败龟甲（酥炙） 远志（去心苗） 九节菖蒲（去毛） 龙骨（研末，入鸡腹中，煮一
宿）
上四件等分，为末。每服一钱，酒调下，日三。
学问易忘，此方与之，令人聪明。
凡人多识不忘者，心血足而无所蔽也。若心血不足，邪气蔽之，则伤其虚灵之体，而学
问易忘矣。龟，介虫之灵物也。龙，鳞虫之灵物也。用龟甲、龙骨者，假二物之灵以养此心
之灵，欲其同气相求云尔。远志辛温味浓，辛温可使入心，味浓可使养阴。菖蒲味辛气清，
味辛则利窍，气清则通神，以之而治易忘，斯近理矣。是方也，出于孙真人《千金方》，其
来必有所自，但曰孔子大圣之方，则未敢是非也。
叙曰∶风者，百病之长，以其善行而数变也。痛风有寒、有湿、有痰、有血，而惟以风
名者，得非以其善行数变，长于诸邪之故乎？今考名方五首，而痛风之情状见矣。
南星（姜制） 黄柏（酒炒） 苍术（泔浸七日，各二两） 神曲（炒） 川芎（各一
两） 桃仁（去皮尖、双仁） 白芷 龙胆草 防己（各五钱） 羌活 威灵仙（酒拌） 桂
（各三钱） 红花（酒洗，一钱五分）
此治痛风之套剂也。
有湿痰死血，而风寒袭之，风则善走，寒则善痛，所以痛者，湿痰死血留结而不通也。
所以走痛者，风气行天之象也。是方也，南星燥一身之痰，苍术燥上下之湿，羌活去百节之
风，而白芷则驱风之在面，威灵仙驱风之在手，桂枝驱风之在臂，防己驱湿之在股，川芎利
血中之气，桃仁、红花活血中之瘀，龙胆、黄柏去湿中之热。乃神曲者，随诸药而消陈腐之
气也。然羌活、白芷、威灵、桂枝，亲上药也；防己、杏仁、龙胆、黄柏，亲下药也，二者
并用，则上行者亦可以引之而下，下行者亦可以引之而上，顾人用之何如耳？
【孔子大圣枕中方】
败龟甲（用酥油炙烤） 远志（去除心部和嫩芽） 九节菖蒲（去除绒毛） 龙骨（研磨成末，放入鸡腹中，煮一夜）
以上四味药等量混合，研成细末。每次服用一钱，用酒调服，每日三次。
此方用于改善记忆力减退、容易遗忘的情况，服用后可使人聪明伶俐。
大凡那些博闻强记、过目不忘的人，是因为心血充足且没有被邪气遮蔽。如果心血不足，邪气就会遮蔽心神，从而损伤其虚灵的本体，导致学问容易遗忘。龟，是介虫中的灵异之物；龙，是鳞虫中的灵异之物。使用龟甲和龙骨，是借助这两种动物的灵性来滋养人心的灵性，希望它们能够同气相求罢了。远志性辛温，气味浓厚，辛温之性可入心经，浓厚的味道可滋养阴液。菖蒲味辛而气清，味辛能通利孔窍，气清能通达神明，用它来治疗健忘，是很符合医理的。这个方子出自孙思邈的《千金方》，其来源必定有依据，但称之为“孔子大圣”的方子，我不敢轻易断定对错。
【叙曰】
风邪，是百病之首，因为它善于游走且变化多端。痛风分为寒痛、湿痛、痰痛、血瘀痛，之所以统称为“风”，难道不是因为它善于游走变化，且在各种邪气中居于主导地位的缘故吗？现在考证五种名方，痛风的各种情状就显现出来了。
南星（姜汁制） 黄柏（酒炒） 苍术（淘米水浸泡七日，各二两） 神曲（炒） 川芎（各一两） 桃仁（去皮尖、双仁者不用） 白芷 龙胆草 防己（各五钱） 羌活 威灵仙（酒拌） 桂枝（各三钱） 红花（酒洗，一钱五分）
这是治疗痛风的通用基础方剂。
如果有湿痰和死血（瘀血），又受到风寒侵袭，风邪善于游走，寒邪善于致痛，所以产生疼痛，是因为湿痰和瘀血留滞凝结导致经络不通。之所以出现游走性疼痛，是因为风气具有行于天象般流动的特性。这个方子中，南星燥化全身的痰湿，苍术燥化上下焦的湿气，羌活祛除全身关节的风邪，白芷驱除面部受风，威灵仙驱除手部受风，桂枝驱除手臂受风，防己祛除大腿部位的湿气，川芎疏通血中的气机，桃仁和红花活血祛瘀，龙胆草和黄柏清除湿郁所化的热邪。至于神曲，则是随着诸药的作用消除陈腐之气。然而，羌活、白芷、威灵仙、桂枝属于亲上部的药物；防己、杏仁（注：原文此处似有误，前文未列杏仁，疑为笔误或泛指下行药，此处依原文提取）、龙胆草、黄柏属于亲下部的药物，两者并用，则上行药也可引导下行，下行药也可引导上行，全凭医者运用得当罢了。
[Confucius the Great Sage Pillow Middle Formula]
Testudo shell (fried with animal fat) Polygala root (remove heart and sprouts) Acorus tatarinowii (remove hairs) Fossilized bone (grind into powder, place inside a chicken's abdomen, boil for one night)
The above four ingredients are taken in equal proportions, ground into fine powder. Take one qian per dose, mixed with wine, three times daily.
This formula is used to address forgetfulness and memory loss; taking it can enhance intelligence.
Those who have extensive knowledge and never forget do so because their Heart Blood is sufficient and unobstructed by pathogenic factors. If Heart Blood is deficient, pathogenic factors may obscure the mind, damaging its subtle and spiritual nature, leading to easy forgetfulness of learning. The turtle is a spiritual creature among shelled animals; the dragon is a spiritual creature among scaled animals. Using Testudo shell and fossilized bone is to borrow the spirituality of these two creatures to nourish the spirituality of the human mind, hoping they will attract each other through similar energies. Polygala root is acrid and warm with a strong flavor; its acrid-warm nature allows it to enter the Heart meridian, and its strong flavor helps nourish Yin. Acorus is acrid in taste and clear in aroma; its acridity opens orifices, and its clarity communicates with the spirit. Using it to treat forgetfulness is consistent with medical logic. This formula originates from Sun Simiao's *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold), and its origin must be traceable. However, calling it "Confucius the Great Sage's" formula, I dare not judge whether it is right or wrong.
[Preface]
Wind is the chief of all diseases because it moves freely and changes rapidly. Gouty pain (Tongfeng) can be caused by cold, dampness, phlegm, or blood stasis. It is named after "wind" perhaps because of its ability to move and change rapidly, dominating other pathogens. Now, examining five famous formulas, the characteristics of gouty pain become apparent.
[Danxi's Universal Gout Formula for Upper, Middle, and Lower Jiao]
Arisaema cum Bile (processed with ginger juice) Phellodendri Cortex (stir-fried with wine) Atractylodis Rhizoma (soaked in rice water for seven days, 2 liang each) Mass Medicatum Fermentatum (stir-fried) Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome (1 liang each) Persicae Semen (remove skin, tips, and double-kernel seeds) Angelicae Dahuricae Radix Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb Spatholobi Caulis (5 qian each) Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (mixed with wine, 3 qian each) Carthami Flos (washed with wine, 1.5 qian)
This is a standard compound formula for treating gouty pain.
When damp-phlegm and stagnant blood exist, and are attacked by wind-cold, wind tends to move freely, while cold causes severe pain. Therefore, the pain arises because damp-phlegm and stagnant blood remain and knot together, causing obstruction. The reason for the wandering pain is that wind follows the imagery of moving in the sky. In this formula, Arisaema dries phlegm throughout the body, Atractylodis Rhizoma dries dampness in the upper and lower parts, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix removes wind from various joints, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix expels wind affecting the face, Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Note: Text says Weilingxian/Salvia miltiorrhizae? No, Weilingxian is Thalictrum/Actaea. Text says Weilingxian drives wind from hands) ... Correction based on text: Salviae Miltiorrhizae is Honghua/Taoren context? No, text lists Weilingxian. Let's stick to WHO terms. Weilingxian (Thalictrum/Salisia? No, Thalictrum chinense or Actaea dahurica? Standard is Thalictrum chinense or sometimes Anemarrhena? WHO uses Thalictri Rhizoma or Actaeae Rhizoma. Let's use Thalictri Rhizoma (Weilingxian)). Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi) drives wind from the arms, Spatholobi Caulis (Fangji) removes dampness from the thighs, Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizome promotes Qi circulation in the blood, Persicae Semen and Carthami Flos invigorate blood and resolve stasis, Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb and Phellodendri Cortex clear heat arising from dampness. As for Mass Medicatum Fermentatum, it eliminates stale Qi along with the other herbs. However, Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix, Angelicae Dahuricae Radix, Thalictri Rhizoma (Weilingxian), and Cinnamomi Ramulus are herbs that act on the upper part; Spatholobi Caulis, Apricot Kernel (Xingren - note: Xingren is not in the ingredient list above, likely a textual error in the original source referring to downward acting herbs like Fangji/Huangbo/Dragon胆), Dracocephali Kotschouyi Herb, and Phellodendri Cortex are herbs that act on the lower part. When used together, upward-acting herbs can be guided downward, and downward-acting herbs can be guided upward, depending entirely on how the physician applies them.