典藏书目

Li Dongyuan stated: Malaria caused by pathogenic invasion of the Taiyang (Greater Yang) meridian manifests as cold malaria (Han Nue), characterized by more chills than fever; malaria caused by pathogenic invasion of the Yangming (Bright Yang) meridian manifests as heat malaria (Dan Nue), characterized by fever without chills; malaria caused by pathogenic invasion of the Shaoyang (Lesser Yang) meridian manifests as wind malaria (Feng Nue), characterized by alternating chills and fever; malaria caused by pathogenic invasion of the three Yin meridians is collectively referred to as warm malaria (Wen Nue). Although this statement is generally correct, the differentiation among the three Yin meridians is not clearly explained. Those occurring on Zi, Wu, Mao, or You days belong to Shaoyin malaria; those occurring on Yin, Shen, Si, or Hai days belong to Jueyin malaria; those occurring on Chen, Xu, Chou, or Wei days belong to Shaoyin malaria (Note: Textually "Shaoyin", but contextually often refers to Taiyin in classical theory regarding these earthly branches). Malaria manifesting in the Yang aspect is easy to treat, while that manifesting in the Yin aspect is difficult to treat.

Malaria occurring every other day indicates a disease duration of about one month; occurring every two days indicates a duration of about half a year; occurring every three days indicates a duration of about one year; consecutive occurrence for two days followed by a one-day pause indicates that both Qi and Blood are diseased.

The Mai Jue (Pulse Classic) states: The pulse in malaria is mostly wiry (Xian). A wiry and slow pulse indicates excess cold; a wiry and rapid pulse indicates excess heat.

The Xin Fa (Core Methods) states: The pulse in malaria is mostly wiry. In heat conditions, the pulse is wiry and rapid; in cold conditions, it is wiry and slow. There are also cases where the disease has persisted for a long time, resulting in a deficient, minute, and weak pulse that appears non-wiry, yet within the deficiency and rapidity, there is a slight wiry quality, though it does not feel firm upon palpation.

In one type of malaria, if onset occurs from Zi hour to Wu hour, the pathogen is in the Qi aspect (Yang); if onset occurs from Wu hour to Hai hour, the pathogen is in the Blood aspect (Yin).

For pathogens in the Yin aspect with nocturnal onset, Ye Nue San (Night Malaria Powder) is appropriate.

In summer and autumn, when malaria initially arises from external contraction and internal injury, leading to disharmony of Yin and Yang, alternating chills and fever, accompanied by nausea and headache, dispersing and releasing the exterior should be prioritized using Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agastache Powder to Regulate the Qi) or Er Xiang San (Two Fragrances Powder).

When summer heat prevents sweating, leading to wind malaria, dispersing methods should be used to resolve the exterior, employing Er Xiang San.

For malaria involving the Taiyang meridian, where chills predominate over fever, named cold malaria, Guizhi Shaoyao Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Peony Decoction) is appropriate, or Gui Zhi may be added to Yangwei Tang (Stomach-Nourishing Decoction).

For malaria involving the Yangming meridian, characterized by fever alone without chills, named Dan malaria, accompanied by thirst, Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction) plus Chai Hu (Bupleurum Root) is appropriate; if there is no thirst, Huangqin Gegen Tang (Scutellaria and Pueraria Decoction) is used.

For malaria involving the Shaoyang meridian, characterized by alternating chills and fever, Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) or Chai Ling Tang (Bupleurum and Polyporus Decoction) is appropriate.

For combined disease of the three Yang meridians with severe chills and fever, Guizhi Huangqin Tang (Cinnamon Twig and Scutellaria Decoction) is appropriate.

For disease of the three Yin meridians, where chills predominate over heat, named warm malaria, Chaihu Guizhi Tang (Bupleurum and Cinnamon Twig Decoction) is appropriate.

Contracting seasonal epidemic qi, presenting with initial fever followed by chills, also named warm malaria, Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction) modified is appropriate.

For malaria with alternating chills and fever, Qingpi Tang (Clear Spleen Decoction) modified is generally applicable.

For malaria persisting for a long time without resolution, named old malaria, Laonie Yin (Old Malaria Drink), Six Beasts Drink (Sishou Yin), Four Sages Powder (Sixsheng San), or Awei Wan (Asafoetida Pill) are appropriate.

For prolonged malaria attacks causing deficiency of Yuan Qi (Original Qi), damage to the Spleen and Stomach, poor appetite, and spontaneous sweating, Qunie Yin (Anti-Malaria Drink) should be taken first, followed by Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction).

For malaria with predominant heat, irritability, and thirst, Chaihu Gualougen Tang (Bupleurum and Trichosanthes Root Decoction) is appropriate.

For robust Yuan Qi with attacks occurring five to seven times without cessation, interception methods are appropriate, using Changshan Yin (Dichroa Root Drink), Qibao Yin (Seven Treasures Drink), or Luxing San (Dew Star Powder).

For malaria with irritability, heat, and headache, Chaihu Shigao Tang (Bupleurum and Gypsum Decoction) is appropriate.

For deficient Yuan Qi with persistent attacks, Sixsheng San (Four Sages Powder) should be used to intercept the malaria, followed by Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Tonify the Middle and Augment the Qi Decoction).

For malaria with fever and diarrhea, Chai Ling Tang (Bupleurum and Polyporus Decoction) is appropriate.

For individuals with inherent Yuan Qi deficiency invaded by evil spirits, presenting with malaria-like chills and fever, termed Evil Malaria (Xie Nue), the symptoms cease when the evil retreats.

To treat prolonged malaria with phlegm masses under the hypochondrium, named Malaria Mother (Nuo Mu), Biejia Yin (Softshell Turtle Drink) is appropriate.

For malaria with irritability, heat, thirst, and constipation, Da Chaihu Tang (Major Bupleurum Decoction) is appropriate.

For Phlegm Malaria presenting with chest fullness, nausea, phlegm, and alternating chills and fever, Guiku Dan (Ghost Cry Elixir) is appropriate.

For Food Malaria presenting with aversion to food, chest oppression, or accumulations, Awei Wan (Asafoetida Pill) or Hongwanzi (Red Pellet) is appropriate.

In rural areas without access to medicine, for malaria outbreaks, use four taels of fresh ginger, crushed with the skin, juice extracted, exposed overnight, mixed with children's urine, and taken warm; efficacy will follow immediately.