脉来缓，时一止复来者，名曰结；脉来数，时一止复来者，名曰促。阳盛则促，阴盛
则结，此皆病脉。〔脉按之来缓，时一止复动者，名曰结；又脉来动而中止，更来小
数，中有还者反动，名曰结阴也。〕
【按】
「脉按之来缓，时一止复动，至名曰结阴也」数语，文义不顺，且前论促结之脉已明
，衍文也，当删之。
阴阳相搏，名曰动，阳动则「发热」〔汗出〕，阴动则「汗出」〔发热〕，形冷恶寒
者，此三焦伤也。若数脉见于关上，上下无头尾，如豆大，厥厥动摇者，名曰动也。
【按】
阳动则「汗出」二字，当是「发热」二字；阴动则「发热」二字，当是「汗出」二字
。阳加于阳，岂有汗出之理？『素问』曰：阳加于阴，谓之汗，遵经移之。
脉阴阳俱紧，至于吐利，其脉独不解，紧去「人」〔入〕安，此为欲解。若脉迟至六
七日不欲食，〔此为晚发，水停故也〕为未解；食自可者，为欲解。
【按】
紧去入安之「入」字，当是「人」字，人安谓不吐利也。「此为晚发，水停故也」二
句，与上下文义不属，应是衍文，当改之，删之。
脉浮而数，浮为风，数为「热」〔虚风为热虚为寒〕，风「热」〔虚〕相搏，则洒淅
恶寒也。
【按】
数为虚之「虚」字，应是「热」字。「风为热，虚为寒」二句，应是衍文。风虚相抟
之「虚」字，亦应是「热」字。当改之。
寸口诸微亡阳，诸濡「卫虚」〔亡血〕，诸弱「荣虚」〔发热〕，诸紧为寒，诸乘寒
者则为厥，郁冒不仁，以胃无谷气，脾涩不通，口急不能言，战而栗也。
【按】
诸濡亡血，当是「诸濡卫虚」，诸弱发热，当是「诸弱荣虚」。濡、浮而无力，候阳
虚也，岂有亡血之理？弱、沉而无力，候阴虚也，岂止发热而已，当改之。
师曰：病人脉微而涩者，此为医所病也。大发其汗，又数大下之，其人亡血，病当恶
寒，后乃发热，无休止时。夏月盛热，欲着复衣，冬月盛寒，欲裸其身，所以然者，
阳微则恶寒，阴弱则发热，此医发其汗，使阳气微，又大下之，令阴气弱，五月之时
，阳气在表，胃中虚冷，以阳气内微，不能胜冷，故欲着复衣。十一月之时，阳气在
里，胃中烦热，以阴气内弱，不能胜热，故欲裸其身。〔又阴脉迟涩，故知血亡也〕
【按】
「又阴迟涩，故知血亡也」二句，与上文义不属，衍文也，当删之。
寸口脉弱而迟，弱者「阳」〔卫〕气微，迟者「脾」〔荣〕中寒，「阳气微，脾中寒
」〔荣为血血寒则发热卫为气气微〕者，心内饥，饥而虚满不能食也。
【按】
条末「心内饥，饥而虚满不能食」句，此是论脾胃，不关荣卫。故弱者卫气微，当是
「阳气微」；迟者荣中寒，当是「脾中寒」；上下文义始属。荣为血，岂有血寒发热
之理？卫为气，气微者，皆不成文，今悉易之。当是「阳气微，脾中寒者心内饥」，
阅下条言胃气有余自知，当改之。
趺阳脉浮而涩，少阴脉如经者，其病在脾，法当下利，何以知之？〔若脉浮大者，气
实血虚也〕，今趺阳脉浮而涩，故知脾气不足，胃气虚也；以少阴脉「沉而滑」〔弦
而浮〕才见，此为调脉，故称如经也。若反滑而数者，故知当尿脓也。
【按】
「若脉浮大者，气实血虚也」二句，与上下文义不属，当删之。少阴脉弦而浮，岂可
谓如经乎？当改「沉」、「滑」二字。
趺阳脉伏而涩，伏则吐逆，水谷不「入」〔化〕，涩则「不得小便」〔食不得入〕，
名曰关格。
【按】
水谷不化之「化」字，当是「入」字，若是「化」字，是能食也，何名曰格？「食不
得入」当是「不得小便」，若有小便，是水道通也，何名曰关？悉改之。
趺阳脉紧而浮，浮为气，紧为寒，浮为腹满，紧为绞痛，浮紧相抟，肠鸣而转，转即
气动，膈气乃下，少阴脉不出，其阴肿大而「痛」〔虚〕也。
【按】
阴肿大而虚之「虚」字，应改「痛」字，细玩自知。
脉搏跳动缓慢，偶尔出现一次停顿后继续跳动的，称为结脉；脉搏跳动快速，偶尔出现一次停顿后继续跳动的，称为促脉。阳气偏盛则出现促脉，阴气偏盛则出现结脉，这些都属于病理性脉象。〔按之脉搏来势缓慢，偶尔停顿后又恢复跳动，至数名为结阴脉。〕
【按语】
“按之脉搏来势缓慢，偶尔停顿后又恢复跳动，至数名为结阴脉”这几句话，文义不通顺，且前文论述促脉和结脉已经明确，这是衍文（多余的文字），应当删除。
阴阳二气相互搏结，称为动脉。阳气偏盛而动脉显现则发热〔汗出〕，阴气偏盛而动脉显现则汗出〔发热〕，身体寒冷、怕冷的，这是三焦受损的表现。如果在关部脉位出现数脉，上下没有头尾之分，大小如豆粒，厥厥然动摇不定的，称为动脉。
【按语】
阳动则“汗出”二字，应当是“发热”二字；阴动则“发热”二字，应当是“汗出”二字。阳气加于阳分，怎么会有汗出的道理？《素问》说：阳加于阴，谓之汗，遵循经典将文字移正。
脉象寸关尺三部都紧，到了出现呕吐腹泻的时候，如果脉象唯独不解散（仍紧），紧脉去而人安，这表示病情将要解除。如果脉迟，到了六七天不想吃东西，〔这是因为晚发，水饮停聚的缘故〕，表示病未解除；如果能正常进食的，表示病情将要解除。
【按语】
紧去入安之“入”字，应当是“人”字，人安指的是不再呕吐腹泻。“此为晚发，水停故也”这两句，与上下文义不连贯，应是衍文，应当修改或删除。
脉象浮而数，浮主风邪，数主“热”〔虚风为热，虚为寒〕，风与“热”〔虚〕相搏结，则会出现洒淅恶寒的症状。
【按语】
数为虚之“虚”字，应当是“热”字。“风为热，虚为寒”两句，应是衍文。风虚相抟之“虚”字，也应当是“热”字。应当修改。
寸口脉微，表示亡阳；脉濡，表示“卫虚”〔亡血〕；脉弱，表示“荣虚”〔发热〕；脉紧，表示寒邪；凡是乘受寒邪的，就会发生厥逆，出现郁冒、麻木不仁的症状，这是因为胃中无谷气，脾运涩滞不通，导致口唇拘急不能言语，身体颤抖战栗。
【按语】
诸濡亡血，应当是“诸濡卫虚”；诸弱发热，应当是“诸弱荣虚”。濡脉，浮取无力，候的是阳虚，哪有亡血的道理？弱脉，沉取无力，候的是阴虚，岂止是发热而已，应当修改。
老师说：病人脉象微而涩，这是医生治疗失误造成的。大发其汗，又多次峻下，导致其人亡血，病应当表现为恶寒，随后才发热，且发热没有休止的时候。夏季天气大热，却想穿厚衣服；冬季天气大寒，却想裸露身体。之所以这样，是因为阳气微弱则恶寒，阴气虚弱则发热。这是医生发了汗，使阳气微弱，又大下之，令阴气虚弱。五月之时，阳气在体表，胃中虚冷，因为阳气内里微弱，不能战胜寒气，所以想穿厚衣服。十一月之时，阳气在体内，胃中烦热，因为阴气内里虚弱，不能战胜热气，所以想裸露身体。〔又因阴脉迟涩，所以知道血亡失〕
【按语】
“又阴迟涩，故知血亡也”两句，与上文义不连贯，是衍文，应当删除。
寸口脉弱而迟，弱者“阳”〔卫〕气微弱，迟者“脾”〔荣〕中有寒，“阳气微，脾中寒”〔荣为血，血寒则发热；卫为气，气微〕，表现为心中饥饿，但饥饿时腹部虚满而不能进食。
【按语】
条末“心内饥，饥而虚满不能食”一句，这是在论述脾胃，与荣卫无关。所以弱者卫气微，应当是“阳气微”；迟者荣中寒，应当是“脾中寒”；这样上下文义才连贯。荣为血，哪有血寒发热的道理？卫为气，气微者，皆不成文，现在全部改正。应当是“阳气微，脾中寒者心内饥”，阅读下一条关于胃气有余自知的内容，应当修改。
趺阳脉浮而涩，少阴脉如常经者，病位在脾，按照法度应当出现下利，怎么知道呢？〔若脉浮大，是气实血虚〕，现在趺阳脉浮而涩，所以知道脾气不足，胃气虚弱；因为少阴脉“沉而滑”〔弦而浮〕刚刚见到，这是调和之脉，所以称为如经（像正常经脉一样）。如果反而出现滑而数的脉象，所以知道应当尿出脓液。
【按语】
“若脉浮大者，气实血虚也”两句，与上下文义不连贯，应当删除。少阴脉弦而浮，怎么能说是如经（正常）呢？应当改为“沉”、“滑”二字。
趺阳脉伏而涩，伏则呕吐逆乱，水谷不“入”〔化〕，涩则“不得小便”〔食不得入〕，称为关格。
【按语】
水谷不化之“化”字，应当是“入”字，如果是“化”字，就是能进食，何名曰格（格拒）？“食不得入”应当是“不得小便”，如果有小便，说明水道通畅，何名曰关（关闭）？全部修改。
趺阳脉紧而浮，浮主气滞，紧主寒邪，浮导致腹满，紧导致绞痛，浮紧相搏结，肠鸣且转动，转动即气动，膈间之气乃下行，少阴脉不出，其阴部肿大而“痛”〔虚〕。
【按语】
阴肿大而虚之“虚”字，应改为“痛”字，仔细玩味自知。
The pulse arrives slowly, occasionally pausing before resuming, is named Jie (Knotted) pulse; the pulse arrives rapidly, occasionally pausing before resuming, is named Cu (Rapidly Knotted) pulse. Yang excess leads to Cu pulse, Yin excess leads to Jie pulse; these are all pathological pulses. [When pressed, the pulse arrives slowly, occasionally pausing and then moving again, with a slow rate, it is named Yin-Jie pulse.]
[Commentary]
The phrase "when pressed, the pulse arrives slowly, occasionally pausing and then moving again, with a slow rate, it is named Yin-Jie pulse" is semantically incoherent, and since the discussion of Cu and Jie pulses has already been clarified previously, this is an interpolatory text (derivative text) and should be deleted.
Yin and Yang qi fighting each other is named Dong (Moving) pulse. When Yang moves, there is "fever" [sweating]; when Yin moves, there is "sweating" [fever]. If the body is cold and aversion to cold occurs, this indicates injury to the Sanjiao (Triple Burner). If a rapid pulse appears at the Guan (Carpal) position, without head or tail above or below, large as a bean, quivering and shaking, it is named Dong (Moving) pulse.
[Commentary]
The characters "sweating" after Yang moves should be "fever"; the characters "fever" after Yin moves should be "sweating". How can Yang added to Yang result in sweating? The *Suwen* states: "Yang added to Yin is called sweat." Follow the classic by shifting the text.
If the pulse is tight across the Yin, Yang, and Guan positions, and vomiting and diarrhea occur, but the pulse alone does not resolve (remains tight), and the person becomes comfortable after the tightness leaves, this indicates the disease is about to resolve. If the pulse is slow, reaching six or seven days, and there is no desire to eat, [this is late onset, due to water retention], indicating the disease has not resolved; if eating is normal, it indicates the disease is about to resolve.
[Commentary]
The character "Ru" (Enter) in "tight leaves, Ru enters, comfort" should be "Ren" (Person); "Ren An" means no longer vomiting or diarrhea. The two sentences "This is late onset, due to water retention" do not belong to the context above and below, likely interpolatory text, and should be amended or deleted.
The pulse is floating and rapid. Floating indicates Wind, Rapid indicates "Heat" [Wind-heat vs. Deficiency-cold]. When Wind and "Heat" [Deficiency] fight each other, there is shivering aversion to cold.
[Commentary]
The character "Xu" (Deficiency) for Rapid should be "Re" (Heat). The two sentences "Wind is Heat, Deficiency is Cold" are likely interpolatory text. The character "Xu" (Deficiency) in "Wind and Deficiency fighting" should also be "Re" (Heat). It should be amended.
At the Cun Kou (Inkwell) position, all Micro pulses indicate loss of Yang; all Soft pulses indicate "Wei Qi Deficiency" [loss of Blood]; all Weak pulses indicate "Ying Qi Deficiency" [fever]; all Tight pulses indicate Cold. All cases where Cold attacks lead to Jue (Cold Reversal), characterized by depression, dizziness, and numbness, because the Stomach lacks Grain Qi, the Spleen is stagnant and unsmooth, causing stiffness of the mouth unable to speak, trembling and chattering.
[Commentary]
"All Soft [indicate] loss of Blood" should be "All Soft [indicate] Wei Qi Deficiency"; "All Weak [indicate] fever" should be "All Weak [indicate] Ying Qi Deficiency". Soft pulse is floating and forceless, indicating Yang deficiency; how could it indicate loss of blood? Weak pulse is deep and forceless, indicating Yin deficiency; how could it only indicate fever? It should be amended.
The Master said: If the patient's pulse is Micro and Se (Choppy), this is caused by medical error. Profuse sweating followed by repeated severe purging causes loss of Blood. The illness should manifest as aversion to cold, followed by fever that never ceases. In midsummer when heat is abundant, one desires to wear thick clothes; in midwinter when cold is abundant, one desires to naked oneself. The reason is that Micro Yang causes aversion to cold, and Weak Yin causes fever. This is because the doctor induced sweating, making Yang Qi micro, and then purged severely, making Yin Qi weak. In May, Yang Qi is on the exterior, and the Stomach middle is cold and deficient; because internal Yang is micro and cannot overcome cold, one desires to wear thick clothes. In November, Yang Qi is inside, and the Stomach middle is vexatious and hot; because internal Yin is weak and cannot overcome heat, one desires to naked oneself. [Also, because the Yin pulse is Slow and Se, we know Blood is lost.]
[Commentary]
The two sentences "Also, because the Yin pulse is Slow and Se, we know Blood is lost" do not belong to the context above and are interpolatory text; they should be deleted.
At the Cun Kou position, the pulse is Weak and Slow. Weak indicates "Yang" [Wei] Qi is micro; Slow indicates "Spleen" [Ying] interior is cold. "Yang Qi is micro, Spleen interior is cold" [Ying is Blood, Blood cold causes fever; Wei is Qi, Qi micro] manifests as hunger in the heart/middle, but with empty fullness preventing eating.
[Commentary]
The sentence at the end "Hunger in the heart, empty fullness preventing eating" discusses the Spleen and Stomach, not Ying and Wei. Therefore, Weak indicates Wei Qi micro should be "Yang Qi micro"; Slow indicates Ying interior cold should be "Spleen interior cold", so the context connects. Ying is Blood, how can Blood cold cause fever? Wei is Qi, Qi micro makes no sense here. All are changed now. It should be "Yang Qi is micro, Spleen interior is cold, leading to hunger in the heart". Reading the next paragraph regarding surplus Stomach Qi knowing itself, it should be amended.
At the Fu Yang position, the pulse is Floating and Se. If the Shao Yin pulse is like the regular channel, the disease is in the Spleen, and according to method, diarrhea should occur. How do we know this? [If the pulse is Floating and Large, it is Qi excess and Blood deficiency]. Now, because the Fu Yang pulse is Floating and Se, we know Spleen Qi is insufficient and Stomach Qi is deficient. Because the Shao Yin pulse is "Deep and Slippery" [Wiry and Floating] just appearing, this is a harmonious pulse, hence called "like the regular channel". If instead it is Slippery and Rapid, we know pus will appear in urine.
[Commentary]
The two sentences "If the pulse is Floating and Large, it is Qi excess and Blood deficiency" do not belong to the context and should be deleted. Can Wiry and Floating Shao Yin pulse be called "like the regular channel"? The characters "Deep" and "Slippery" should be amended.
At the Fu Yang position, the pulse is Hidden and Se. Hidden indicates vomiting and reflux, food and water do not "enter" [transform]; Se indicates "unable to urinate" [food cannot enter], named Guan Ge (Obstruction and Reflux).
[Commentary]
The character "Hua" (Transform) in "food and water do not transform" should be "Ru" (Enter). If it were "transform", it would mean ability to eat, how could it be named Ge (Reflux)? "Food cannot enter" should be "unable to urinate". If there is urination, the water pathway is open, how could it be named Guan (Obstruction)? All amended.
At the Fu Yang position, the pulse is Tight and Floating. Floating indicates Qi, Tight indicates Cold. Floating leads to abdominal fullness, Tight leads to colicky pain. Floating and Tight fighting each other, bowel sounds and rotation occur; rotation means Qi movement, Diaphragm Qi then descends. The Shao Yin pulse does not emerge, and the yin organ area is swollen and "painful" [deficient].
[Commentary]
The character "Xu" (Deficient) in "yin organ area swollen and deficient" should be amended to "Tong" (Pain). Careful contemplation will reveal this.