厥阴之为病，消渴，气上冲心，心中疼热，饥而不欲食，食即吐蛔，下之利不止。
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此条是『伤寒论』厥阴经正病，与杂病消渴之义不同，必是错简。
寸口脉浮而迟，浮即为虚，迟即为劳，虚则卫气不足，劳则荣气竭。
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此条当在『虚劳篇』中，错简在此。
趺阳脉浮而数，浮即为气，数即消谷，而大「便」坚，气盛则溲数，溲数即坚，坚数
相搏，即为消渴。
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而大坚句不成文，大字下，当有「便」字，当补之。
〔少阴脉，紧而沉，沉则为水，小便即难，〕脉得诸沉者，当责有水，身体肿重。
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脉得诸沉者一条，乃始论水气病之脉，当列于篇首。但古本脉得诸沉之上，有「少阴
脉紧而沉…」四句，文义不属，并有脱简，不释，且删之。
夫水病人，目下有卧蚕，面目鲜泽，脉伏，其人消渴。〔病水腹大，小便不利，其脉
沉绝者，有水，可下之。〕
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其人消渴之下，古本有「病水腹大，小便不利，其脉沉绝者，有水可下之」四句，与
上文义不属，当另分为一条，在本门五条之次，始合里水脉证。
里水者，一身面目黄肿，其脉沉，小便不利，故令病水，假如小便自利，此亡津液，
故令渴也。〔越婢加术汤主之。〕
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「越婢加术汤主之」七字，当在后太阳病脉浮而紧条内，发汗即愈之下，文义始属，
必是错简在此。观其里有水之之文，岂有用越婢加术汤发表之药，自可知也。
心水者，其身重而少气，不得卧，烦而躁〔，其人阴肿〕。
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「其人阴肿」四字，当在肾水条内，错简在此，当移之。
肾水者，其腹大脐肿，腰痛不得溺，除下湿，如牛鼻上汗，其足逆冷，面反瘦「，其
人阴肿」。
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「面反瘦」之下，当补上条「其人阴肿」四字。
师曰：寸口脉迟而涩，迟则为寒，涩为血不足；趺阳脉微而迟，微则为气，迟则为寒
。寒气不足，则手足逆冷，手足逆冷，则荣卫不利，荣卫不利，则腹满肠鸣相逐，气
转膀胱，荣卫俱劳，阳气不通即身冷，阴气不通即骨疼；阳气前通则恶寒，阴气前通
则痹不仁；阴阳相得，其气乃行，大气一转，其气乃散，实则失气，虚则遗溺，名曰
气分「，桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主之」。
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名曰气分之下，当补入下条「桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主之」十五字。
〔气分，心下坚，大如盘，边如旋杯，水饮所作，〕〔桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤
主之。〕
【按】
「气分心下坚，大如盘，边如旋杯，水饮所作」之十六字，当是衍文，观心下坚之本
条自知。「桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主之」之十五字，当在上条气分之下，文气
始属，正是气分之治法，必是错简在此，当移之。
脉浮而洪，浮则为风，洪则为气，风气相搏，风强为隐疹，身体为痒，痒为泄风，久
为痂癞；气强则为水，难以俯仰。风气相击，身体「浮」〔洪〕肿，汗出乃愈，恶风
则虚，此为风水；不恶风者，小便通利，上焦有寒，其口多涎〔，此为黄汗〕。
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身体洪肿之「洪」字，当是「浮」字，改之。「此为黄汗」四字，当是衍文。
太阳病脉浮而紧，法当骨节疼痛，反不疼，身体反重而酸，其人不渴，汗出即愈，此
为风水。恶寒者，此为极虚，发汗得之。渴而不恶寒者，此为皮水。身肿而冷，状如
周痹，胸中窒不能食，反聚痛，暮躁不得眠，此为黄汗，痛在骨节。欬而喘，不渴者
，此为「肺」〔脾〕胀，其状如肿，发汗即愈「，越婢加术汤主之」。然诸病此者，
渴而下利，小便数者，皆不可发汗。
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脾胀之「脾」字，当是「肺」字，改之。发汗即愈之下，当补入前条之「越脾加术汤
主之」七字。
「皮」〔里〕水越婢加术汤主之，甘草麻黄汤亦主之。
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里水之「里」字，当是「皮」字，岂有里水，而用麻黄之理，当改之。
〔厥而〕皮水者，蒲灰散主之。
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「厥而」二字，当是衍文。
水之为病，其脉沉小，属少阴。浮者为风，无水虚胀者为「风」〔气〕水。发其汗即
已。脉沉者宜麻黄附子汤，浮者宜杏子汤。
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为气水之「气」字，当是「风」字，若是「气」字，则无发汗之理，且通篇并无气水
之病，当改之。
厥阴经的病症表现为：口渴多饮，气向上冲至心脏，心中感觉疼痛且有灼热感，虽有饥饿感却不想进食，进食后则呕吐出蛔虫，若误用攻下法治疗，会导致腹泻不止。
【按语】
这一条论述的是《伤寒论》中厥阴经的正病，与杂病中的“消渴”含义不同，此处文字顺序必然有误（错简）。
寸口脉象浮而迟缓，浮脉代表正气虚弱，迟脉代表劳损，正气虚弱则卫气不足，劳损则营血枯竭。
【按语】
这一条应当位于《虚劳篇》中，此处文字顺序有误（错简）。
趺阳脉象浮而数，浮脉代表胃气盛，数脉代表能消化食物且大便坚硬，胃气盛则小便频数，小便频数则大便更加坚硬，大便坚与小便数相互搏结，就形成了消渴病。
【按语】
“而大坚”一句不成文理，“大”字下面应当有“便”字，应当补上。
少阴脉象紧而沉，沉脉代表有水湿，小便就会困难，[脉象出现各种沉脉的，应当责求体内有水湿，身体会出现浮肿沉重。]
【按语】
“脉象出现各种沉脉的”这一条，是开始论述水气病的脉象，应当列在篇章开头。但古本在“脉象出现各种沉脉的”之上，有“少阴脉紧而沉……”这四句，文义不连贯，并且有脱漏的文字，不予解释，直接删除。
凡是患水气病的人，眼下像卧蚕一样浮肿，面目光泽鲜明，脉象伏匿，病人感到口渴。[患水气病腹部胀大，小便不利，脉象沉伏难寻的，是有水湿，可以用攻下法治疗。]
【按语】
在“病人感到口渴”之下，古本有“患水气病腹部胀大，小便不利，脉象沉伏难寻的，是有水湿，可以用攻下法治疗”这四句，与上文文义不连贯，应当另列为一条，放在本门第五条之后，才符合里水病的脉证。
里水病，全身面目黄肿，脉象沉，小便不利，因此导致水气病；假如小便自利，这是津液耗伤，因此导致口渴。[应当用越婢加术汤主治。]
【按语】
“越婢加术汤主治”这七个字，应当放在后面太阳病脉浮而紧那条内，“发汗即愈”之后，文义才连贯，必然是文字顺序错误在此。看其文中有里有水湿的描述，难道会用越婢加术汤这种发表的药物吗？由此可知。
心水病，身体沉重且气短，不能平卧，心烦且躁动，[病人阴部肿胀。]
【按语】
“病人阴部肿胀”这四个字，应当放在肾水病条文中，此处文字顺序错误，应当移过去。
肾水病，腹部胀大，肚脐肿胀，腰痛且不能排尿，腰部以下潮湿出汗，像牛鼻子上的汗一样，双脚逆冷，面部反而消瘦，[病人阴部肿胀。]
【按语】
在“面部反而消瘦”之下，应当补上上一条的“病人阴部肿胀”这四个字。
老师说：寸口脉迟而涩，迟脉代表寒邪，涩脉代表血液不足；趺阳脉微而迟，微脉代表气虚，迟脉代表寒邪。寒气与气血不足，就会导致手足逆冷，手足逆冷，则营卫运行不畅，营卫运行不畅，则腹部胀满、肠鸣声相追逐，气机转注膀胱，营卫都劳损，阳气不通畅则身体寒冷，阴气不通畅则骨骼疼痛；阳气先通畅则怕冷，阴气先通畅则麻木不仁；阴阳协调，气机才能运行，大气一转，邪气才能消散，实证会放屁，虚证会遗尿，这叫作气分病，[应当用桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主治。]
【按语】
在“这叫作气分病”之下，应当补入下一条的“桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主治”这十五个字。
[气分病，心下痞硬，大如盘，边缘像旋转的杯子，是水饮所作成的，][应当用桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主治。]
【按语】
“气分病，心下痞硬，大如盘，边缘像旋转的杯子，是水饮所作成的”这十六个字，应当是衍文（多余的文字），看心下痞硬的原本条文自然知道。“桂枝去芍药加麻黄附子细辛汤主治”这十五个字，应当放在上一条气分病之下，文气才连贯，这正是气分病的治疗方法，必然是文字顺序错误在此，应当移动位置。
脉象浮而洪，浮脉代表风邪，洪脉代表气盛，风邪与气盛相互搏结，风邪强盛则为隐疹，身体瘙痒，瘙痒称为泄风，日久则形成痂癞；气盛强盛则为水气病，难以俯仰。风邪与气盛相互搏击，身体[浮][洪]肿，出汗后痊愈，怕风的属于虚证，这是风水病；不怕风的，小便通利，上焦有寒，口中多涎沫，[这是黄汗病。]
【按语】
身体洪肿的“洪”字，应当是“浮”字，改正它。“这是黄汗病”这四个字，应当是衍文。
太阳病脉浮而紧，按照常理应当骨节疼痛，反而不疼，身体反而沉重酸痛，病人不口渴，出汗后即愈，这是风水病。怕冷的，这是极虚，因发汗过度所致。口渴但不怕风的，这是皮水病。身体肿胀且冷，症状像周痹，胸中窒塞不能进食，反而聚痛，傍晚烦躁不得睡眠，这是黄汗病，疼痛在骨节。咳嗽且气喘，不口渴的，这是[肺][脾]胀，症状像浮肿，发汗后即愈，[应当用越婢加术汤主治。]然而患有这些病的，如果口渴且腹泻，小便频数的，都不可发汗。
【按语】
脾胀的“脾”字，应当是“肺”字，改正它。在“发汗后即愈”之下，应当补入前一条的“越婢加术汤主治”这七个字。
【按语】
里水的“里”字，应当是“皮”字，哪有里水病用麻黄的道理呢？应当改正。
【按语】
“四肢厥冷且”这两个字，应当是衍文。
水气病，脉象沉小，属于少阴病。脉浮的属于风邪，无水而虚胀的属于[风][气]水。发汗即可治愈。脉沉的适宜用麻黄附子汤，脉浮的适宜用杏子汤。
【按语】
为气水的“气”字，应当是“风”字，如果是“气”字，就没有发汗的道理，且全篇并没有气水这种病，应当改正。
The disease of the Jueyin meridian manifests as excessive thirst (Xiao Ke), Qi rushing up to the heart, pain and heat in the heart region, hunger without desire to eat, vomiting of roundworms upon eating, and if purgatives are misused, unceasing diarrhea.
[Note]
This clause describes the proper disease of the Jueyin meridian in the *Shanghan Lun* (Treatise on Cold Pathogenic Diseases), which differs from the meaning of "Xiao Ke" (Wasting-Thirst) in miscellaneous diseases; there must be a textual disorder (Cuo Jian).
The pulse at the Cunkou position is floating and slow. Floating indicates deficiency; slow indicates labor/overwork. Deficiency leads to insufficient Wei Qi (Defensive Qi); overwork leads to exhaustion of Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi).
[Note]
This clause should belong in the "Xu Lao" (Deficiency and Emaciation) chapter; there is a textual disorder here.
The pulse at the Fuyang position is floating and rapid. Floating indicates Qi abundance; rapid indicates digestion of food and hard stools. Qi abundance leads to frequent urination; frequent urination leads to hardness [of stool]. Hardness and frequency interacting constitute Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst).
[Note]
The phrase "and large hardness" does not form coherent text. Below the character "Da" (Large), the character "Bian" (Stool) should be added.
The Shaoyin pulse is tight and deep. Deep indicates water retention, leading to difficult urination. [When pulses present various deep qualities, one should attribute it to water retention, resulting in bodily swelling and heaviness.]
[Note]
The clause regarding "various deep pulses" initiates the discussion of water qi disease pulses and should be placed at the beginning of the chapter. However, in ancient editions, above this clause, there are four sentences: "Shaoyin pulse tight and deep...", which do not fit the context and contain missing text; they are omitted and deleted.
In patients with water disease, there is a silkworm-like swelling under the eyes, the face and eyes appear lustrous, the pulse is hidden (Fu), and the patient experiences excessive thirst. [If water disease causes abdominal distension, difficulty in urination, and a deeply hidden pulse indicating water retention, purgation may be used.]
[Note]
Below "the patient experiences excessive thirst," ancient editions have four sentences: "If water disease causes abdominal distension... purgation may be used." These do not align with the preceding text and should be separated into a new clause, placed after the fifth clause of this section, to conform to the pulse and symptoms of Li Shui (Interior Water).
Li Shui (Interior Water) presents with yellowish swelling of the whole body and face, a deep pulse, and difficult urination, thus causing water disease. If urination occurs spontaneously, this indicates loss of Jin Ye (Body Fluids), thus causing thirst. [Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang (Dosing Decoction with Atractodes Rhizome) should be administered.]
[Note]
The seven characters "Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang should be administered" should be placed under the later clause regarding "Taiyang disease, pulse floating and tight," specifically after "cured by sweating," for the text to make sense. It is certainly a textual disorder here. Given the internal presence of water, how could one use Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang, a formula for releasing the exterior? This is evident.
Xin Shui (Heart Water) presents with heavy body and shortness of breath, inability to lie down, irritability, and restlessness, [with swelling of the genitalia in the patient.]
[Note]
The four characters "swelling of the genitalia in the patient" should be in the Shen Shui (Kidney Water) clause; there is a textual disorder here and it should be moved.
Shen Shui (Kidney Water) presents with abdominal distension, umbilical swelling, lower back pain, inability to urinate, dampness below excluding sweat like that on a cow's nose, cold feet, and thinning of the face, [with swelling of the genitalia in the patient.]
[Note]
Below "thinning of the face," the four characters "swelling of the genitalia in the patient" from the previous clause should be added.
The Master said: The Cunkou pulse is slow and choppy. Slow indicates cold; choppy indicates blood deficiency. The Fuyang pulse is faint and slow. Faint indicates Qi deficiency; slow indicates cold. Cold Qi combined with insufficiency leads to cold extremities. Cold extremities lead to poor circulation of Ying and Wei Qi. Poor circulation of Ying and Wei Qi leads to abdominal fullness and peristaltic sounds chasing each other, with Qi transferring to the Bladder. Both Ying and Wei Qi are exhausted. Obstruction of Yang Qi causes body coldness; obstruction of Yin Qi causes bone pain. If Yang Qi opens first, there is aversion to cold; if Yin Qi opens first, there is numbness and insensitivity. When Yin and Yang harmonize, Qi circulates; when the Great Qi rotates, pathogenic factors disperse. Excess results in flatulence; deficiency results in enuresis. This is called Qi Fen (Qi Division/Distribution). [Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction minus Peony plus Ephedra, Aconite, and Asarum) should be administered.]
[Note]
Below "this is called Qi Fen," the fifteen characters "Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang should be administered" from the next clause should be inserted.
[Qi Fen presents with hardness below the heart, large as a plate, with edges like a rotating cup, caused by fluid retention.] [Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang should be administered.]
[Note]
The sixteen characters "Qi Fen presents with hardness below the heart... caused by fluid retention" are likely interpolations (extraneous text), as seen in the original clause for hardness below the heart. The fifteen characters "Guizhi Qu Shaoyao Jia Mahuang Fuzi Xixin Tang should be administered" should be placed under the previous clause on Qi Fen for coherence, as it is indeed the treatment method for Qi Fen. This is a textual disorder and should be moved.
The pulse is floating and surging. Floating indicates Wind; surging indicates Qi. Wind and Qi battling: if Wind dominates, it becomes Yin Zhen (urticaria), causing body itching; itching is called Xie Feng (leaking wind); long-term it becomes scabs and leprosy. If Qi dominates, it becomes water disease, making bending and straightening difficult. Wind and Qi striking each other causes the body to [float] [surge] with swelling; sweating leads to cure. Aversion to wind indicates deficiency; this is Feng Shui (Wind-Water). No aversion to wind, with free urination, and cold in the Upper Jiao with excessive saliva, [this is Huang Han (Yellow Sweat).]
[Note]
The character "Surging" in "body surging swelling" should be "Floating"; correct it. The four characters "this is Huang Han" are likely interpolations.
Taiyang disease with a floating and tight pulse should theoretically cause joint pain; instead, there is no pain, but the body feels heavy and sore. The patient is not thirsty; sweating leads to cure; this is Feng Shui. Aversion to cold indicates extreme deficiency, caused by improper sweating. Thirst without aversion to cold indicates Pi Shui (Skin-Water). Swollen and cold body, resembling Zhou Bi (circulating bi-syndrome), chest oppression preventing eating, intermittent pain, evening restlessness and insomnia, this is Huang Han, with pain in joints. Coughing and wheezing without thirst indicate Fei Zhang (Lung Distension), appearing swollen; sweating leads to cure, [Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang should be administered.] However, for all such diseases, if there is thirst with diarrhea and frequent urination, sweating is contraindicated.
[Note]
The character "Pi" (Spleen) in "Pi Zhang" should be "Fei" (Lung); correct it. Below "sweating leads to cure," the seven characters "Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang should be administered" from the previous clause should be inserted.
[Pi] Shui (Skin-Water) should be treated with Yuebi Jia Zhu Tang; Gancao Mahuang Tang (Licorice and Ephedra Decoction) also treats it.
[Note]
The character "Li" (Interior) in "Li Shui" should be "Pi" (Skin); there is no logic in using Ma Huang (Ephedra) for Interior Water; correct it.
[Jue Er] Pi Shui (Skin-Water) should be treated with Puhui San (Puhui Powder).
[Note]
The two characters "Jue Er" (cold extremities) are likely interpolations.
Water disease with a deep and small pulse belongs to Shaoyin. Floating indicates Wind; empty distension without water indicates [Wind] [Qi] Water. Sweating cures it. Deep pulse suits Mahuang Fuzi Tang (Ephedra and Aconite Decoction); floating pulse suits Xingzi Tang (Apricot Seed Decoction).
[Note]
The character "Qi" in "Qi Water" should be "Wind"; if it were "Qi," there would be no rationale for sweating, and moreover, there is no disease called "Qi Water" throughout the text; correct it.