《病源论》云∶三吴以东及南，诸山郡山县，有山谷溪源处，有水毒病，舂秋辄得，一
名中水，一名溪中，一名中洒，一名水中病，亦名溪温。今人中溪，以其病与射工诊侯相似，
通呼作溪病，其实有异，有疮是射工，而无疮是溪病。
《葛氏方》云∶水毒初得之，恶寒，头微痛，目匡疼，心中烦懊，四肢振 ，腰痛骨节
皆强，两膝疼，或翕翕热，但欲眠，旦醒暮剧，手足指逆冷至肘膝上，二、三日则腹中生虫，
食下部，肛中有疮，不痛不痒，令人不觉，视之乃知耳。不即治，过六、七日，下部便脓溃，
虫上食五脏，热盛烦毒，注下不禁，八、九日死，良医所不能治。觉得之，急当视下部，若
有疮正赤如截肉者，为毒最急；若疮如蠡鱼齿者，为阴毒，犹小缓，要皆杀人，不过二十日
也。欲知是中水，非当作数斗汤，以小蒜五升 咀投汤中，莫令大热，热则无烈，去滓，适
寒温，以自浴。若身体发赤斑纹者是也。其无异者，当以他病治之。治之方∶
取梅若桃枣，捣绞饮汁三升许，汁少以水解及绞之。
又方∶常思草，捣绞饮汁一、二升，并以绵染汁导下部，日三。
又方∶捣蓝青，与少水以涂头面身体，令匝匝。（《千金方》同之。）
又方∶取蓼一把，熟捣以酒一杯，合和绞饮汁。
若下部生疮已决洞者方∶
桃皮叶，熟捣水渍令浓，去滓着盆中，坐自渍，虫出。
《千金方》治水毒方∶
捣苍耳汁，服之一升，以绵沾汁导下部，日三。
《集验方》治中水秘方∶
取水萍曝干，以酒服方寸匕。
又方∶捣梅叶取汁，服半杯。小儿不能饮，敷乳饮之。
《范汪方》云∶青龙汤，治中水寒热方∶
升麻（二两） 龙胆（一两） 葳蕤（一两） 大青（一两）
凡四物， 咀，以水四升，煮取二升，分作再服。不静复作，加小附子一枚，四破之，
分作三服，良。
又云∶治水中下部疮决洞，医所不能治方∶灸穷骨五十壮，良。
《诸病源候论》记载：三吴以东及南方的各山郡山县，在山谷溪流源头处，存在水毒病，每逢秋季容易发作。此病又名中水、溪中、中洒、水中病，也称溪温。如今人们进入溪涧患病，因为这种病的症状与射工（一种水生毒虫）叮咬相似，通称为溪病，但实际上有所不同：有疮疡的是射工所致，无疮疡的是溪病。
《葛氏方》记载：水毒病初发时，恶寒，头部轻微疼痛，眼眶疼痛，心中烦闷懊恼，四肢震颤，腰痛且骨节僵硬，双膝疼痛，或者身体微微发热，只想睡觉，早晨清醒傍晚加重，手足指尖冷至肘部和膝盖以上。二三天后腹中生虫，侵蚀下部器官，肛门中有疮疡，不痛不痒，使人毫无察觉，只有查看才能发现。如果不立即治疗，过了六七天，下部就会化脓溃烂，虫子向上侵蚀五脏，热盛烦毒，腹泻不止无法控制，八九天便会死亡，即使是良医也无法救治。如果刚觉得不适，应立即检查下部，如果有疮疡颜色正红像截断的肉一样，说明毒性最急；如果疮疡像蠡鱼牙齿形状，属于阴毒，病情稍缓，但都足以致死，不超过二十天。想要确认是否是中水，不要煮几斗汤，用小蒜五升切碎投入汤中，不要让汤太热，太热则药性不烈，滤去渣滓，调节到适宜温度，用来沐浴全身。如果身体出现赤色斑纹，就是中了水毒。如果没有异常，应按其他疾病治疗。治疗方剂如下：
取梅子或桃枣，捣碎绞取汁液约三升，汁液少时可加水稀释后再绞取。
另一首方剂：取常思草，捣碎绞取汁液一、二升，并用棉絮蘸汁液导入下部，每天三次。
又一首方剂：捣碎蓝青，加少量水涂抹头面和身体，使其均匀覆盖。（《千金方》与此相同。）
又一首方剂：取蓼一把，熟捣后用一杯酒调和，绞取汁液服用。
如果下部已经生疮并溃破成洞的方剂：
取桃树皮和叶，熟捣后用水浸泡使浓度变浓，滤去渣滓倒入盆中，坐入盆中浸泡，可使虫体排出。
《千金方》治疗水毒的方剂：
《集验方》治疗中水的秘方：
取水萍晒干，用酒送服一方寸匕的量。
又一首方剂：捣梅叶取汁，服用半杯。小儿不能饮用的，涂抹在乳头上让其吸吮。
以上四味药，切碎，用水四升，煎煮取二升，分两次服用。如果心神不宁且病情复发，加小附子一枚，切成四块，分三次服用，效果良好。
The *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Treatise on the Pathogenesis and Manifestations of All Diseases) states: In the regions east and south of Sanwu, including various mountainous commanderies and counties, there is a condition known as "water toxicity" found in valleys and stream sources. It frequently occurs in autumn. This disease is also known as Zhongshui (Water Poisoning), Xizhong (Stream Middle), Zhongsan (Stream Splash), Shuizhongbing (Water Disease), or Xiwen (Stream Warmth). Nowadays, when people enter streams and fall ill, because its symptoms resemble those caused by the bite of the Shegong (a toxic aquatic insect), it is commonly referred to as Xibing (Stream Disease). However, there are differences: cases with sores are caused by the Shegong, while those without sores are Xibing.
The *Ge Shi Fang* (Prescriptions by Master Ge) states: At the onset of water toxicity, patients experience aversion to cold, slight headache, pain in the eye sockets, mental restlessness and vexation, trembling of the four limbs, lower back pain, stiffness of bones and joints, pain in both knees, or a slight fever. They desire sleep; they are clear-headed in the morning but worsen in the evening. The fingertips of hands and feet become cold up to the elbows and knees. After two or three days, worms may develop in the abdomen, eating away at the lower organs. There will be sores in the anus that do not itch or hurt, making them imperceptible until visually inspected. If not treated immediately, after six or seven days, the lower region will suppurate and ulcerate. The worms will ascend to devour the five zang organs. With intense heat, severe vexation and toxicity, and uncontrollable diarrhea, death will occur within eight or nine days, beyond the capacity even of skilled physicians. Upon feeling unwell, one should immediately inspect the lower region. If there is a sore bright red like cut meat, the toxicity is most acute; if the sore resembles the teeth of a conch fish, it is Yin Toxicity, which is slightly less urgent, yet still fatal within twenty days. To determine if it is Zhongshui, do not boil several dou of water. Instead, take five sheng of small garlic, chop it, and add it to the bathwater. Do not let the water be too hot, as excessive heat diminishes the potency. Strain the dregs, adjust the temperature to suit, and bathe the whole body. If red spots or patterns appear on the body, it confirms water poisoning. If there are no such signs, treat according to other diseases. The treatment prescriptions are as follows:
Take plums or peach/jujube fruits, crush and squeeze to obtain approximately three sheng of juice. If the juice yield is low, add water and squeeze again.
Another prescription: Take Changsi Cao (Houttuynia cordata), crush and squeeze to obtain one or two sheng of juice. Use cotton soaked in the juice to apply to the lower region, three times daily.
Another prescription: Crush Lanqing (Isatis leaf/Indigo naturalis), mix with a small amount of water, and apply to the head, face, and body evenly. (This matches the *Qianjin Fang*).
Another prescription: Take a handful of Liao (Polygonum hydropiper), crush thoroughly, mix with one cup of wine, squeeze, and drink the juice.
For cases where sores have already formed and ulcerated in the lower region:
Take peach bark and leaves, crush thoroughly, soak in water until thick, strain, pour into a basin, and sit in it for soaking to expel the worms.
The *Qianjin Fang* (Essential Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) provides a prescription for water toxicity:
Crush Xiancao (Xanthium fruit) to extract juice, take one sheng orally. Soak cotton in the juice and apply to the lower region, three times daily.
The *Jiyan Fang* (Collected Proven Prescriptions) offers a secret prescription for Zhongshui:
Dry Shuiping (Lemna minor) in the sun, and administer one cunbi (square-inch measure) with wine.
Another prescription: Crush Meiye (Plum leaf) to extract juice, take half a cup. For children who cannot drink it, apply it to the nipple for them to suck.
The *Fan Wang Fang* (Prescriptions of Fan Wang) states: Qinglong Tang (Green Dragon Decoction) treats Zhongshui with alternating chills and fever:
Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (2 liang), Longdan (Gentianae Radix) (1 liang), Weirui (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (1 liang), Daqing (Indici Folium) (1 liang).
These four ingredients are chopped, boiled in four sheng of water to reduce to two sheng, and divided into two doses. If mental agitation recurs, add one Xiao Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata), broken into four pieces, and divide into three doses for good effect.
It also states: For treating ulcerated sores in the lower region caused by water exposure, which physicians cannot cure: Moxibustion on Qionggu (Sacrococcygeal joint) for fifty moxa cones is effective.