《千金方》精极类用韭子以治遗精、梦失、小便白浊者，盖九方焉，而单用韭子者居其
半。夫韭子辛热物耳，何孙思邈取之深也？昆谓用之以治便浊者，用其辛热之气，燔其湿土，
使蒸溽上行而不下，乃釜底加薪之法，益火之原以消阴翳也。用之以治遗精者，用其辛热之
气以壮真阳，使之涵乎阴精而不漏，乃益土防水之法，卫外而为固也。凡此方外不传之秘，
惟可与知者道耳。
叙曰∶有因而自汗，非病也，所谓阳之汗以天地之雨名之，乃阴阳和而雨泽降也。惟无
因而自汗，则为病矣，宜以甘剂补之。今考古人四方，率甘剂耳。
黄 （炙） 防风（各一两） 白术（二两）
共为末。每服三钱。
气虚自汗者，此方主之。
自汗者，无因而自汗也。常人不自汗者，由卫气固卫于外，津液不得走泄，所谓阳在外
，阴之卫也。卫气一亏，则不足以固津液，而自渗泄矣，此自汗之由也。白术、黄 、所以
益气。然甘者性缓，不能速达于表，故佐之以防风。东垣有言，黄 得防风而功愈大，乃相
畏而相使者也。是自汗也，与伤风自汗不同，伤风自汗，责之邪气实。杂证自汗，责之正气
虚。虚实不同，攻补亦异，临证者宜详别之。
黄 （炙） 人参 肉苁蓉 山茱萸（去核） 白术（炒） 当归 肉桂（略炒） 五
味子（炒）
甘草（炙） 川芎 防风（各一钱） 茯苓（一钱五分） 熟地黄（二钱）
气血俱虚，自汗者，此方主之。
人参、黄 、白术、茯苓、甘草、防风、肉桂，实表气而止自汗；当归、川芎、熟 、
肉苁蓉、山茱萸、五味子，生津液而收阴气。此气血两补之剂也。
《千金方》极其精妙地运用韭子来治疗遗精、梦中失精、小便浑浊等症状，其中共有九个方剂，而单独使用韭子的方剂就占了一半。韭子不过是辛热性质的药物，为什么孙思邈如此重视它呢？我认为，用韭子治疗小便浑浊，是借助其辛热的药气，像焚烧湿土一样，使湿气蒸腾向上而不向下流注，这就像是往锅底添加柴火的方法，即通过补益命门之火来消除阴寒之邪。用韭子治疗遗精，是利用其辛热的药气来壮实真阳，使阳气涵摄阴精而不外泄，这就像是加固堤坝以防水患的方法，起到护卫体表并固摄的作用。这些方剂中不轻易外传的奥秘，只能与懂得的人谈论罢了。
序言说：因为某种原因导致的自汗，并不是疾病，这就是所说的“阳之汗”，如同天地间的雨水一样命名，这是阴阳调和而雨水降下的表现。只有没有诱因的自汗，才是疾病，应当用甘缓的药物来补益。如今考察古人的四个方子，大多都是甘缓性质的药剂。
黄芪（炙） 防风（各一两） 白术（二两）
共研为细末。每次服用三钱。
气虚导致的自汗，此方主治。
所谓自汗，就是没有诱因而自然出汗。普通人不出自汗，是因为卫气在体表固护，津液不会流失，这就是所说的“阳在外，为阴之卫”。一旦卫气亏损，就不足以固摄津液，导致津液自行渗漏，这就是自汗产生的原因。白术、黄芪，是用来益气补气的。然而甘味药物性质缓和，不能迅速到达体表，所以辅以防风。李东垣曾说，黄芪得到防风的配合，功效更加显著，这是相互制约又相互协同的关系。因此，这种自汗与伤风引起的自汗不同，伤风自汗，责任在于邪气盛实；杂病自汗，责任在于正气虚弱。虚实情况不同，攻伐与补益的方法也不同，临证诊治时应当仔细辨别。
黄芪（炙） 人参 肉苁蓉 山茱萸（去核） 白术（炒） 当归 肉桂（略炒） 五味子（炒）
甘草（炙） 川芎 防风（各一钱） 茯苓（一钱五分） 熟地黄（二钱）
气血俱虚导致的自汗，此方主治。
人参、黄芪、白术、茯苓、甘草、防风，能够充实表气而止住自汗；当归、川芎、熟地黄、肉苁蓉、山茱萸、五味子，能够生津液而收敛阴气。这是一个气血双补的方剂。
The *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) exquisitely employs the seed of Allium tuberosum (Jiuzi, 韭子) to treat spermatorrhea (Yijing, 遗精), nocturnal emission with loss of essence (Mengshi, 梦失), and turbid urine (Xiaobian Baizhuo, 小便白浊). Among them, there are nine formulas in total, and those using Jiuzi alone account for half. Jiuzi is merely a pungent and hot substance; why did Sun Simiao value it so highly? Kun believes that using it to treat turbid urine relies on its pungent and hot qi to "burn" damp-earth, causing moisture to evaporate upward rather than flow downward. This is akin to adding firewood to the bottom of a pot, namely, supplementing the source of fire to dissipate yin shadows (Yihuo zhiyuan yi xiao yinyi, 益火之原以消阴翳). Using it to treat spermatorrhea relies on its pungent and hot qi to strengthen true yang (Zhenyang, 真阳), enabling it to contain yin essence without leakage. This is like reinforcing the earth to prevent water damage, protecting the exterior and maintaining solidity. These secret methods of external formulas can only be discussed with those who understand.
Preface: Spontaneous sweating caused by a specific factor is not a disease; this is referred to as "sweat of yang," named after the rain of heaven and earth, representing the harmony of yin and yang leading to the descent of nourishing rain. Only spontaneous sweating without any cause constitutes a disease, which should be treated with sweet-tonifying agents. Examining the four ancient formulas, they are predominantly sweet-natured preparations.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix, prepared by honey-frying) 1 liang, Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) 1 liang, Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) 2 liang.
Grind all into fine powder. Take 3 qian per dose.
This formula governs spontaneous sweating due to qi deficiency.
Spontaneous sweating refers to sweating without an apparent cause. Normal individuals do not sweat spontaneously because Wei Qi (Defensive Qi, 卫气) secures the exterior, preventing body fluids from leaking out. This is described as "Yang on the outside serves as the guard for Yin." Once Wei Qi is deficient, it fails to secure body fluids, leading to spontaneous seepage; this is the origin of spontaneous sweating. Baizhu and Huangqi are used to tonify qi. However, sweet substances have a slow nature and cannot quickly reach the exterior, so Fangfeng is added as an assistant. Dongyuan stated, "When Huangqi is combined with Fangfeng, its efficacy increases greatly"; they mutually restrain yet mutually assist each other. Thus, this type of spontaneous sweating differs from that caused by wind-cold invasion. In wind-cold spontaneous sweating, the issue lies in excess pathogenic factors; in miscellaneous disease spontaneous sweating, the issue lies in deficiency of healthy qi. Since deficiency and excess differ, attack and tonification methods also vary. Clinicians must distinguish them carefully.
Huangqi (Astragali Radix, prepared by honey-frying) Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) Roucongrong (Cistanche Deserticolae Herba) Shanzhuyu (Corni Fructus, pitted) Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, stir-baked) Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex, lightly stir-baked) Wuweizi (Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus, stir-baked)
Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, prepared by honey-frying) Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix) each 1 qian, Fuling (Poria, 1.5 qian), Shudihuang (Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata, 2 qian).
This formula governs spontaneous sweating due to dual deficiency of qi and blood.
Renshen, Huangqi, Baizhu, Fuling, Gancao, and Fangfeng solidify the exterior qi and stop spontaneous sweating; Danggui, Chuanxiong, Shudihuang, Roucongrong, Shanzhuyu, and Wuweizi generate body fluids and gather yin qi. This is a formula that tonifies both qi and blood.