栝蒌薤白白酒汤 栝蒌薤白半夏汤
1.栝蒌薤白白酒汤, 胸痹胸背痛难当, 喘息短气时咳唾, 难卧仍加
半夏良.
【注】栝蒌薤白白酒汤, 即栝蒌实, 小根菜, 水白酒煎也.
颠倒木金散
2.胸痛气血热饮痰, 颠倒木金血气安, 饮热大陷小陷治, 顽痰须用
控涎丹.
【注】胸痛之证, 须分属气, 属血, 属热饮, 属老痰. 颠倒木金散,
即木香, 郁金也. 属气郁痛者, 以倍木香君之. 属血郁痛者, 以倍郁
金君之. 为末, 每服二钱, 老酒调下. 虚者, 加人参更效. 胸中有痰
饮热作痛者, 轻者小陷胸汤, 重者大陷胸汤, 丸治之. 若吐唾稠粘痰
盛,则用控涎丹.
枳芎散 枳橘散 柴胡疏肝汤 加味逍遥散 左金丸 当归龙荟丸
3.胁痛左属瘀留血, 轻金芎枳草重攻, 右属痰气重逐饮, 片姜橘枳
草医轻, 肝实太息难转侧, 肝虚作痛引肩胸, 实用疏肝柴芍草, 香附
枳陈与川芎, 肝虚逍遥加芎细, 陈皮生姜缓其中, 肝虚左金实龙荟,
一条扛起积食攻.
【注】左属瘀血: 轻, 谓瘀血轻者, 宜用枳芎散, 枳芎散, 即枳壳,
抚芎, 郁金, 甘草也. 重攻, 谓瘀血重者, 宜以攻血之剂也. 右属痰
气.重逐饮, 谓以控涎, 十枣逐痛之重者也. 枳橘散, 即枳壳, 橘皮
,片子姜黄, 甘草, 医痛之轻者也. 柴胡疏肝散, 即白芍, 甘草, 香
附,枳壳, 陈皮, 川芎也. 逍遥散, 即白术, 茯苓, 当归, 白芍, 柴
胡,炙草, 薄荷少许, 加川芎, 细辛, 陈皮, 生姜也. 左金, 即左金
丸,吴茱萸, 黄连也. 肝实火旺者, 当归龙荟丸. 积食者, 以化滞丸
.积饮者, 以控涎丹.
1. 瓜蒌薤白白酒汤，主治胸痹（胸部闷痛）导致胸痛背痛难以忍受，伴有喘息、气短、时常咳嗽吐痰，若症状严重至无法平卧，加入半夏疗效更佳。
【注】瓜蒌薤白白酒汤，即由瓜蒌实、薤白（小根菜）、水与白酒煎煮而成。
2. 胸痛若因气血热及痰饮所致，服用颠倒木金散可使气血安宁；若属饮热证，轻者用小陷胸汤治疗，重者用大陷胸汤治疗；若是顽固之痰，则需用控涎丹。
【注】胸痛的证候，必须区分是属气、属血、属热饮还是属老痰。颠倒木金散，即由木香、郁金组成。属于气郁疼痛的，加倍使用木香作为主药；属于血郁疼痛的，加倍使用郁金作为主药。研为细末，每次服用二钱，用老酒调服。体质虚弱者，加入人参效果更佳。胸中有痰饮热邪作痛的，轻症用小陷胸汤，重症用大陷胸汤丸剂治疗。如果吐出粘稠浓稠的痰液且痰量多，则使用控涎丹。
3. 胁痛左侧多属瘀血停留，轻症用枳芎散（枳壳、川芎、甘草等），重症需强力攻逐瘀血；右侧多属痰气，重症需逐饮，可用片姜黄、橘皮、枳壳、甘草治疗轻症。肝实证表现为叹息、身体难以转侧；肝虚证表现为疼痛牵引至肩胸。肝实证实用柴胡疏肝汤（柴胡、白芍、甘草、香附、枳壳、陈皮、川芎）；肝虚证用逍遥散加川芎、细辛，并配伍陈皮、生姜以缓和其中焦之气。肝虚证用左金丸，肝实证用当归龙荟丸，若有积食则用化滞丸攻逐。
【注】左侧属瘀血：轻，指瘀血轻微者，适宜使用枳芎散，枳芎散即由枳壳、抚芎（川芎的一种）、郁金、甘草组成。重攻，指瘀血严重者，适宜使用攻逐血的药剂。右侧属痰气：重逐饮，指用控涎丹、十枣汤等强力逐饮止痛的方法。枳橘散，即由枳壳、橘皮、片子姜黄、甘草组成，用于治疗轻症疼痛。柴胡疏肝散，即由白芍、甘草、香附、枳壳、陈皮、川芎组成。逍遥散，即由白术、茯苓、当归、白芍、柴胡、炙甘草、少许薄荷组成，若加川芎、细辛、陈皮、生姜则为加味逍遥散。左金，即左金丸，由吴茱萸、黄连组成。肝实火旺者，使用当归龙荟丸。有积食者，使用化滞丸。有积饮者，使用控涎丹。
Gualou Xiebai Jiuba Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit, Macrostemon Rhizome, and White Wine Decoction), Gualou Xiebai Banxia Tang (Trichosanthes Fruit, Macrostemon Rhizome, and Pinellia Decoction)
1. Gualou Xiebai Jiuba Tang treats Xiongbi (chest bi-syndrome, characterized by chest pain and obstruction), where chest and back pain are unbearable, accompanied by panting, shortness of breath, and frequent coughing with sputum. If the condition is severe enough to prevent lying flat, adding Banxia (Pinellia Rhizome) improves efficacy.
[Note] Gualou Xiebai Jiuba Tang consists of Gualou Shi (Trichosanthis Fructus), Xiebai (Allii Macrostemis Bulbus, also known as small-root vegetable), water, and Baijiu (white wine), decocted together.
Diandao Mujin San (Inverted Wood and Metal Powder)
2. For chest pain caused by Qi and Blood heat along with Phlegm-Fluid retention, Diandao Mujin San can regulate Qi and Blood. For Phlegm-Heat due to Fluid retention, mild cases are treated with Xiaoxianxiong Tang (Minor Inverting Chest Decoction), while severe cases are treated with Daxianxiong Tang (Major Inverting Chest Decoction). For stubborn Phlegm, Kongxian Dan (Control Saliva Pill) is required.
[Note] Chest pain syndromes must be differentiated into those belonging to Qi, Blood, Heat-Fluid, or Old Phlegm. Diandao Mujin San consists of Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix) and Yujin (Curcumae Radix). For pain due to Qi stagnation, double the dosage of Muxiang as the sovereign herb; for pain due to Blood stagnation, double the dosage of Yujin as the sovereign herb. Grind into powder, take 2 qian per dose, mixed with aged wine. For deficiency patterns, adding Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) enhances efficacy. For chest pain caused by Phlegm-Fluid and Heat in the chest, mild cases use Xiaoxianxiong Tang, and severe cases use Daxianxiong Tang in pill form. If thick, sticky sputum is abundant, Kongxian Dan is used.
Zhixiong San (Immature Bitter Orange and Ligusticum Powder), Zhiju San (Immature Bitter Orange and Tangerine Peel Powder), Chaihu Shugan Tang (Bupleurum Liver-Soothing Decoction), Jiawei Xiaoyao San (Modified Free Wanderer Powder), Zuojin Wan (Left Metal Pill), Danggui Longhui Wan (Angelica Dragon Ash Pill)
3. Hypochondriac pain on the left side often belongs to Stasis-Blood retention. Mild cases are treated with Zhixiong San (Zhike, Chuanxiong, Gancao), while severe cases require aggressive blood-invigorating treatment. Pain on the right side often belongs to Phlegm-Qi; severe cases require fluid-draining, which can be treated with Pianjiang Huang, Ju Pi, Zhike, and Gancao for mild pain. Liver Excess manifests as sighing and difficulty turning the body; Liver Deficiency manifests as pain radiating to the shoulder and chest. For Liver Excess, Chaihu Shugan Tang (Chaihu, Baishao, Gancao, Xiangfu, Zhike, Chenpi, Chuanxiong) is used. For Liver Deficiency, Xiaoyao San is modified with Chuanxiong and Xixin, combined with Chenpi and Shengjiang to moderate the Middle Jiao. For Liver Deficiency, Zuojin Wan is used; for Liver Excess, Danggui Longhui Wan is used. For food stagnation, Huazhi Wan is used to attack the accumulation.
[Note] Left side belongs to Stasis-Blood: "Mild" refers to slight Stasis-Blood, suitable for Zhixiong San, which consists of Zhike (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus), Fuxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Hort.), Yujin, and Gancao. "Aggressive attack" refers to severe Stasis-Blood, suitable for blood-invigorating formulas. Right side belongs to Phlegm-Qi: "Severe fluid-draining" refers to using strong fluid-draining agents like Kongxian Dan or Shizao Tang to relieve pain. Zhiju San consists of Zhike, Ju Pi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Pianjiang Huang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma), and Gancao, treating mild pain. Chaihu Shugan San consists of Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba), Gancao, Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Zhike, Chenpi, and Chuanxiong. Xiaoyao San consists of Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix), Baishao, Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix), Zhigancao (Prepared Licorice Root), and a small amount of Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba); adding Chuanxiong, Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), Chenpi, and Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) constitutes the modified version. Zuojin refers to Zuojin Wan, consisting of Wuzhuyu (Evodiae Fructus) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma). For Liver Excess with Fire Hyperactivity, Danggui Longhui Wan is used. For food stagnation, Huazhi Wan is used. For fluid accumulation, Kongxian Dan is used.