（见妇人杂病中）
@@@
脉浮，小便不利，微热消渴者，宜利小便，发汗，五苓散主之。
【注】
脉浮，病生于外也；脉浮微热，热在表也；小便不利，水停中也；水停则不化津液，
故消渴也。发表利水止渴生津之剂，惟五苓散能之，故以五苓散主之也。于此推之，
曰脉浮，可知上条脉沉也；曰微热，可知上条无热也。且可知凡脉沉无热之消渴，皆
当用肾气丸方也。
（见痰饮中）
@@@
脉浮发热，渴欲饮水，小便不利者，猪苓汤主之。
【注】
此与上条文同义异。文同者，脉浮小便不利，发热、微热、渴欲饮水、消渴也。而义
异者，一以五苓散利水发汗，一以猪苓汤利水滋干也。审其所以义异之意，必在有汗
、无汗之间也。何以知之？一以发汗为主，其因无汗可知；一以滋干为主，其因有汗
可知。故文同而义异，病同而治别也。仲景之书，言外寓意处甚多，在学者以意会之
自识也。
猪苓（去皮） 茯苓 阿胶 滑石 泽泻各一两
右五味，以水四升，先煮四味，取二升，去滓，内胶烊消，温服七合，日三服。
@@@
渴欲饮水，口干舌燥者，白虎加人参汤主之。
【注】
消渴则渴欲饮水，水入即消，而仍口干舌燥者，是热邪盛也，故以白虎加人参汤，清
热生津也。
（此条文见于《妇人杂病》篇中）
脉象浮，小便排出不畅，伴有轻微发热和口渴多饮的症状，适宜采用通利小便、发汗的方法治疗，以五苓散为主方。
【注释】
脉象浮，说明病邪在体表；脉浮且伴有轻微发热，说明热邪在表；小便排出不畅，说明水湿停滞在中焦；水湿停滞则无法气化生成津液，因此出现口渴多饮。能够发表、利水、止渴并生津液的方剂，只有五苓散能做到，所以用五苓散作为主方。由此推断，文中提到“脉浮”，可知上一条条文中的脉象是沉；提到“微热”，可知上一条条文中没有发热。并且可以推知，凡是脉象沉且无发热的消渴证，都应当使用肾气丸方。
（此条文见于《痰饮》篇中）
脉象浮，发热，口渴想喝水，但小便排出不畅的，以猪苓汤为主方。
【注释】
这一条与上一条条文文字相同但含义不同。文字相同之处，在于都有脉浮、小便不利、发热（或微热）、口渴想喝水（或消渴）。而含义不同之处在于：一条是用五苓散来利水发汗，另一条是用猪苓汤来利水滋润干燥。仔细推敲其含义不同的原因，必然在于患者有汗或无汗的区别。怎么知道呢？因为一方以发汗为主，可知其病因是无汗；另一方以滋润干燥为主，可知其病因是有汗。所以虽然文字相同但含义不同，病症相似但治疗方法有别。张仲景的著作中，言外之意很多，需要学者用心体会，自然就能领悟。
猪苓（去皮） 茯苓 阿胶 滑石 泽泻 各一两
以上五味药，用水四升，先煮前四味药，取药液二升，去渣，加入阿胶使其溶化，每次温服七合，每日服用三次。
口渴想喝水，口干舌燥的，以白虎加人参汤为主方。
【注释】
消渴证表现为口渴想喝水，水喝下去随即被消耗，但仍然感到口干舌燥，这是热邪炽盛的表现，所以用白虎加人参汤来清热生津。
(This clause is found in the "Miscellaneous Diseases of Women" section.)
When the pulse is floating, urination is difficult, and there is slight fever with excessive thirst, the appropriate treatment is to promote diuresis and induce sweating. Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) should be used as the principal formula.
[Annotation]
A floating pulse indicates that the pathogen is located in the exterior; a floating pulse accompanied by slight fever indicates heat in the exterior; difficulty in urination indicates water retention in the middle jiao. When water is retained, it fails to transform into body fluids, resulting in excessive thirst. The only remedy capable of releasing the exterior, promoting diuresis, relieving thirst, and generating fluids is Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria); therefore, it is used as the principal formula. From this, we can infer: mentioning "floating pulse" implies that the pulse in the preceding clause was deep; mentioning "slight fever" implies that there was no fever in the preceding clause. Furthermore, it can be deduced that for cases of excessive thirst characterized by a deep pulse and absence of fever, Shen Qi Wan (Kidney Qi Pill) should be employed.
(This clause is found in the "Phlegm-Fluids" section.)
When the pulse is floating, there is fever, a desire to drink water, but urination is difficult, Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction) should be used as the principal formula.
[Annotation]
This clause shares the same text but differs in meaning from the preceding one. The similarity in text lies in the presence of a floating pulse, difficult urination, fever (or slight fever), and a desire to drink water (or excessive thirst). The difference in meaning lies in the therapeutic approach: one uses Wu Ling San (Five-Ingredient Powder with Poria) to promote diuresis and induce sweating, while the other uses Zhu Ling Tang (Polyporus Decoction) to promote diuresis and nourish dryness. Examining the reason for this difference in meaning reveals that it must lie in the distinction between patients who are sweating and those who are not. How do we know this? Since one formula primarily induces sweating, it can be inferred that the cause is an absence of sweat; since the other formula primarily nourishes dryness, it can be inferred that the cause is the presence of sweat. Thus, although the text is identical, the meaning differs; although the disease presentation is similar, the treatment methods are distinct. Zhang Zhongjing's writings contain many implicit meanings; scholars must comprehend them through careful reflection to truly understand.
Zhu Ling (Polypori Umbellati Sclerotium, peeled), Fu Ling (Poria), E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini, Donkey-Hide Gelatin), Hua Shi (Talcum), Ze Xie (Alismatis Rhizoma) — each 1 liang.
Take these five ingredients, add four sheng of water, first decoct the first four ingredients until two sheng remain, remove the dregs, then add E Jiao (Colla Corii Asini) and melt it. Take seven ge warm, three times daily.
When there is a desire to drink water accompanied by dry mouth and tongue, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) should be used as the principal formula.
[Annotation]
In cases of Xiao Ke (excessive thirst), the patient desires to drink water, which is consumed immediately upon ingestion, yet dry mouth and tongue persist. This indicates flourishing heat pathogens; therefore, Bai Hu Jia Ren Shen Tang (White Tiger Decoction plus Ginseng) is used to clear heat and generate fluids.