countless. Therefore, this method is established to avoid violating the contraindications of the Three Yang meridians; it is a divine formula for releasing the exterior.
Jiuwei Qianghuo Tang (Tao Shangjie notes: Regardless of the season, if there are symptoms of headache, bone and joint pain, fever, aversion to cold, anhidrosis, and a floating-tight pulse, this decoction is suitable and can safely replace Mahuang Tang. If there is headache, fever, aversion to wind, spontaneous sweating, and a slow pulse, the Modified Chonghe Tang is suitable, which is obtained by removing Cangzhu from Qianghuo Tang and adding Baizhu, Xixin, and Huangqi.)
Qianghuo (1.5 liang. The main herb for treating Taiyang meridian limb and bone pain. Although it is not the sovereign of non-action, it is the sovereign of correcting chaos, so it penetrates all great evils and small evils alike. For joint pain, nothing else can subdue it like this.) Fangfeng (1.5 liang. Treats whole-body pain, acting like a low-ranking soldier who obeys the sovereign's command, following directions to wherever needed.) Xixin (0.5 liang. Treats Shaoyin Kidney meridian headache.) Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 liang. Treats Jueyin meridian headache located in the brain.) Cangzhu (A robust ascending herb. Can remove dampness, direct qi downward, and stabilize the Taiyang meridian, preventing pathogenic factors from transmitting to the Foot-Taiyin Spleen.) Baizhi (1 liang. Treats Yangming meridian headache located in the forehead.) Shengdi Huang (1 liang. Treats heat in the Shaoyin Heart organ internally.) Gancao (1 liang. Relieves internal urgency and harmonizes various herbs, hence the title "Old Man of the State." Huangqin (1 liang. Treats heat in the Taiyin Lung organ in the chest.)
Although these nine herbs form one prescription, one must not be rigid. Rigidity without flexibility is like sticking to one extreme. One should adjust based on differences in meridians (front, back, left, right) and variations in severity and lightness of the condition. The effect will be miraculous. Crush the herbs, decoct in water, and take. If rapid sweating is desired, take hot and consume congee afterwards. If slow sweating is desired, take warm without consuming congee. If the pulse is floating and the condition does not resolve, start with urgent methods then become gentle. If the pulse is deep and the condition does not resolve, start gentle then become urgent. Jiuwei Qianghuo Tang is not only effective for releasing the exterior but also miraculous for treating miscellaneous diseases. For stroke with pathogen entering meridians, add Fuzi. For stroke with constipation and涩 (sluggishness), add Dahuang. For stroke combined with Bi syndrome caused by three pathogens, etc., adjust tonification and draining according to the twelve meridians, upper/lower, interior/exterior, cold/heat/warm/cool, and four seasons/six qi. Process with refined honey into pills. Can also add equal amounts of Shengdi to treat Shaoyang-Yangming simultaneous contraction (Lianggan) miraculously. Use Doulin Jiu (bean-leaven wine) to treat Tetanus (Poshang Feng).
[Baoming Ji] Da Baizhu Tang: Harmonizes seasonal Cold Damage, resolves the Six Meridians indiscriminately, without violating contraindications.
Baizhu, Shigao, Fangfeng, Qianghuo (each 2 qian) Huangqin (5 qian) Baizhi (1.5 qian) Zhimu (7 qian) Gancao (1 qian)
Zhishi (0.5 liang) Xixin (3 qian)
Crush the herbs. Take 0.5 liang per dose, decoct in water, and take warm. If unresolved, take another dose. In Spring, double Fangfeng and Qianghuo. In Summer, double Huangqin and Shigao. In Late Summer with excessive rain, double Baizhu and Baizhi. In Autumn, add Guizhi 5 qian. In Winter, add Guizhi 8 qian or 1 liang.
[Li Dongyuan] Wuji San: Treats Yin meridian Cold Damage, Spleen-Stomach disharmony, and exposure to Cold pathogen.
Fuling, Houpo, Shaoyao, Danggui, Mahuang (remove joints), Banxia (processed with Ginger, each 3 liang) Ganjiang (roasted, 1.5 liang) Renshen, Chuanxiong (each 2 liang) Gancao (1.5 liang) Baizhi (4 liang) Zhike (5 liang) Chenpi, Cangzhu (new, 24 liang) Jiegeng (12 liang) Rougui (1 liang)
Except for Zhike and Rougui, grind the rest into coarse powder. Stir-fry in a large pot over medium-low heat until yellow and cooked but not burnt. Spread on paper on a board to cool. Mix with powdered Zhike and Rougui. Store in a porcelain box. Take 2 qian per dose, with 1 cup of water and 3 slices of fresh ginger, decoct together and take. For Cold Damage, add 1 stalk of Congbai and 7 grains of Douchi, decoct together, take continuously to induce sweating. For Spleen-Stomach disharmony, internal injury from cold food, whole-body pain, dizziness, weakness, chest oppression, inability to eat, Qi-pulse disharmony, cold limbs, or nocturnal fright, late-night irritability and fatigue, add a little salt and decoct together. For Yin meridian Cold Damage, cold extremities, continuous deficiency sweating, fine-rapid pulse, blue complexion, and vomiting, it is better to add Fuzi and decoct together. Adjustments depend on temporary judgment. (Xiumen Fang has no Renshen.)
Shensu Yin: The main medicine for treating all fevers due to internal and external infections. Also says: Qianhu and Gegen naturally release the muscle layer; Zhike and Chenpi naturally widen the diaphragm; mainly treats middle jiao fullness and stagnation. For any fever, do not be constrained by apparent symptoms; especially suitable for children and unmarried women.
Qianhu, Zhike, Chenpi, Gancao, Jiegeng, Muxiang (each 1 qian) Renshen, Zisu, Genge, Banxia, Fuling (each 8 fen)
Crush the herbs. Take 4 qian per dose, with 1 cup of water, 5 slices of fresh ginger, and one Jujubae Fructus, decoct and take, at any time. If phlegm-fluid retention exists, after fever subsides, alternate with Erchen Tang or Liujunzi Tang.
The above formulas treat phlegm-fluid retention blocking the middle jiao, dizziness, heartburn, palpitations, vomiting, phlegm-fluid lodging in joints, dragging limbs, facial paralysis, hemiplegia, vomiting after eating, headache, fever resembling Cold Damage, all of which are treated. One method uses 3 liang of this medicine plus 2 liang of Siwu Tang, mixed, named Fuling Buxin Tang. Mainly treats deficiency-labor fever in men and women, or five-center heat, epistaxis, hematemesis, hematochezia, and deficiency-heat caused by excessive uterine bleeding in women; all are suitable for taking. Also effective for deficiency-heat caused by excessive mental exertion and alternating chills and fever.
Chaihu San: Treats pathogen entering meridians, emaciation with muscle heat, pushing out the old and generating the new, resolving Cold Damage and epidemic diseases, and summerheat latent within.
Chaihu (4 liang) Gancao (1 liang)
Crush the herbs, decoct in water, take hot after meals. This medicine moistens the lungs and heart, stops cough, and removes stagnant heat in winter; in spring and summer, it defends against Cold Damage and seasonal pathogens, detoxifies, and is indispensable for daily use. Moreover, it is easily obtained in emergencies and suitable for all ages.
[Mountain Text] For exposure to pathogens, decoct green onions with roots, chew fresh ginger, and cure upon sweating.
The above six formulas comprehensively detail various exterior-releasing formulas. Effective for those with sufficient Yuan Qi.
The second formula is suitable for those with more heat.
The third formula is suitable for those with more cold.
The fourth formula is suitable for those with phlegm-fluid.
The fifth and sixth formulas should be kept ready for emergencies.
[Li Dongyuan] Treating external symptoms of Cold Damage that are entirely interior excess syndromes (lower syndromes): High fever but the pulse is unexpectedly fine, indicating it cannot be purged. Xixin Tang is the primary treatment. (Formula seen in Cold Damage section. If pulse is forceful, use Huanglian Xiexin Tang; if pulse is weak, use Banxia Xiexin Tang.)
[Wang Haogu] Renshen San: Treats residual heat remaining after sweating or purging in Cold Damage, or irritability, thirst, and red face.
Renshen, Zhizi, Lan Ye, Gancao, Baixianpi (equal parts)
Crush the herbs. Take 5 qian per dose, decoct in water, and take.
[Zhu Danxi] "Xuju Xinshu" states that for mixed pathogens, mixed treatment methods should be used. For example, aversion to cold and fever resulting from a common cold is clearly an external combined pathogen, presenting with a floating-rapid pulse, yet the Qi Kou pulse is tight and full. Clearly injured by food, the patient is also fatigued, the pulse feels hollow upon heavy pressure, chest and diaphragm are obstructed, sometimes pulling the hypochondrium, and the pulse feels wiry upon light pressure. This is also due to Liver pathogen from habitual anger. Fine examination of the Left Chi pulse shows large, thin, deep, and weak qualities, indicating past sexual excess. Treatment should prioritize observing the patient's physical strength and constitution, temporarily setting aside the cold aspect. First use medicines to tonify the middle, transform food, move stagnation, clear stomach fire, and promote circulation with ginger and pepper. Then middle Qi recovers slightly, food stagnation moves slightly, fluids harmonize, whole-body sweating occurs, and external pathogens resolve themselves. Physicians unwilling to examine carefully, only focusing on dispersing external pathogens, failing to investigate concurrent pathogenic pulses, nor asking thoroughly about causes and emotional attachments, skillfully applying mixed treatments, will see righteous Qi becoming deficient and pathogenic Qi becoming entrenched. This is the fault of incompetent doctors.
[Bencao Yan Yi] Fever and aversion to cold resembling Cold Damage have five types. Pulse floating and tight, with fever and aversion to cold: this is the sign of Cold Damage. Pulse floating and rapid, with fever and aversion to cold, or painful areas: this indicates impending carbuncles or boils. Pulse floating, rough upon pressing, with fever and aversion to cold, or chest fullness and vomiting: this is Food Injury. Pulse floating and slippery, with fever and aversion to cold, or dizziness and vomiting: this is Wind-Phlegm syndrome. Pulse floating and wiry, with fever and aversion to cold, or craving food: this indicates impending Malaria. Being able to distinguish the pulse and verify the symptoms ensures no error.
[Li Dongyuan] Similarity between Cold Damage and Miscellaneous Diseases requires precise medication differentiation. Exterior symptoms of Cold Damage include fever, aversion to heat, and thirst, similar to lower miscellaneous diseases. However, with headache, body heat, eye pain, dry nose, and insomnia, Baihu Tang is indicated, which is a Yangming Meridian disease, specifically Zhengyang Yangming Qi disease, with a flooding-large pulse, initially without structural changes. Interior symptoms of miscellaneous diseases with fever, aversion to heat, and thirst, but with red eyes, indicate disease in the Zang organs. Hand-Taiyin Qi insufficiency fails to manage Yang Qi; Gouqi, Shengdi, Shudi are indicated. Pulse is flooding-large, possibly leading to hematemesis, initially with structural changes. Qi disease in the interior, mistakenly using Blood medicines, causes no harm, as it calms Blood and benefits Yin. Blood disease in the interior, mistakenly using Qi medicines like Baihu Tang, is incorrect, as it drains Lung and damages Yin.
[Li Dongyuan] Differentiating complications from mistaken use of Baihu Tang. Previously, Ge Junrui, Vice Director of the Western Terrace, suffered from Cold Damage fever in February. Treated with Baihu Tang, his face turned black as ink, original symptoms disappeared, pulse became deep and fine, and urination was incontinent. Dongyuan initially did not know. Upon diagnosis, he said: This was mistaken use of Baihu Tang before Lixia (Start of Summer). Baihu Tang is extremely cold, not a meridian-circulating drug; it only chills the Zang-Fu. Misuse damages Wei Qi. The original disease hides in the meridians. If large-hot drugs are administered to expel Yin pathogens, other symptoms will arise, which does not rescue the Baihu Tang complication. Warm drugs to raise Yang and circulate meridians should be used. A skeptic asked: Baihu Tang is extremely cold; how can large-hot drugs save the condition? Dongyuan said: The disease hides in the meridians, Yang pathways do not function, and original symptoms appear. What is difficult about this? Indeed, he recovered as predicted.
[Zhang Jiegu] Severe irritability and heat unceasing, day and night without limit, use Eight Passages Great Pricking. (Method seen in Red Eye section.) Uncontrollable heat should be stopped by bleeding at Xangu point.
[Mi Text] Whole-body heat like fire, delirious speech, deficiency of Qi: Tonify Shousanli. Excess of Qi: Drain Zusanli.
[Zhai Text] Chest heat from Cold Damage unceasing: Dazhu (5 fen, drain) Fengmen (5 fen, retain needle for seven breaths) Zhongfu (between 3rd rib above nipple, arterial pulse felt, insert 3 fen) Quepen (3 fen)
Stomach heat from Cold Damage unceasing: Zhongwan (drain) Shanglian (3 fen) Xialian (8 fen) Sanli Qichong
Limbs heat from Cold Damage unceasing: Yunmen (3 fen, moxa 5 cones) Jianyu Weizhong Yaoshu (Located in the depression below the 21st thoracic vertebra. Patient lies prone on a support, stretches body, crosses hands to support forehead, extends limbs, then locate acupoint. Insert needle 5 fen, retain for seven breaths, moxa 70 cones)
[Ji Text] High fever from Cold Damage unceasing: Quchi (drain) Jiegu (tonify)
Recurrent fever after Heat subsides from Cold Damage: Fengmen Hegu Xingjian Jiegu