30.太阳阴邪有水气, 伤寒无汗热烘烘, 主证干呕咳微喘, 外发内散
小青龙, 小便不利少腹满, 下痢除麻共入苓, 噎麻易附喘加杏, 渴加
花粉减半平.
【注】太阳阴邪有水气, 谓太阳伤寒表不解, 发热无汗, 兼有干呕而
咳微喘, 饮病之主证, 宜以小青龙汤, 外发寒邪, 内散寒饮, 则可愈
也.或小便不利少腹满, 或下痢, 或噎, 或喘, 或渴, 此饮病或有之
证,亦以小青龙汤主之. 小便不利, 少腹满, 是水停下焦, 大便下痢
,是水走大肠, 俱除麻黄, 共入茯苓, 专渗痢也. 噎为内寒之甚, 以
麻黄易附子, 散内寒也. 喘气上逆, 加杏仁以降逆也. 渴加花粉, 减
去半夏, 以避燥生津也. 详太阳下篇.
31.少阴阳邪有停饮, 六七日反不得眠, 下痢而渴咳而呕, 小便不利
猪苓煎.
【注】少阴阳邪有停饮, 谓少阴阳邪热证, 兼有停饮病也. 少阴病当
欲寐, 至六、七日反心烦不得眠, 是少阴热也, 下痢而渴, 咳呕, 小
便不利, 是水饮停也. 以猪苓汤去其热、 而利其水可也. 详少阴篇.
32.少阴阴邪有水气, 腹痛四肢重沉疼, 小便不利自下痢, 或咳或呕
真武平. 咳加干姜辛味共, 小便若利去茯苓, 呕去附子生姜倍, 痢去
芍药入干宁.
【注】少阴阴邪有水气, 谓少阴阴寒兼有水气病也. 饮病主证, 谓腹
痛,四肢沉重疼痛, 大便自利, 小便不利, 宜真武汤温中利水也. 饮
病或有之证, 或咳, 或小便利, 或呕, 或下痢. 咳加生姜, 细辛, 五
味子. 小便若利去茯苓. 呕, 去附子倍加生姜. 痢, 去芍药入干姜也
.
30. 太阳经受阴寒之邪且体内有水气，伤寒表现为无汗、身体发热烘热。主要症状为干呕、咳嗽及轻微气喘，治疗宜采用小青龙汤以发散体表寒邪并温化体内水饮。若伴有小便不通畅、少腹部胀满，或下痢、呃逆、喘息等症状，可在原方基础上进行加减：去除麻黄，加入茯苓；若出现呃逆，用附子替换麻黄；若喘息加重，加入杏仁；若口渴，加入天花粉，并减半半夏用量以达平衡。
【注】所谓“太阳阴邪有水气”，是指太阳伤寒表证未解，表现为发热、无汗，同时兼有干呕、咳嗽和轻微气喘，这是水饮病的典型主证，适宜使用小青龙汤，外散寒邪，内化寒饮，即可痊愈。或者出现小便不利、少腹胀满，或者下痢，或者呃逆，或者气喘，或者口渴，这些是水饮病可能伴随的症状，也以小青龙汤为主治方剂。小便不利、少腹胀满，说明水停下焦；大便下痢，说明水湿流入大肠，这两种情况都应去除麻黄，共同加入茯苓，专门用于渗利水湿。呃逆是由于内部寒气极盛，用麻黄替换为附子，以驱散内寒。气喘气逆，加入杏仁以降逆平喘。口渴加入天花粉，减去半夏，以避免燥性伤津而生津液。详见《太阳病篇》下篇。
31. 少阴经受阳热之邪且有停饮，病程六七天反而不能安眠，伴有下痢、口渴、咳嗽和呕吐，治疗宜用猪苓汤煎服。
【注】所谓“少阴阳邪有停饮”，是指少阴病的阳热证候，同时兼有水饮停滞。少阴病通常表现为想睡觉，到了六七天反而心烦失眠，这是少阴热的表现；下痢且口渴，咳嗽呕吐，小便不利，这是水饮停滞所致。使用猪苓汤可以清除热邪并利水，即可治愈。详见《少阴病篇》。
32. 少阴经受阴寒之邪且体内有水气，表现为腹痛、四肢沉重酸痛，小便不通畅且自发性下痢，或有咳嗽或呕吐，治疗宜用真武汤以平调。若咳嗽，加入干姜、细辛五味子同用；若小便通畅，则去除茯苓；若呕吐，去除附子，生姜加倍；若下痢，去除芍药，加入干姜宁心（此处原文“入干宁”疑为“入干姜”之误或特定简写，依注文明确为“去芍药入干姜”）。
【注】所谓“少阴阴邪有水气”，是指少阴阴寒证兼有水气病。水饮病的主证表现为腹痛、四肢沉重疼痛、大便自利（腹泻）、小便不利，适宜使用真武汤温中散寒、利水消肿。水饮病可能出现的其他症状包括：咳嗽、小便通畅、呕吐、下痢。若咳嗽，加入生姜、细辛、五味子；若小便通畅，则去除茯苓；若呕吐，去除附子并加倍生姜用量；若下痢，去除芍药，加入干姜。
30. Taiyang syndrome with Yin pathogenic factor and fluid retention presents as cold damage without sweating and a burning sensation of heat. The main symptoms are dry retching, coughing, and slight wheezing. The treatment should employ Xiao Qing Long Tang (Minor Blue Dragon Decoction) to disperse exterior cold pathogens and internally dissipate cold-fluid. If accompanied by difficulty in urination and fullness in the lower abdomen, or dysentery, hiccups, wheezing, or thirst, modifications are made: remove Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang), add Poria (Fuling); for hiccups, replace Mahuang with Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata (Fuzi); for aggravated wheezing, add Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren); for thirst, add Trichosanthis Radix (Huafen), and reduce the dosage of Pinelliae Rhizoma (Banxia) by half to achieve balance.
[Note] "Taiyang Yin pathogenic factor with fluid retention" refers to Taiyang cold damage where the exterior condition is not resolved, presenting with fever and anhidrosis, accompanied by dry retching, coughing, and slight wheezing, which are the principal manifestations of fluid disease. It is appropriate to use Xiao Qing Long Tang to externally dispel cold pathogens and internally dissipate cold-fluid, leading to recovery. Alternatively, if there is difficulty in urination and lower abdominal fullness, or dysentery, hiccups, wheezing, or thirst, these are possible accompanying symptoms of fluid disease, also treated primarily with Xiao Qing Long Tang. Difficulty in urination and lower abdominal fullness indicate water stagnating in the Lower Jiao; dysentery indicates water flowing into the Large Intestine. In both cases, Mahuang should be removed and Fuling added specifically to promote diuresis and drain dampness. Hiccups result from severe internal cold; replacing Mahuang with Fuzi disperses internal cold. Wheezing with rebellious Qi requires adding Xingren to direct Qi downward. Thirst requires adding Huafen and removing Banxia to avoid drying fluids and to generate body fluids. See the latter part of the Taiyang chapter.
31. Shaoyin syndrome with Yang pathogenic factor and retained fluid, persisting for six or seven days but conversely presenting with insomnia, accompanied by dysentery, thirst, coughing, and vomiting, is treated with Zhu Ling Decoction (Polyporus Decoction).
[Note] "Shaoyin Yang pathogenic factor with retained fluid" refers to a Shaoyin heat syndrome complicated by fluid retention. Shaoyin disease typically manifests as a desire to sleep; however, after six or seven days, irritability and insomnia occur, indicating Shaoyin heat. Dysentery with thirst, coughing, vomiting, and difficulty in urination indicate fluid retention. Zhu Ling Decoction clears heat and promotes diuresis, thereby treating the condition. See the Shaoyin chapter.
32. Shaoyin syndrome with Yin pathogenic factor and water qi presents with abdominal pain, heaviness and deep aching pain in the four limbs, difficulty in urination, and spontaneous diarrhea. There may also be coughing or vomiting. The treatment should employ Zhen Wu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) to stabilize the condition. For coughing, add Gingeris Rhizoma (Shengjiang), Asari Radix (Xixin), and Schisandrae Fructus (Wuweizi). If urination is normal, remove Fuling. For vomiting, remove Fuzi and double the dosage of Shengjiang. For dysentery, remove Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao) and add Ganjiang (Dried Ginger).
[Note] "Shaoyin Yin pathogenic factor with water qi" refers to a Shaoyin cold syndrome complicated by water qi. The principal manifestations of fluid disease include abdominal pain, heaviness and pain in the four limbs, spontaneous diarrhea, and difficulty in urination. These are appropriately treated with Zhen Wu Tang to warm the middle and promote diuresis. Possible accompanying symptoms of fluid disease include coughing, normal urination, vomiting, and dysentery. For coughing, add Shengjiang, Xixin, and Wuweizi. If urination is normal, remove Fuling. For vomiting, remove Fuzi and increase Shengjiang dosage. For dysentery, remove Shaoyao and add Ganjiang.