（《金匮》）
治胸痹喘息，咳唾，胸背痛，短气（胸中者，心肺之分，故喘息而咳唾。诸阳受气于胸
中
栝蒌（一枚） 薤白（三两） 白酒（四斤）
此上焦膻中药也（膻中，两乳中间。经曰∶膻中者，臣使之官，喜乐出焉）。喻嘉言曰∶
胸
仲景
木香、诃子、三棱、神曲、麦芽等药，坐耗其胸中之阳，亦相悬矣（薤叶光滑，露亦难伫，
故曰薤
本方加半夏，名栝蒌薤白半夏汤（《金匮》）∶治胸痹不得卧，心痛彻背（以不得卧，故
加半夏）。本方除白酒，加枳实、浓朴、桂枝，名枳实薤白桂枝汤（《金匮》）∶治胸痹气结在
胸，胸满，
（《集验》）
治胆虚痰热不眠，虚烦惊悸，口苦呕涎（胆以温为候，虚则寒，寒则不眠；惊悸亦由于
胆虚；虚火上溢故口苦；呕多属半表半里少阳胆经之邪；胆虚气郁，致脾生痰涎而烦呕；伤
寒病后
陈皮（去白） 半夏（姜制） 茯苓（或用茯神） 甘草 枳实（麸炒） 竹茹。加姜
煎。或加
半夏（半夏行水耗津），加麦冬、五味、花粉；表热未清加柴胡；内虚大便自利去枳实，加
白术；内实心烦加黑栀子。
此足少阳、阳明药也。橘半生姜之辛温，以之导痰止呕，即以之温胆（戴氏云∶痰在胆
经，神不归舍，亦令人不寐）；枳实破滞，茯苓渗湿，甘草和中，竹茹开胃土之郁、清肺金
之燥、凉肺金即所以平甲木也胆为甲木，金能平木；如是则不寒不燥而胆常温矣。经又曰∶
胃不和则卧不安；又曰∶阳气满不得入于阴，阴气虚故目不得瞑；半夏能和胃而通阴阳，故
内经用治不眠，二陈非特温胆，亦以和胃也（温胆汤，即二陈加枳实、竹茹。《三因》云∶
心虚胆怯，气郁生涎，涎与气搏，变生诸证，触事易惊，或梦寐不祥，或短气悸乏，或自汗，
并温胆汤主之。呕则以人参代竹茹。《内经》半夏汤治痰盛不眠；半夏五合，糯米一升，用
清水扬万遍煮服，汗出即已。半夏除痰而利小便，糯米益阴而利大肠，使上下通则阴阳和矣。
经又曰∶诸水病者，故不得卧，卧则惊，惊则咳甚。《准绳》云∶《内经》半夏汤，皆去饮之
剂，无饮者勿服。《金匮》治虚劳虚烦不眠，用酸枣仁汤∶枣仁二升，甘草一两，知母、茯
苓、芎 各二两；深师加生姜二两，此补肝之剂。经曰∶卧则血归于肝。昂按∶本草云，枣
仁炒用治胆虚不眠，生用治胆热好眠，窃谓胆热必有心烦口苦之证，何以反能好眠乎？温胆
汤治不眠，用二陈加竹茹、枳实，二味皆凉药，乃以凉肺经之热，非以温胆经之寒也，其以
温胆名汤者，以胆欲不寒不燥常温为候耳。胆热好眠四字，不能无疑也）。
本方加人参、远志、枣仁、熟地，名十味温胆汤∶治梦遗惊惕。
（出自《金匮要略》）
治疗胸痹引起的喘息、咳嗽吐痰、胸背疼痛、气短（胸部是心和肺的分野，所以会出现喘息和咳嗽吐痰的症状。诸阳经之气汇聚于胸中……）。
这是上焦膻中穴所在部位的药方（膻中位于两乳之间。医经说：膻中是臣使之官，主管喜乐之情）。喻嘉言说：
[此处原文有缺漏或排版错误，仅保留可见部分]
张仲景
木香、诃子、三棱、神曲、麦芽等药物，会坐视消耗胸中的阳气，这与本方的功效相差甚远（薤叶表面光滑，露水难以停留，因此称薤……）。
在本方中加入半夏，名为栝蒌薤白半夏汤（出自《金匮要略》）：治疗胸痹导致无法平卧、心痛放射至背部（因为无法平卧，所以加入半夏）。
在本方中去掉白酒，加入枳实、厚朴、桂枝，名为枳实薤白桂枝汤（出自《金匮要略》）：治疗胸痹气结在胸中，胸中胀满，
（出自《集验方》）
治疗胆虚伴有痰热导致的失眠、虚烦惊悸、口苦呕吐涎沫（胆以温和为正常状态，虚则生寒，寒则导致不眠；惊悸也是由于胆虚所致；虚火上炎故口苦；呕吐多属于半表半里少阳胆经的邪气；胆虚气郁，导致脾产生痰涎而引发烦闷呕吐；伤寒病后……）。
陈皮（去白） 半夏（姜制） 茯苓（或用茯神） 甘草 枳实（麸炒） 竹茹。加生姜煎服。或者加入
半夏（半夏行水但耗伤津液），加入麦冬、五味子、天花粉；表热未清加入柴胡；内虚大便自利去掉枳实，加入白术；内实心烦加入黑栀子。
这是足少阳胆经、足阳明胃经的药物。橘皮、半夏、生姜的辛温之性，用来引导痰饮、止住呕吐，同时也用来温养胆腑（戴氏说：痰在胆经，神志不能归舍，也会让人不寐）；枳实破除气滞，茯苓渗湿，甘草调和脾胃，竹茹开胃土之郁结、清肺金之燥热、凉肺金即所以平抑甲木（胆属甲木，金能平木；这样就不寒不燥而胆腑常温了。医经又说：胃不和则卧不安；又说：阳气满盛不得入于阴，阴气虚弱所以眼睛不能闭合入睡；半夏能和胃而通调阴阳，所以《内经》用它治疗不眠，二陈汤不仅温胆，也在于和胃）。（温胆汤，即是二陈汤加上枳实、竹茹。《三因极一病证方论》说：心虚胆怯，气郁生涎，涎与气搏结，变生各种症状，遇事易惊，或梦寐不祥，或气短心悸乏力，或自汗，都用温胆汤主治。呕吐则以人参代替竹茹。《内经》半夏汤治疗痰盛不眠；半夏五合，糯米一升，用清水扬万遍煮服，出汗即愈。半夏除痰而利小便，糯米益阴而利大肠，使上下通畅则阴阳调和。医经又说：所有水病患者，所以不能平卧，卧则惊，惊则咳嗽加重。《准绳》说：《内经》半夏汤，都是去饮剂的方子，没有饮邪者不要服用。《金匮要略》治疗虚劳虚烦不眠，用酸枣仁汤：枣仁二升，甘草一两，知母、茯苓、川芎各二两；深师方加生姜二两，这是补肝的方剂。医经说：卧则血归于肝。汪昂按语：本草说，枣仁炒用治疗胆虚不眠，生用治疗胆热好眠，我私下认为胆热必定有心烦口苦的症状，为什么反而能好眠呢？温胆汤治疗不眠，用二陈汤加竹茹、枳实，这两味都是凉药，是用来清肺经之热，并非用来温胆经之寒，它之所以叫温胆汤，是因为胆欲保持不寒不燥常温的状态罢了。“胆热好眠”这四个字，不能不怀疑）。
(From *Jin Gui Yao Lue*)
Treats chest bi (chest obstruction) with wheezing, coughing and expectoration, chest and back pain, and shortness of breath (The chest is the domain of the Heart and Lung, hence wheezing and coughing with expectoration occur. The Qi of all Yang meridians gathers in the chest...).
Gualou (one fruit) Xiebai (three liang) Baijiu (four jin)
This is a formula for the upper jiao Shanzhong area (Shanzhong is located between the two breasts. The Classics state: Shanzhong is the Official of the Envoy, from which joy and pleasure emerge). Yu Jiayan said:
[Text missing or garbled in original, retaining visible parts only]
Zhang Zhongjing
Herbs such as Muxiang, Hezi, Sanleng, Shenqu, and Maiya will passively consume the Yang Qi in the chest, which differs significantly from this formula's efficacy (Xieye [leaves of Allium macrostemon] are smooth, making it difficult for dew to stay, hence the name Xie...).
Adding Banxia to this formula creates Gualou Xiebai Banxia Tang (from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*): Treats chest bi where the patient cannot lie flat, and heart pain radiating to the back (Banxia is added because the patient cannot lie flat).
Removing Baijiu and adding Zhishi, Houpo, and Guizhi to this formula creates Zhishi Xiebai Guizhi Tang (from *Jin Gui Yao Lue*): Treats chest bi with Qi stagnation in the chest, chest fullness,
(From *Ji Yan Fang*)
Treats insomnia due to Gallbladder deficiency with phlegm-heat, empty vexation, palpitations, bitter taste in the mouth, and vomiting of saliva (The Gallbladder requires warmth; deficiency leads to cold, and cold leads to insomnia; palpitations also stem from Gallbladder deficiency; upward flaming of deficient fire causes a bitter taste; vomiting often belongs to the Shaoyang Gallbladder meridian pathogen at the half-exterior half-interior level; Gallbladder deficiency with Qi stagnation causes the Spleen to generate phlegm-saliva leading to vexation and vomiting; after Shanghan disease...).
Chenpi (peel removed) Banxia (processed with ginger) Fuling (or Fushen) Gancao Zhishi (bran-fried) Zhuru. Decoct with fresh ginger. Alternatively, add
Banxia (Banxia moves water but consumes fluids), add Maidong, Wuweizi, and Huafen; if exterior heat is not cleared, add Chaihu; if interior deficiency with spontaneous loose stools, remove Zhishi and add Baizhu; if interior excess with vexation, add Heizhizi.
These are herbs for the Foot-Shaoyang and Foot-Yangming meridians. The acrid-warm nature of Chenpi, Banxia, and Shengjiang guides phlegm and stops vomiting, thereby warming the Gallbladder (Dai Shi said: Phlegm in the Gallbladder meridian prevents the Spirit from returning to its residence, causing insomnia); Zhishi breaks stagnation, Fuling leaches out dampness, Gancao harmonizes the middle Jiao, and Zhuru opens the depression of Stomach Earth, clears the dryness of Lung Metal, and cools Lung Metal to pacify Jia Wood (The Gallbladder belongs to Jia Wood; Metal can pacify Wood; thus, it becomes neither cold nor dry, and the Gallbladder remains warm. The Classics also say: When the Stomach is disharmonious, sleep is disturbed; also: When Yang Qi is full and cannot enter Yin, and Yin Qi is deficient, the eyes cannot close for sleep; Banxia can harmonize the Stomach and unblock Yin and Yang, hence it is used in the *Neijing* to treat insomnia. Erchen Tang not only warms the Gallbladder but also harmonizes the Stomach). (Wendan Tang is Erchen Tang plus Zhishi and Zhuru. *San Yin Fang* states: Heart deficiency and Gallbladder timidity, Qi stagnation generating phlegm-fluid, phlegm-fluid battling with Qi, transforming into various symptoms, easily startled by events, or having ominous dreams, or shortness of breath and palpitations, or spontaneous sweating, are all treated primarily with Wendan Tang. For vomiting, replace Zhuru with Renshen. The *Neijing* Banxia Tang treats insomnia due to excessive phlegm; five he of Banxia and one sheng of Nuomi, boiled with clear water stirred ten thousand times, taken orally, cures upon sweating. Banxia removes phlegm and benefits urination, Nuomi nourishes Yin and benefits the large intestine, allowing upper and lower circulation to harmonize Yin and Yang. The Classics also say: All patients with water diseases cannot lie flat; lying down causes fright, and fright worsens coughing. *Zhun Sheng* states: The *Neijing* Banxia Tang is a formula for removing fluid retention; do not use if there is no fluid retention. *Jin Gui Yao Lue* treats deficiency labor with empty vexation and insomnia using Suanzaoren Tang: Zao Ren two sheng, Gancao one liang, Zhimu, Fuling, and Xiong each two liang; Shenshi Fang adds Shengjiang two liang, this is a Liver-nourishing formula. The Classics say: When lying down, blood returns to the Liver. Ang notes: Materia Medica states that fried Zao Ren treats Gallbladder deficiency insomnia, while raw Zao Ren treats Gallbladder heat good sleep. I suspect that Gallbladder heat must present with vexation and bitter taste, so how can it lead to good sleep? Wendan Tang treats insomnia using Erchen Tang plus Zhuru and Zhishi, both cool herbs, used to clear Lung meridian heat, not to warm Gallbladder meridian cold. It is named Wendan Tang because the Gallbladder desires to remain warm, neither cold nor dry. The phrase "Gallbladder heat good sleep" is doubtful).
Adding Renshen, Yuanzhi, Zao Ren, and Shudihuang to this formula creates Shimian Wendan Tang: Treats nocturnal emission and startle.