典藏书目

Rhizoma Anemarrhenae (Zhimu) 6 liang, Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata (Zhigancao) 2 liang, Fructus Coicis (Shigao) 1 jin, Oryza Sativa (Jingmi) 2 he, Ramulus Cinnamomi (Guizhi) 3 liang.
The above five ingredients: take 5 qian per dose, add 1.5 sheng of water, decoct until 0.8 sheng remains, strain the dregs, and take warm orally. Recovery occurs with sweating.

In malaria where chills predominate over fever, it is called Pin Malaria (Malaria with predominant cold pathogen), treated with Shuqi San.
[Commentary]
This discusses Pin Malaria; the original text has lacunae and bamboo slip errors. It is detailed in Huangdi Neijing (The Yellow Emperor's Inner Canon), so no further explanation is given here.

Herba Descurainiae (Shuqi) (washed to remove fishy odor), Natrii Molybdate (Yunmu) (calcined for two days and nights), Os Draconis (Longgu), equal parts.
The above three ingredients are pounded into a powder. Before the onset of malaria, administer half a Qianbi (ancient measure) with Jiangshui (fermented grain water). For Wen Malaria (Warm Malaria), add half a Qianbi of Shuqi, administered at the time of onset, one Qian and seven fen.
[Collected Notes]
Li [Name missing] stated: The symptoms of Pin Malaria are predominantly Yin-cold; treatment should primarily focus on assisting Yang and warming to disperse. Yunmu's root is Yangqishi (Radix Actinolithi); below Yunmu lies Yangqishi, and above Yunmu there is often cloud vapor. Its nature is warm and its Qi ascends; it is a substance that raises and develops Yang Qi. Longgu belongs to Yang, can expel Yin pathogens and raise Yang Qi. Shuqi is the sprout of Changshan (Rhizoma Dichroae), whose function is to treat malaria. Using the sprout instead of the root is to take advantage of its ascending nature, which can penetrate and reach Yang Qi upwards. Adding Shuqi to Warm Malaria also utilizes its ascending and dispersing efficacy.

Wind disease manifests as hemiplegia (half-body paralysis), or only arm paralysis; this is Bi Syndrome (Obstruction Syndrome). The pulse is faint and rapid; this is caused by Zhongfeng (Wind Stroke).
[Annotation]
Wind diseases were discussed in detail in Huangdi Neijing. However, they were often discussed together with Bi Syndrome, confusing later generations. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing reiterated: Wind disease should manifest as hemiplegia, which is what the classics call Pianku (Hemiplegia). If only both arms are paralyzed, it is not Zhongfeng, but Bi disease. Bi is a Yin disease, with pulses mostly deep and choppy; Wind is a Yang disease, with pulses mostly floating and relaxed. Now the pulse is faint and rapid, which is due to Zhongfeng. A faint pulse indicates deficiency of Righteous Qi (Zhengqi); a rapid pulse indicates excess of Pathogenic Qi. Thus, patients suffering from wind invasion due to deficiency invariably show a faint pulse; those developing wind due to heat invariably show a rapid and urgent pulse.
[Collected Notes]
Shen Mingzong stated: This distinguishes between Zhongfeng and Bi. Wind disease either injures Wei Qi (Defensive Qi) or permeates Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi), hence hemiplegia occurs, meaning the Qi of half the body is injured and non-functional. If only the arms are paralyzed, this is Bi; Bi means obstruction, referring to the obstruction of Qi in a specific segment leading to insensitivity. Upon pulse diagnosis, it must be faint and rapid; faintness indicates weak Yang; rapidity indicates frequent Wind. This is caused by Zhongfeng, meaning Wind enters due to deficiency, subsequently causing hemiplegia.

At the Cun Kou (Radial artery) position, the pulse is floating and tight. Tightness indicates Cold; Floating indicates Deficiency. Cold and Deficiency contend with each other; the pathogen is in the skin. Floating indicates Blood deficiency; collateral vessels are empty. The thief pathogen (external evil) cannot be discharged. It may affect the left or the right. Where the pathogen resides, muscles become flaccid; where Righteous Qi resides, muscles become tense. Righteous Qi pulls the pathogen, resulting in facial deviation (Kwai Pi) and inability to move freely. If the pathogen is in the collaterals, the skin and flesh are numb and insensitive. If the pathogen is in the meridians, the body feels heavy and difficult to lift. If the pathogen enters the Fu organs, consciousness is lost and the person does not recognize others. If the pathogen enters the Zang organs, speech becomes difficult, and saliva dribbles from the mouth.
[Commentary]
"The Cun Kou pulse is floating and tight, tightness indicates Cold, floating indicates Deficiency, Cold and Deficiency contend, the pathogen is in the skin" – these five sentences do not belong to the context of this article and should be placed at the beginning of the next article. "Cun Kou pulse is slow and relaxed, slowness indicates Cold, relaxation indicates Deficiency; Relaxation in Ying leads to Blood loss, Relaxation in Wei leads to Zhongfeng; Pathogen strikes the meridian" – these six sentences also do not belong to the context of this article and should be placed at the beginning of this article, so that the textual flow is coherent. This must be a result of bamboo slip disorder. The phrase "Floating indicates Blood deficiency" is likely an interpolation. In "Floating indicates Deficiency" and "Cold and Deficiency contend," the two characters "Deficiency" should be "Wind," which is a transcription error.
[Annotation]
The pulses for Zhongfeng and deficient pathogens should all be floating and relaxed, as Floating governs Wind and Relaxed governs Deficiency. Seeing a relaxed pulse in the Ying aspect indicates depletion of blood in the meridians; seeing a relaxed pulse in the Wei aspect indicates emptiness of Qi in the meridians. Generally, when Wind pathogen invades humans, it does so through empty meridians, blood, and Qi. When the thief pathogen cannot be discharged and stays without leaving, if on the left, the left side suffers; if on the right, the right side suffers. Superficially, it affects meridians and collaterals; deeply, it affects Zang and Fu organs. If the pathogen is in the collaterals, it causes numbness and insensitivity of the skin and flesh; if in the meridians, it causes heaviness of the limbs, facial deviation, and inability to move freely; if entering the Fu organs, it causes closure of the nine orifices and unconsciousness; if entering the Zang organs, it causes aphasia and drooling.

At the Cun Kou position, the pulse is slow and relaxed. Slowness indicates Cold; relaxation indicates Deficiency. Relaxation in Ying indicates Blood loss; relaxation in Wei indicates Zhongfeng. If the pathogen strikes the meridians, the body itches and urticaria (wind wheals) appear. If Heart Qi is insufficient, and the pathogen enters the center, chest fullness and shortness of breath occur.
[Commentary]
"Cun Kou pulse is slow and relaxed, slowness indicates Cold." The two characters "Slow" should be "Floating," and the character "Cold" should be "Wind," so that the meaning becomes clear. Moreover, Slow and Relaxed pulses cannot coexist; this must be a transcription error.
[Annotation]
The previous article elucidated diseases caused by deficient and thief winds; this article elucidates diseases caused by Ying-Wei, Wind, and Cold. Cun Kou pulse floating and tight: tightness indicates Cold, floating indicates Wind. Wind and Cold pathogens contend at the exterior, stagnating in the skin and meridians, causing body itching and urticaria. If the person has insufficient Heart Qi, meaning insufficiency of Qi in the heart and chest, and the pathogen enters the heart and chest, it causes chest fullness and shortness of breath.

At the Cun Kou position, the pulse is deep and weak. Deepness governs bones; weakness governs sinews. Deepness corresponds to Kidney; weakness corresponds to Liver. Sweating and then entering water, as if water injures the Heart, Lijie (Periarthritis/Joint Pain) presents with yellow sweat, thus it is called Lijie.
[Annotation]
Cun Kou pulse deep and weak indicates insufficiency of Liver and Kidney Qi. The Liver governs sinews, and the Kidney governs bones. Insufficiency of Liver and Kidney leads to flaccidity and weakness of sinews and bones. Once attacked by Wind-Cold-Damp pathogens, disease occurs at the junctions of sinews, bones, and joints. When a person sweats, the pores are open, and Wind easily enters. How much more so when bathing in water, inevitably leading to Cold! Water injuring the Heart: the Heart governs sweat. Sweat stagnates and transforms into Dampness. Thus, Wind dominance causes Lijie, and Damp dominance causes yellow sweat.
[Collected Notes]
Zhao Liang said: The Kidney governs Water and combines with Bones, so a deep pulse indicates disease in the bones. The Liver stores Blood and combines with Sinews; Blood deficiency leads to a weak pulse, so disease is in the sinews. The Heart governs sweat. Entering water while sweating, the sweat is obstructed by water. Water and sweat contend, gathering to form Dampness. Over time, it transforms into Heat. Heat and Dampness steam each other, causing yellow sweat in Lijie.

Sour taste injures sinews; sinew injury leads to flaccidity, called Xie (Leakage). Salty taste injures bones; bone injury leads to atrophy, called Ku (Withered). Withered and Leakage contend, called Duanxie (Severance and Leakage). Ying Qi circulation is blocked, Wei Qi cannot circulate independently. Ying and Wei are both diminished, the San Jiao (Triple Burner) loses control, the four extremities are severed, the body becomes emaciated, only the feet swell, yellow sweat appears, calves are cold. If fever occurs, it becomes Lijie disease. Patients with Lijie cannot flex or extend, experiencing pain; Wutou Tang is indicated.
[Commentary]
The character "Xie" in "Duanxie" should be "Jue" (Severance), to connect with the following text; this must be a transcription error.
[Annotation]
This elaborates on the previous article, mutually explaining the meaning to clarify treatment. Lijie disease belongs to Liver and Kidney deficiency. Insufficiency of Liver and Kidney internally leads to lack of nourishment of sinews and bones externally, allowing exogenous pathogens to invade and cause this disease. The reasons for this deficiency are manifold. Prolonged excessive consumption of flavors can also cause this disease. Excessive sour flavor injures the Liver; Liver injury injures sinews; sinew injury leads to flaccidity and inability to hold, called Xie. Excessive salty flavor injures the Kidney; Kidney injury injures bones; bone injury leads to withering and inability to stand, called Ku. Withered and Xie contend, called Duanjue (Severance). Duanjue means Ying Qi is blocked, Wei Qi cannot circulate independently, Ying and Wei are both deficient, the San Jiao loses its domain, the four limbs are severed, and the body is emaciated. If only the feet swell and calves are cold, it is Cold dominance congealing below. If yellow sweat spontaneously appears, it is Damp dominance manifesting in the middle. If fever occurs, it belongs to Wind, becoming Lijie. Lijie is characterized by joint pain and inability to flex or extend; therefore, Wutou Tang is used to unblock Ying, promote Wei, and drive out Wind, Cold, and Damp pathogens. Processing Wutou (Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata) with honey is a method to mitigate its toxicity.
[Collected Notes]
Shen Mingzong stated: Jingui Yaolue supplements that dietary internal injury to Spleen, Stomach, Heart, Lung, Liver, and Kidney causes disease, called Lijie. However, the presented pulse and symptoms are all due to alcohol consumption, internal dampness and heat attracting external pathogens to combine. It is said that sweating after drinking and exposing oneself to wind causes it, illustrating that "where the pathogen gathers, the Qi must be deficient." Whether external Wind combines with internal Damp, external Cold combines with internal Damp, internal Cold attracts external Damp, or internal Heat attracts external Damp, these critical junctures must be understood. One must distinguish whether Wind, Cold, or Dampness predominates, and formulate methods for releasing the exterior, warming the interior, promoting Yang, tonifying deficiency, and dispersing pathogens. Therefore, treating this requires consulting Ling Shu, Su Wen, and Jingui Yaolue together for completeness. Blindly using established formulas is not the work of a skilled physician.