黄帝问于少师曰∶人之卒然忧恚,而言无音者,何道之塞,何气不行,使音不彰?愿闻其方。少师答
曰∶咽喉者,水谷之道也;喉咙者,气之所以上下者也。会厌者,音声之户也;口唇者,音声之扇也;舌
者,音声之机也;悬壅垂者,音声之关也;颃颡者,分气之所泄也。横骨者,神气所使,主发舌者也。故
人之鼻洞涕出不收者,颃颡不开,分气失也。是故厌小而疾薄,则发气疾,其开合利,其出气易;其厌大
而浓,则开合难,其气出迟,故重言也。人卒然无音
者,寒气客于厌,则厌不能发,发不能下,至其开合不致,故无音。黄帝曰∶刺之奈何?岐伯曰∶足之少
阴,上系于舌,络于横骨,终于会厌,两泻其血脉,浊气乃辟。会厌之脉,上络任脉,取之天突,其厌乃
发也。
黄帝问于伯高曰∶愿闻人之肢节,以应天地奈何?伯高答曰∶天圆地方,人头圆足方以应之。天有日月。
人有两目。地有九州,人有九窍。天有风雨,人有喜怒。天有雷电,人有音声。天有四时,人有四肢。天
有五音,人有五脏。天有六律,人有六腑。天有冬夏,人有寒热,天有十日,人有手十指。辰有十二,人有
足十指,茎垂以应之;女子不足二节,以抱人形。天有阴阳,人有夫妻。岁有三百六十五日,人有三百六
十五节。地有高山,人有肩膝。地有深谷,人有腋 。地有十二经水,人有十二经脉。地有泉脉,人有卫气
。地有草 ,人有毫毛。天有昼夜,人有卧起。天有列星,人有牙齿。地有小山,人有小节。地有山石,
人有高骨。地有林木,人有募筋,地有聚邑,人有KT 肉。岁有十二月,人有十二节。地有四时不生草,人
有无子。此人与天地相应者也。
黄帝向少师问道:人突然因为忧愁愤怒而说不出话,是什么通道被堵塞?什么气不能运行,导致声音无法发出?希望听听其中的道理。
少师回答说:咽喉,是饮食水谷通行的道路;喉咙,是气息上下出入的器官。会厌,是声音发出的门户;口唇,是声音传播的扇叶;舌头,是控制声音的关键机关;悬雍垂(小舌),是声音通过的关卡;颃颡(鼻咽部),是分散气息的地方。横骨,受神气的支配,主要作用是发动舌头的运动。所以,人的鼻孔流涕不止、无法收敛的情况,是因为颃颡不能正常开启,导致分散气息的功能失常。因此,如果会厌小而薄,那么发声就迅速,开合灵活,气息排出容易;如果会厌大而厚,那么开合就困难,气息排出迟缓,说话就会显得重浊。人突然失音,是因为寒气侵袭到了会厌,导致会厌不能正常启闭,启闭不协调,所以发不出声音。
黄帝说:针刺治疗应该怎么做?岐伯回答说:足少阴肾经,向上联系到舌头,联络于横骨,终止于会厌。在相关血脉处各泻一次,浑浊之气就能消散。会厌的脉络,向上联络任脉,取穴天突,这样会厌就能恢复正常启闭了。
伯高回答说:天圆地方,人的头圆脚方以与之相应。天有太阳和月亮,人有左眼和右眼。地有九州,人有九个孔窍。天有风雨,人有喜怒之情。天有雷电,人有声音。天有四季,人有四肢。天有五音,人有五脏。天有六律,人有六腑。天有冬夏冷暖,人有寒热之病。天有十日(天干),人有手十指。地支有十二位,人有足十指,加上阴茎和睾丸来对应它;女子缺少这两节,以怀抱成人的形态。天有阴阳,人有夫妻。一年有三百六十五天,人有三百六十五个关节。地有高山,人有肩部和膝盖。地有深谷,人有腋窝。地有十二条大河,人有十二条经脉。地有地下泉水脉络,人有卫气。地有草木,人有毫毛。天有白天黑夜,人有睡卧起床。天有排列的星辰,人有牙齿。地有小山丘,人有小关节。地有山石,人有高凸的骨骼。地有林木,人有筋膜。地有聚集的城邑,人有肌肉隆起之处。一年有十二月,人有十二个关节(指下肢大关节)。地有四季不长草的时候,人有不能生育的情况。这就是人与天地相互对应的关系。
Huangdi asked Shaosi: When a person suddenly becomes mute due to extreme grief or anger, what pathway is blocked? What qi fails to circulate, causing the voice to be inaudible? I wish to hear the explanation.
Shaosi replied: The pharynx (Yanhou) is the passage for food and drink; the larynx (Houtong) is the organ through which qi ascends and descends. The epiglottis (Huiyan) is the gate of sound; the lips are the fan of sound; the tongue is the mechanism of sound; the uvula (Xuanyongchui) is the barrier of sound; the nasopharynx (Hangshang) is where dispersed qi exits. The transverse bone (Henggu) is directed by divine spirit (Shenqi) and primarily controls the movement of the tongue. Therefore, when a person’s nostrils leak mucus uncontrollably, it is because the nasopharynx fails to open properly, resulting in the loss of its function in dispersing qi. Thus, if the epiglottis is small and thin, the emission of qi is rapid, its opening and closing are agile, and air escapes easily; if the epiglottis is large and thick, opening and closing are difficult, air escape is slow, and speech becomes hoarse. Sudden muteness occurs when cold pathogen invades the epiglottis, preventing it from moving up and down, leading to uncoordinated opening and closing, hence the loss of voice.
Huangdi asked: How should acupuncture be applied? Qibo answered: The Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian connects upward to the tongue, links to the transverse bone, and terminates at the epiglottis. By draining the blood vessels in these two areas, turbid qi will be expelled. The vessels of the epiglottis connect upward to the Ren Mai (Conception Vessel). Needling Tianchu (CV22) allows the epiglottis to function normally again.
Huangdi asked Bogao: I wish to understand how human limbs and joints correspond to Heaven and Earth.
Bogao replied: Heaven is round and Earth is square; the human head is round and feet are square to correspond with them. Heaven has the sun and moon; humans have two eyes. Earth has nine provinces; humans have nine orifices. Heaven has wind and rain; humans have joy and anger. Heaven has thunder and lightning; humans have voice and sound. Heaven has four seasons; humans have four limbs. Heaven has five musical tones; humans have five Zang organs. Heaven has six pitch-pipes (Lü); humans have six Fu organs. Heaven has winter and summer; humans experience cold and heat. Heaven has the Ten Heavenly Stems; humans have ten fingers on the hands. The Earthly Branches number twelve; humans have ten toes on the feet, plus the penis and scrotum to complete the correspondence; women lack these two segments, reflecting the form of bearing children. Heaven has Yin and Yang; humans have husband and wife. A year has 365 days; humans have 365 joints. Earth has high mountains; humans have shoulders and knees. Earth has deep valleys; humans have axillae (armpits). Earth has twelve major rivers; humans have twelve primary meridians. Earth has underground water veins; humans have Wei Qi (Defensive Qi). Earth has grass and trees; humans have fine body hair. Heaven has day and night; humans have sleeping and waking. Heaven has constellations; humans have teeth. Earth has small hills; humans have small joints. Earth has rocks; humans have prominent bones. Earth has forests; humans have tendons and fascia. Earth has gathered cities; humans have muscle masses. A year has twelve months; humans have twelve major joints. Earth has periods in the four seasons when grass does not grow; humans have conditions of infertility. This is how humanity corresponds with Heaven and Earth.